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Open Access in a national context – the Swedish experience

Tartu 28 oct 2011

Jan Hagerlid, coordinator of the OpenAccess.se programme,

National Library of Sweden

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Some themes

Building a platform for national cooperation concerning Open Access

What is the role of different stakeholders?

A national library as a catalyst for an Open Access agenda

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National Library of Sweden

National Library of Sweden, also KB, short for Kungliga Biblioteket

• 1661-, legal deposit of print material

• 2009-, Swedish recorded sound and

moving images

• 1990-, coordinating research libraries

• 2011-, also public libraries

• Maintains nationwide search service LIBRIS

• Organizes national consortium for licenses for e-resources

www.openaccess.se

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Support for OA and e-publishing - first steps

KB runs SVEP project coordinating e-publishing within higher education, 2003 - 2005

Open Access policy discussion in Sweden started around 2000.

Lund univ. library introduced global OA discussion, started ScieCom and DOAJ, with support from KB

Major players signed the Berlin Declaration on Open Access• The Swedish Association for Higher Education, 2004 • Swedish Research Council, 2005• KB, 2006• The Royal Academy of Sciences, 2009

and others…..

www.openaccess.se

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Start of the OpenAccess.se programme in 2006

• Integrate development of

repositories and awareness

raising on Open Access

• A platform for practical cooperation between research libraries and the main academic stakeholders

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Steering committe

The National Library of Sweden (KB) The Association of Swedish Higher Education (SUHF) University libraries The Swedish Research Council (SRC) The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences The Swedish Knowledge Foundation (2008-)

Chairman a former university rector

www.openaccess.se

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A development programme

• 30 new projects started with a total funding of ca 1,4 million Euro, mainly from KB, additional funding from the SRC and the Knowledge foundation

• Mostly run by consortiaof HE libraries

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SwePub

Unified access to and reporting of Swedish scientific publications (SwePub)

Created the SwePub search service, where LIBRIS

• Harvests the publication databases of universities for metadata and openly available electronic fulltext

• To improve visibility and give a basis for evaluation

• More than 400 000 records

• See http://www.swepub.se

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Core projects

• Parallell Publishing of Scientific ArticlesTrials and interviews with researchers

• Creating OA Information for ResearchersWebsite for instructional material about OA

Seminars targeted to researchers within universities

• Open Access to Nobel Prize awarded works – a pilotWorkflow and tools

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Core projects

• Open Educational Resources in open digital archives

• Aiding scientific journals towards Open Access publishing

• Best practices guide to Open Access publishing

www.openaccess.se

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Stakeholder involvement

• Not a lobby organization but a gradually growing consensus on OA policy issues

• SUHF support for SwePub • Swedish Research Council – co-funding of projects -

Open Access mandate in 2009• The Knowledge Foundation – co-funding• The Royal Academy of the Sciences

- Involved in setting up programme- Opened the way for Nobel Prize project

www.openaccess.se

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Stakeholder relations – some remarks

Have patience! Open Access is not the only issue on the agenda of research councils and rectors associations

Build relations and create confidence!

Libraries are the prime candidates for providing infrastructure. You have to prove a decent maturity of infrastructure before you ask for OA mandates.

Clear decisions from the rectors association and the major research council makes a huge difference.

Libraries need a good cooperation between themselves to partner with others.

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Status today - Higher Education institutions

Open Access repositories at all universities and major university colleges, ca 35

Three HEIs have OA mandates, Chalmers, Blekinge and Malmö

OA recommendations (12)Mandates for full-text publishing of theses (12)

Changing role for the library – new researcher service develops, including bibliometric support

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Research funders – OA mandates

The Swedish Research Council, 2009 Formas (sustainable development), 2009

Riksbankens Jubileumsfond (Social Science and Humanities), 2010

Knut & Alice Wallenberg Foundation (research, research networks and equipment in the technical, natural sciences and biomedical fields), 2010

The Foundation for Baltic and East European Studies, connected to Södertörn University, 2011

FAS, Swedish Council for Working Life and Social Research, 2011

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Swedish Open Access content

Content growing quickly, larger share of scientific articles

Some data: Total OA availability 22,6 (sample study, Hedlund)

