SHOCK AND

VIBRATION HANDBOOK

THIRD EDITION

Edited by

CYRIL M. HARRIS Charles Batchelor Professor of Electrical Engineering

and Professor of Architecture Columbia University

First Edition of the Shock and Vibration Handbook (1961) Edited by

Cyril M. Harris and Charles E. Crede

McGRAW-HILL BOOK COMPANY New York St. Louis San Francisco Auckland Bogota

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CONTENTS

Preface xi

1. INTRODUCTION TO THE HANDBOOK 1-1

Cyril M. Harris, Charles Batchelor Professor of Electrical Engineering; Columbia University, New York, N. Y. AND

Charles E. Crede, Late Professor of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics; California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, Calif.

2. BASIC VIBRATION THEORY 2-1

Ralph E. Blake, Consultant; Technical Center of Silicon Valley, San Jose, Calif.

3. VIBRATION OF A RESILIENTLY SUPPORTED RIGID BODY 3-1

Harry Himelblau, Jr., Member of the Technical Staff; Space Transporta­tion Systems Division, Rockwell International Corp., Downey, Calif. AND

Sheldon Rubin, Senior Project Engineer; Aerospace Corp., Los Angeles, Calif.

4. NONLINEAR VIBRATION 4-1

H. Norman Abramson, Executive Vice President; Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas

5. SELF-EXCITED VIBRATION 5-1

Frederick F. Ehrich, Staff Engineer; Aircraft Engine Group, General Electric Co., Lynn, Mass.

6. DYNAMIC VIBRATION ABSORBERS AND AUXILIARY MASS DAMPERS 6-1

F. Everett Reed, President; Littleton Research and Engineering Corp., Littleton, Mass.

7. VIBRATION OF SYSTEMS HAVING DISTRIBUTED MASS AND ELASTICITY 7-1

William F. Stokey, Professor of Mechanical Engineering Emeritus; Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Penn.

vi CONTENTS

8. TRANSIENT RESPONSE TO STEP AND PULSE FUNCTIONS 8-1

Robert S. Ayre, Professor Emeritus of Civil Engineering; University of Colorado, Boulder, Colo.

9. EFFECTS OF IMPACT ON STRUCTURES 9-1

William H. Hoppmann II, Professor Emeritus of Engineering; University of South Carolina, Columbia, S.C.

10. MECHANICAL IMPEDANCE 10-1

Elmer L. Hixson, Professor of Electrical Engineering; The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas

11. STATISTICAL CONCEPTS IN VIBRATION 11-1

John W. Miles, Professor of Applied Mathematics and Geophysics; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, Calif. AND

William T. Thomson, Professor Emeritus of Mechanical Engineering; University of California, Santa Barbara, Calif.

12. PIEZOELECTRIC AND PIEZORESISTIVE TRANSDUCERS 12-1

Eldon E. Eller, Senior Project Engineer; Endevco Corp., San Juan Capistrano, Calif. AND

Robert M. Whittier, Research and Development Manager, Silicon Products; Endevco Corp., San Juan Capistrano, Calif.

13. VIBRATION MEASUREMENT EQUIPMENT AND SIGNAL ANALYZERS 13-1

Robert B. Randall, Vibration Applications Engineer; Brüel & Kjaer Pty. Ltd., Concord, N.S.W., Australia.

14. SPECIAL-PURPOSE TRANSDUCERS 14-1

John E. Judd, President; Vibra-Metrics, Inc., Hamden, Conn. AND

John D. Ramboz, Consultant

15. MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES 15-1

Cyril M. Harris, Charles Batchelor Professor of Electrical Engineering; Columbia University, New York, N. Y.

16. CONDITION MONITORING OF MACHINERY 16-1

Joelle Courrech, Senior Applications Engineer; Brüel & Kjaer, Naerum, Denmark

CONTENTS vii

17. STRAIN-GAGE INSTRUMENTATION 17-1

Earl J. Wilson, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Flight Research Center, Edwards, Calif

18. CALIBRATION OF PICKUPS 18-1

John D. Ramboz, Consultant M. R. Serbyn, Research Engineer; National Bureau of Standards, Gaithersburg, Md. AND

Robert W. Lally, Consultant; PCB Piezotronics, Inc., Depew, N. Y.

19. VIBRATION STANDARDS 19-1

Paul H. Maedel, Jr., Westinghouse Electric Corp., Philadelphia, Penn. AND

Ronald L. Eshleman, President; The Vibration Institute, Clarendon Hills, III.

20. INTRODUCTION TO DATA REDUCTION, TESTING, AND SPECIFICATIONS 20-1

Charles T. Morrow, Consultant, Encinitas, Calif.

21. EXPERIMENTAL MODAL ANALYSIS 21-1

Randall J. Allemang, Associate Professor of Mechanical Engineering; Structural Dynamics Research Laboratory, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio AND

David L. Brown, Professor of Mechanical Engineering; Structural Dynamics Laboratory, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio

22. CONCEPTS IN VIBRATION DATA ANALYSIS 22-1

Allen J. Curtis, Chief Scientist; Hughes Aircraft Company, El Segundo, Calif.

23. CONCEPTS IN SHOCK DATA ANALYSIS 23-1

Sheldon Rubin, Senior Project Engineer; The Aerospace Corporation, El Segundo, Calif.

