Shier--Hole's Human Anatomy & Physiology 13e-1

8/10/2019 Shier--Hole's Human Anatomy & Physiology 13e-1

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Ch01 - Introduction to Human Anatomy and Physiology

Ch01

Introduction to Human Anatomy and Physiology

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Most of the terminology to name and describe body parts and their functions comes from

A. Latin and ree!.". #nglish and Italian.

C. picture dra$ings on the ca%e $alls of our ancestors.

&. the language of hunter-gatherers.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 01.01Topic: Body Orientation

'. An in%estigator $ho conducts an e(periment to determine ho$ temperature changes affectthe rate at $hich the heart beats is most li!ely a)n*

A. anatomist.

B. physiologist.C. chemist.&. biochemist.

Bloom's Level: 3. ApplyLearning Outcome: 01.0

Topic: Body Orientation

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+. Anatomy and physiology are difficult to separate because

A. physiological functions depend on anatomical structures.

". physiological functions in an organism are ongoing.C. body parts ta!e up space.

&. our understanding of physiology is changing more than our understanding of anatomy.

Bloom's Level: . !nderstand


,. he acti%ities of an anatomist consist of / $hereas those of a physiologist consist of.

A. obser%ing body parts studying functions of body parts

". conducting e(periments ma!ing microscopic e(aminations

C. studying molecules obser%ing forms of the body parts&. s!etching dissecting

Bloom's Level: . !nderstandLearning Outcome: 01.0


. he origin of the term 2anatomy2 is related to

A. the ree! $ord for 2function.2". the name of the first anatomist.

C. the ree! $ord for 2cutting up.2

&. the function of internal organs.


Learning Outcome: 01.0


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1'. :imple s


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1. he remo%al of $astes produced by metabolic reactions is

A. metabolism.

". absorption.C. assimilation.

D. e(cretion.


Learning Outcome: 01.0"Topic: Body Orientation

13. 6hich of the follo$ing characteristics of life and their descriptions are correct7A. =esponsi%eness-obtaining and using o(ygen to release energy from food

". Assimilation-sensing changes inside or outside the body and reacting to them

C. =espiration-changing absorbed substances into forms that are chemically different from

those that entered the body fluidsD. Circulation-the mo%ement of substances in body fluids

Bloom's Level: . !nderstandLearning Outcome: 01.0"


14. Metabolism is defined as .

A. the remo%al of $astes produced by chemical reactions". the brea!do$n of substances into simpler formsC. the ta!ing in of nutrients

D. all the chemical reactions occurring in an organism that support life


Learning Outcome: 01.0"


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15. 6hich of the follo$ing processes does not help to maintain the life of an indi%idual

organism7

A. =esponsi%eness". Mo%ement

C. =eproduction

&. =espiration

Bloom's Level: . !nderstandLearning Outcome: 01.0#


18. 6hich of the follo$ing processes is most important to continuation of the human

species7

A. =esponsi%eness

". Mo%ementC. =eproduction

&. =espiration


Learning Outcome: 01.0#


'0. Homeostasis is theA. inability to !eep body $eight $ithin normal limits.". room temperature decreasing because a $indo$ is open.

C. ingestion of more food than you need to eat.

D. tendency of the body to maintain a stable internal en%ironment.

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply

Learning Outcome: 01.0#Topic: Body Orientation

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'1. 6hich of the follo$ing is not an e(ample of a homeostatic mechanism in the human

body7

A. :hi%ering $hen body temperature falls belo$ normal.". Increasing heart rate and force of contraction $hen blood pressure falls.

C. =etaining fluid leading to retaining more fluid.

&. :ecreting insulin after a meal to return blood sugar concentration to$ard normal.

Bloom's Level: 3. ApplyLearning Outcome: 01.0#


''. Li%ing organisms use o(ygen to .

A. reduce heat production

". donate electrons for cellular metabolism

C. release energy stored in the molecules of food&. remo%e metabolic $astes

Bloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 01.0#


'+. Maintaining a stable internal en%ironment typically re


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',. A blood clot stimulating further clotting is an e(ample of

A. a positi%e feedbac! mechanism.

". a negati%e feedbac! mechanism.C. a process turning itself off.

&. ner%ous system communication.



'. 6hich of the follo$ing must the human body obtain from the en%ironment in order tosur%i%e7

A. >itrogen

". 6astes

C. 6ater&. Carbon dio(ide



'3. Homeostasis e(ists if concentrations of $ater/ nutrients/ and o(ygen in the body and heat

and pressure .A. decrease steadily

B. remain $ithin certain limited ranges

C. increase $hen the body is stressed

&. fluctuate greatly bet$een %ery high and lo$ %alues



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'4. In negati%e feedbac! mechanisms changes a$ay from the normal state

A. stimulate changes in the same direction.

". inhibit all body reactions.