Growing number of Swedish Open Access journals, now 48

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International evaluation

• An evaluation by Leo Waaijers, the Netherlands, and Hanne Marie Kvaerndrup, Denmark, in 2009, concluded

• The OA programme has been a catalyst for co-operation, networking and activities on a national scale. … recommendations for a future OA programme based on a strategic framework with clearer goals, bigger projects and broader commitment…

The KB should take the role as coordinator 

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New phase – three areas of activity

• Information to researchers

• Coordination of policy

• Infrastructure and user services

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New steering organization and strategyHigh-level steering committee

Same stakeholders + a new funder (RJ) and an OA publisher

A new, more detailed strategy

for the programme, see http://www.kb.se/OpenAccess_english/about/

Two working groups mostly populated by repository managers

For information and counselling

For infrastructure and user services

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Information and counseling

• Refocus official website

– Target researchers and the general public

– An assciated blog-based site for the Swedish OA community, open for participation

• Strengthening the dialogue between research funders and HEI repository managers concerning OA mandates

• Calling for coordinated national initiatives concerning OA monographs

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Infrastructure and user services

Priorities for the working group

• Developing the SwePub database, metadata quality, base for new services

• Support for parallell publishing (self-archiving)

• Coordinate data on usage of repositories

• Identifiers for researchers

• Linking to data

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National Open Access policy?

The Ministry of Education in 2009 declared it would formulate a national Open Access policy

The steering committe of the OpenAccess.se in Oct 2011 formal adress about a national policy for open accessPointing to EU council decison of 2007 and ”Recommendations for Implementation of Open Access in Denmark"

---a national policy would increase the coordination, strength and pace of the process”

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Statement on Elsevier policy

"We strongly object to Elsevier’s new policy, which requires separate agreements for author’s rights, and we urge Elsevier to withdraw the new clause.   We recommend that Swedish universities with open access mandates refrain from concluding separate agreements with Elsevier. Instead, this issue should be managed along with negotiations  over national license agreements with Elsevier."

http://www.kb.se/OpenAccess_english/OA-News/Statement-about-Elseviers--new-policy-concerning-authors-rights-to-self-archive-articles/

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Open Access policy for a national library?

The National Library of Sweden adopted an Open Access policy in June 2010

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Starting points

• Reference to public funding and other duties of the library

• Signature of Berlin Declatation - obligation to promote Open Access to scientific knowledge as well as cultural heritage.

• Open Access principles concern several aspects of the operations of the national library

• Promote the National library's internal coordination and communicate a clear common position.

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Policy areas

• The National Library of Sweden supports the development of Open Access publishing within higher education, in the form of institutional Open Access repositories as well as Swedish Open Access journals.

• The National Library of Sweden acts as the coordinating agency

for the Swedish e-licensing consortium. In this role it actively promotes a development where licensing deals support Open Access publishing of Swedish researchers.

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Open access and licenses for e-resources

• Author rights clauses in licensing deals

• Exploring hybrid models• National deals with Open

Access publishers• Support for community-

based OA services (like DOAJ, ArXiv etc)

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Policy areas

The non copyright protected material that the library digitizes from its collection shall be made openly accessible on the Internet,

in exceptional cases with a certain delay.

.

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Policy areas

• The staff of the library are required to ask for the right to make their articles available in Open Access mode

• The publications from the library shall, as a rule, be made openly available on the Internet without delay.

• The National Library of Sweden will use Creative Commons licenses,

• The Metadata created or aggregated by the library are freely available to use and reuse without restriction for any third party.

See whole policy: http://www.kb.se/OpenAccess_english/OA-News/Open-Access-policy-for-the-

National-Library-of-Sweden/

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Open Access and national libraries

Open Access in the broad sense of the Berlin Declaration essentially concerns all national libraries

• We want to give the widest possible access to cultural heritage, research publications and the metadata describing them

• We also want to guarantee long-term access to digital documents

• The specific about the National Library of Sweden is only that we also have in our remit to coordinate research libraries

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The role of the national library in coordinating Open Access

development

• Placed directly under government

• Unbiased, offers an arena for fruitful cooperation

• Advance development projects into sustainable services

• Need to create an organization for real stakeholder influence

www.openaccess.se

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Thank you for listening!

Questions?

Contact: jan.hagerlid@kb.se

Take a look at www.openaccess.se!