Shua Darwish AlmutawaShua Darwish Almutawa

200023791200023791

6MI6MI

Emergency radiographyEmergency radiography

Clinical pathology:

Fractures Dislocation

Pelvis

Hip and femur

Knee joint

Leg and ankle

The pelvis:The pelvis is made up of two iliac

bones, pubic bone and sacrum which form a ring enclosing the pelvis cavity.

Classification:1. Single segment fracture of pelvic

ring2. Double segment fracture3. Avulsion fracture4. Fractures of the Acetabulum 5. Fractures of Sacrum and coccyx

Hip

The hip joint formed by the head of the femur fitting into an acetabular cavity in the iliac bone.

Dislocation of the hip joint

FemurFemur is the longest and thickest bone of the

human skeleton; extends from the pelvis to the knee.

Fracture of the femur:1.subcapital neck fracture2.transcervial neck fracture3.interochanteric fracture4.subrtochanterci fracture5.fracture of the greater trochanter6.fracture of the lesser trochanter

Directions of the fracture Directions of the fracture lineslines

Knee and leg

The knee is an important weight bearing joint. The injuries of the knee can be grouped into:

fractures of the Femoral condyles•fractures of the Tibial condylesfracture PatellaInjuries to the extensor mechanismInternal Derangements of the knee Dislocation of the knee

Injuries of the ankle and foot

The ankle is a gliding joint between the distal ends of the tibia and fibula and the proximal end of the talus. The fracture is classified according to the forces that cause them:

• external rotation injuries

• abduction injuries

• adduction injuries

• vertical compression injuries

In the x-ray department

Be nice and smile to the patient

Wear gloves if the patient is bleeding

Do not force the patient to move to the right position

you can use horizontal ray for the later views

Start from the patient position

Don’t move the patient from their positions until you

check the films in case you need to repeat it

You may need to use sponges or sand bags to support

the patient

If the patient is too old or baby get the relative to help

you moving him

Use protection