C. stimulate changes in the opposite direction.

&. stimulate a reduction in all re


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+0. Positi%e feedbac! mechanisms usually produce

A. changes returning %alues to$ard a set point.

". stable conditions around a set point.

C. unstable conditions.

&. long-term changes.



+1. 6hich of the follo$ing is true concerning the female reproducti%e system7A. It produces female se( cells.

". It transports the female se( cells.

C. It can support the de%elopment of an embryo.

D. All of the abo%e.


Learning Outcome: 01.0$Topic: Body Orientation

+'. 6hich of the follo$ing organs is in the abdominopel%ic ca%ity7

A. he heart

". he tracheaC. he thymus

D. he li%er

Bloom's Level: 3. ApplyLearning Outcome: 01.0$


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++. he membrane on the surface of a lung is called the

A. %isceral pleura.

". parietal pleura.C. %isceral pericardium.

&. parietal pericardium.



+,. 6hich action is the main function of the digesti%e system7A. @ormation of cells

". Mo%ement of body parts

C. Absorption of nutrients

&. Pro%iding o(ygen for the e(traction of energy from nutrients



+. 6hich of the follo$ing is not part of the female reproducti%e system7

A. he uterus

". he uterine tubeC. he %ul%a

D. he bulbourethral gland

Bloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 01.0$


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+3. he thoracic ca%ity lies the abdominopel%ic ca%ity.

A. dorsal )posterior* to

". %entral )anterior* to

C. superior to

&. inferior to



+4. "lood cells are produced in the organs of the system.A. endocrine

B. s!eletal

C. respiratory

&. muscular



+5. A parietal layer of a serous membrane / $hereas a %isceral layer of a serous

membrane .

A. co%ers organs lines ca%itiesB. lines ca%ities co%ers organsC. secretes serous fluid secretes mucus

&. secretes mucus secretes a serous fluid


Learning Outcome: 01.0$


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+8. Cell death first occurs

A. at age 30.

". at age 0.C. at puberty.

D. in the fetus.


Learning Outcome: 01.0%Topic: Body Orientation

,0. An obstetrician tells a ,'-year-old patient that she can ha%e a healthy baby/ but that she isof 2ad%anced maternal age.2 he patient is so upset that she fails to listen to the rest of the

doctors ad%ice/ goes home in a huff/ and immediately dyes her hair/ buys a minis!irt/ and

signs up for boto( inBections to smooth the tiny lines near her eyes. :he is misinterpreting the

doctors statement because it referred toA. the age of the sperm.

B. the age of her eggs.

C. her ris! of de%eloping diabetes.&. her cholesterol le%el/ not her appearance.

Bloom's Level: 3. ApplyLearning Outcome: 01.0%


,1. 6rin!led and sagging s!in results from

A. drin!ing too much $ater.

". heredity only.

C. loss of subcutaneous fat and less elastin and collagen.

&. e(cess subcutaneous fat.



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,'. :igns of aging at the cellular le%el are

A. graying hair/ $aning strength/ and $rin!les.

". unrepaired &>A and abnormal proteins.

C. impaired cell di%ision and the ability to brea! do$n and recycle $orn cell parts.

&. a fatty li%er and clogged blood %essels.



,+. 9ne characteristic that centenarians share isA. a high le%el of e(ercise throughout life.

". long-li%ed relati%es.

C. follo$ing the Mediterranean diet.

D. ne%er ha%ing smo!ed.



,,. An anatomical section that separates the body into right and left portions is a

section.

A. frontal". trans%erseC. coronal

D. sagittal


Learning Outcome: 01.0&


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,. he upper midportion of the abdomen is called the region.

A. hypochondriac

". iliacC. hypogastric

D. epigastric


Learning Outcome: 01.0&Topic: Body Orientation

,3. 6hen the body is placed in the anatomical position/ $hich of the follo$ing is not true7A. he head is facing to the front.

B. he palms are facing bac!$ard.

C. he body is erect.

&. he upper limbs are at the sides.



,4. Paired organs/ such as the !idneys or lungs/ are said to be

A. bise(ual.

". bilingual.C. bilateral.&. bi%alent.

Bloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 01.0&


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1. Magnetic resonance imaging uses

A. D rays.

B. a radio antenna.C. radioisotopes.

&. high-fre


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,. Patterns of gro$th in preser%ed bones and tooth decay reflect the health of the people of

$hich they $ere a part.