24. PART I: VIBRATION OF STRUCTURES INDUCED BY GROUND MOTION 24-1

W. J. Hall, Professor of Civil Engineering; University of Illinois, Urbana, III.

v i l l CONTENTS

PART II: SEISMIC QUALIFICATION OF EQUIPMENT 24-21

George D. Shipway, Technical Director, Western Test and Engineering; Wyle Laboratories, Norco, Calif. AND

Daniel D. Kana, Institute Engineer; Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas

25. VIBRATION TESTING MACHINES 25-1

Karl Unholtz, Unholtz-Dickie Corporation, Hamden, Conn.

26. SHOCK TESTING MACHINES 26-1

Edward W. Clements, Head; Equipment Integrity Section, Shock and Vibration Branch, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. Jerry R. Sullivan, Head; Ship Combat Survivability Section; U.S. Naval Ship Engineering Center, Washington, D.C. AND

Irwin Vigness, Late Head, Shock and Vibration Branch; U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C.

27. APPLICATIONS OF DIGITAL COMPUTERS 27-1

Allen J. Curtis, Chief Scientist; Hughes Aircraft Company, Elsegundon, Calif

28. MATRIX METHODS OF ANALYSIS 28-1

Stephen H. Crandall, Ford Professor of Engineering; Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Mass. AND

Rober B. McCalley, Jr., Senior Technical Consultant; General Electric Co., Schenectady, N. Y.

29. PART I: VIBRATION OF STRUCTURES INDUCED BY FLUID PLOW 29-1

Robert D. Blevins, Consultant; San Diego, Calif.

PART II: VIBRATION OF STRUCTURES INDUCED BY WIND 29-17

A. G. Davenport, Director, Boundary Layer Wind Tunnel Laboratory, and Chairman of the Department of Civil Engineering; University of Western Ontario, London, Ont. AND

Milos Novak, Professor of Civil Engineering; University of Western Ontario, London, Ont.

30. THEORY OF VIBRATION ISOLATION 30-1

Charles E. Crede, Late Professor of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics; California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, Calif. AND

Jerome E. Ruzicka, Barry Controls Division, Barry Wright Corp., Watertown, Mass.

CONTENTS ix

31. THEORY OF SHOCK ISOLATION 31-1

R. E. Newton, Professor of Mechanical Engineering; United States Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, Calif.

32. TYPES AND CHARACTERISTICS OP VIBRATION ISOLATORS 32-1

Romulus H. Racca, Principal Engineer; Barry Controls Division, Barry Wright Corp., Watertown, Mass.

33. AIR SUSPENSION AND ACTIVE VIBRATION-ISOLATION SYSTEMS 33-1

Rodney W. Horning, Senior Project Engineer; Barry Wright Corp., Watertown, Mass. AND

Dale W. Schubert, Senior Development Engineer; Barry Wright Corp., Watertown, Mass.

34. APPLICATION OF ISOLATORS 34-1

Harry L. Hain, Manager; Avionics/Marine Products Design, Lord Corp., Erie, Penn. John J. Heintzel, Senior Engineering Specialist, Lord Corp., Erie, Penn. AND

Charles J. Leingang, Manager; Products Design/Industrial Products Engineering, Lord Corp., Erie, Penn.

35. PROPERTIES OF RUBBER 35-1

William A. Frye, Manager; Quality & Reliability System, Inland Division, General Motors Corporation, Dayton, Ohio

36. MATERIAL DAMPING AND SLIP DAMPING 36-1

Lawrence E. Goodman, Professor of Mechanics; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn.

37. APPLICATION OF DAMPING TREATMENTS 37-1

David I. G. Jones, Materials Research Engineer; Materials Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio

38. TORSIONAL VIBRATION IN RECIPROCATING AND ROTATING MACHINES 38-1

Ronald L. Eshleman, President; Vibration Institute, Clarendon Hills, III. AND

Frank M. Lewis, Late Professor Emeritus of Marine Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Mass.

X CONTENTS

39. BALANCE OF ROTATING MACHINERY 39-1

Douglas G. Stadelbauer, Vice President; Schenck Trebel Corp., Deer Park,N.Y. AND

Douglas Muster, Brown and Root Professor of Mechanical Engineering; University of Houston, Houston, Texas

40. MACHINE-TOOL VIBRATION 40-1

John G. Bollinger, Bascom Professor of Mechanical Engineering; University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wise.

41. PACKAGING DESIGN 41-1

Masaji T. Hatae, Manager, Transportability Engineering; Advanced Systems Division, Northrop Corp., Pico Rivera, Calif.

42. THEORY OF EQUIPMENT DESIGN 42-1

Edward G. Fischer, Consulting Engineer; Westinghouse Electrical Corp., Pittsburg, Penn.

43. PRACTICE OF EQUIPMENT DESIGN 43-1

Edward G. Fischer, Consulting Engineer; Westinghouse Electric Corp., Pittsburg, Penn.

44. EFFECTS OF SHOCK AND VIBRATION ON MAN 44-1

Henning E. von Gierke, Director; Biodynamics and Bioengineering Division, Harry G. Armstrong Aerospace Medical Research Laboratories, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio AND

David E. Goldman, Professor Emeritus of Physiology; Medical College of Pennsylvania and Hospital, Philadelphia, Penn.

INDEX-follows Chapter 44