Sielent Features of Organic Farming

8/14/2019 Sielent Features of Organic Farming

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ORGANIC AGRICULTURE

BY

Dr.P.Bhattacharyya

Director, NCOF, Ghaziabad

Additional Commissioner(INM)

DAC, Krishi BhawanNew Delhi


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ORGANIC AGRICULTURE

Holistic production system, harmony with nature,Avoids chemical fertiliser, pesticides etc.

PURPOSE

Good soil, good food, good health, good environment,good business

Movement from Farmers, NGOs etc.


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ORGANIC STATUS

Global : 24 mha (1.6% Ag. Area)

: Nearly 130 countries produce organicproduct, Australia (10 mha) lead

country

Indian : 37000-41000 ha (SOEL survey),(0.3% of Ag. Area)

: 2.50 million ha (APEDA)

(Including 2.43 mha of forest area with

wild herb & medicinal plants


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Main ISSUES

Standard

Inspection,

Certification,Accreditation

Input

Market(Export/Domestic)


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STANDARD

: Globally 61 standards available

: Important Standard includes IFOAM, CODEX, EU,

Demeter, JAS, Naturland etc.

: National Standard in India under NPOP (2002)(General Principle, Recommendation, Standard,

list (permitted/non-permitted)

: Mainly process Standard, cover cultivation,

Fertilisation, Pest/Disease management

: recently under review; Efforts for harmony with EU

regulation.


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CERTIFICATION Agencies in India

11 Nos. Ecocert (G) (Aurangabad), Skal (N) (Bangalore), IMO (S)

(Bangalore), SGS (S) (Gurgaon), Naturland (G) (Gurgaon),

Lacon (G) (Cochin), Indocert (S) (Cochin), APOF (Bangalore),

ISCOP (Coimbatore), IRFT (Mumbai), Bioinspectra (S)

(Cochin)

Mandatory for export market

ACREDITATION

: Earlier 6 agencies: APEDA, Spice Board, Coffee Board,

Coconut Board, Tea Board, Cashew nut Board: Now one body : National Accreditation Board (APEDA,

other Commodity Board and Ministry of Agriculture)

Limitation: i) Inspection performance not always good

ii) Certification cost is high


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Organic InputAvailability

i) Live stock = 2.47 million tonii) Crop residues = 2.00 million ton

iii) Biogas slurry = 0.12 million ton

iv) Biofertiliser = 0.20 million ton

v) Green manure = 0.10 million ton

vi) City refuse = 0.68 million ton

vii) Others = 1.00 million ton

(Rural compost, Vermicompost, = 6.57 million ton

Ag. Waste)

Total = 7.0 million ton

Biopesticide = 1000 ton

Constraint: (a) No regulatory mechanism

(b) Response always not satisfactory.


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Global Market (Export)

Current market =26 BN US$

Annual Growth =15-20%

USA =11-13 BN US $

Japan =350-450 MN US $

Europe =10-11 BN US $

India

31 organic products currentlyexported

No. of exporters = 69 Organic value (2003) estimated

= US $ 15.5 million

(710 million Indian Rupees)


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Market Organic (Export) 2004

Kerala = 1232 Metric ton

West Bengal = 937 Metric ton

Karnataka = 476 Metric ton

Tamil Nadu = 471 Metric ton

Punjab = 541 Metric ton

Himachal Pradesh = 521 Metric ton

Maharashtra = 375 Metric ton

India Total = 6472 Metric ton

Export Product

Basmati rice, cotton,Mangopulp, Cashewnut, Sesame,Piniapple pulp,Honey, Walnut,

spices, coffee, Tea,Peanut canned.

APEDA,


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Future Export Demand

2003-04 15050 ton

2004-05 16930 ton

2005-06 19080 ton

2006-07 21523 ton

Exported to:

Europe: Netherland, UK,Germany, Belgium, Sweeden,Switzerland, France, Italy, Spain

America: USA, Canada

Middle East: Saudi Arabia, UAE

Asia: Japan, Singapore

(Source Org. Marg = 2002)

[In 2002, from a total food production over 200 million ton, India

produced only 14000 ton of organic food produces]


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Type Products

Commodity Tea, Coffee, Rice, Wheat

Spices Cardamom, Black pepper, white pepper,ginger, turmeric, vanilla, mustard, tamarind,

clove, cinnamon, nutmeg, mace chilly

Pulses Red Gram, Black Gram

Fruits Mango, Banana, Pineapple, Grape, passionfruit, Orange, Cashew nut, walnut

Vegetables Okra, Brinjal, Garlic, Onion, Tomato, Potato

Oilseeds Sesame, castor, sunflower

Others Cotton, herbal extract

Major products produced in India by

Organic Farming


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Name of few Organic Exporters

Sunstar overseas Ltd. Haryana

Navdanya Trust, New Delhi FAB India Ltd., New Delhi

Kashmir Apiaries Export

Jubilant Organosys Ltd., Noida

IITC Organic India Ltd., Lucknow


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Domestic Market

Yet to be developed

No market structure is there

Emphasis on

(i) Creation of awareness

(ii) Procuder consumer meeting, organisation of

organic bazar/hat/mela

(iii) Change of mindset

(iv) utilisation of spiritual group, health care group etc.


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Value Addition for food processing &organic view point

Value addition for food process most important foragribusiness

Type of value Addition include: Use of additive, flavors Fortification with vitamin, amino acid Nutrient supplementation Protective packaging Raising food safety by detoxification (removal of Alfa

toxin, Glucocinolate) Reduction of ant nutritional factors (trypsin inhibitiors,

tannins etc.) Use of antioxidant Use of chemical preservative, salt Imparting desirable taste (salting of cashew nut) Improvement in hygienic quality


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Guideline of Organic Standard for

food process Handling/processing of organic products should be

optimized to maintain quality Pollution sources should be identified

Flavoring extracts preferably be organic Product shall be protected with non-organic product Organic & non-organic product shall not be stored &

transported together. Special condition of storage permitted (controlled

atmosphere, cooling, freezing, Drying) Humidity regulation ethylene gas for ripening permitted Biodegradable packaging materials shall be used

(Packaging through product like benzooxazolyl,methoxymethyl flourine etc. prohibited)


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India Organic An overview

1) Advantage in climate 100-10000 mm rain, hilly,

desert - diversive

2) Blessed with vast natural resources.

3) Area Under certified = 2.5 million ha.

4) Total certified product = 115,238 metric ton

5) Project certified = 332

6) No. of processing units = 1587) Accredited I & C agencies = 11

8) Total Quantity exported = 6,472 MT (2004)

9) No. of products exported = 35


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Government Initiative(As facilitator)

NPOP programme (2000), National Standard, Accreditation,Certification, Organic export through Ministry of Commerce,APEDA.

Development of Organic Farming Technology package by ICAR Launching of National Project on Promotion of Organic

Farming (w.e.f. October, 2004) (Rs.57.0 crore) (10 th five yearplan)Capacity Building through Service providersSetting up of vermiculture hatchery, Biofertiliser plant,

Fruit/Vegetable compost plant (25% Back ended bankableproject)

Human Resource Development through training, fielddemonstration.Setting up of model organic farmQuality testing and input production technology Market development, publicity etc.

Budget for 2005-06 on Organic Farming under NPOF = Rs.27 crore


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EAT ORGANIC LIVE ORGANICDREAM ORGANIC

Sielent Features of Organic Farming

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