T"#$



. he field of medicine arose as early healers abandoned superstition and ideas about magic

and started using natural chemicals and $ondering $hy they $ere effecti%e at treating illness.

T"#$



3. Cada%er dissection is against the la$ in the ?.:.

!A%&$



4. he anatomy of a body part is closely related to its physiology.

T"#$



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5. 6e !no$ all there is to !no$ about the structure and function of the human body.

!A%&$



8. Cells $ith similar functions aggregate into organelles.

!A%&$



30. Macromolecules are built of atoms.

T"#$


Learning Outcome: 01.03


31. 9rgan systems consist of organs/ $hich consist of tissues.

T"#$



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3'. A cell is the basic unit of structure and function of an organism.

T"#$



3+. Metabolism refers to all of the chemical reactions in an organism that support life.

T"#$

Bloom's Level: . !nderstandLearning Outcome: 01.0"


3,. Absorption is the ability to e(hale carbon dio(ide.

!A%&$


Learning Outcome: 01.0"


3. =eproduction is the change in body characteristics o%er time.

!A%&$



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33. 9(ygen is the primary ra$ material for ne$ li%ing material.

!A%&$



34. emperature is a form of energy/ $hereas heat is a measurement of the intensity of thetemperature.

!A%&$



35. Homeostasis is the bodys maintenance of an unstable internal en%ironment.

!A%&$




38. he maintenance of a steady body temperature in the face of fluctuating en%ironmentalconditions illustrates homeostasis.

T"#$




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40. he diaphragm separates the thoracic and the abdominopel%ic ca%ities.

T"#$



41. he parietal pericardium is attached to the surface of the heart.

!A%&$



4'. he organ systems responsible for integration and coordination are the ner%ous and

endocrine systems.

T"#$




4+. Eidneys are part of the lymphatic system.

!A%&$



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4,. he muscular system is responsible for body mo%ements/ maintenance of posture/ and

production of body heat.

T"#$



4. he digesti%e system filters $astes from the blood.

!A%&$



43. he parietal pleura is a %isceral membrane.

!A%&$




44. he oral/ nasal/ orbital/ and middle ear ca%ities are in the dorsal ca%ity.

!A%&$



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45. Aging begins in the fetus.

T"#$



48. Chromosomes get longer as a cell ages.

!A%&$

Bloom's Level: . !nderstandLearning Outcome: 01.0%


50. Ceroid pigments and lipofuscin accumulate $ith aging/ impairing a cells ability to

$ithstand the damaging effects of o(ygen free radicals.

T"#$


Learning Outcome: 01.0%


51. he ears are lateral to the eyes.

T"#$

Bloom's Level: 3. ApplyLearning Outcome: 01.0&


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5'. he elbo$ is distal to the $rist.

!A%&$



5+. he anatomical position is lying do$n/ as a cada%er $ould be positioned.

!A%&$

Bloom's Level: 3. ApplyLearning Outcome: 01.0&


!ill in the Blan' Questions

5,. Agriculture began in some countries as recently as years ago.

()000



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5. &issection of human bodies became part of medical education in the century.

t*entieth or

+0th

Bloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 01.01


53. he branch of science that deals $ith the structure of human body parts is called .

anatomy



54. he branch of science that deals $ith the functions of human body parts is called .

physiology



55. A group of cells $ith common properties that are organi;ed into a layer or mass is a)n*

.

tissue



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58. A subcellular structure built of assemblies of macromolecules that carries out a particular

function is a)n* .

organelle



80. he process by $hich food substances are chemically changed into simpler forms that

can be absorbed is called .

digestion

Bloom's Level: 1. RememberLearning Outcome: 01.0"Topic: Body Orientation

81. he term refers to an increase in body si;e $ithout o%erall shape change.

gro*th



8'. he most abundant substance in the human body is .

*ater




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8+. :elf-regulating control mechanisms usually operate by a process called feedbac!.

negati,e



8,. he potential space bet$een the membranes is called the pleural ca%ity.

pleural



8. he chemicals endocrine glands secrete are called .

hormones




83. he heart is part of the system.

cardio,ascular

Bloom's Level: . !nderstandLearning Outcome: 01.0$


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84. Indi%iduals $ho li%e more than 100 years are called.

centenarians



85. :tanding erect $ith face and palms for$ard and upper limbs at the sides describes the position.

anatomical



88. A length$ise cut that di%ides the body into right and left portions is termed .

sagittal



Shier--Hole's Human Anatomy & Physiology 13e-1

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Transcript of Shier--Hole's Human Anatomy & Physiology 13e-1