SHEC BASECO COMMUNITY ORGANIZING

CITY OF MANILADistricts: 1-6Barangays: 897Population (2007) Manila: 1,660,714BASECO COMPOUND: Barangay 649 Zone 68Location: southbank: mouth of Pasig River, Port Area, District 5, ManilaBoundaries: North – Pasig River; South _ South Harbor; East – Bonifacio Drive; West & SW – Manila BayLAND AREA: 56 hectaresProclaimed: 52 ha. (2002)Population:42,249 (2007)Informal settlers w/out housing assistance: 6,5004 Fires hit the area: 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005

GEOGRAPHICAL SETTING  Baseco is Barangay 649 Zone 68 of the City of Manila. It is a reclaimed section of the Port Area of Manila. Manila Bay, on its southern and western parts, and Pasig River, on its northern part, Bonifacio Drive in the east; South Harbor in the South serve as its boundary. It is under the jurisdiction of the Philippines Ports Authority. It has 56 hectares, as indicated in the Ordinance No. 7931, which is a property of the National Government.

BASECO

from the BAtaan SShipyard and Engineering Company which was known as NASSCO or National Shipyard And Steel Corporation. The place was first known as the Engineering Island of NASCO established sometime in the mid-1950s under former President Ferdinand Marcos, and its employees were the first inhabitants of the island. During that time, Former First Lady Imelda Marcos ordered a dredging of the South Harbor in preparation for the visit of Queen Elizabeth, whose ship docked at the South Harbor. The materials taken from the said area were dumped at the present place of Baseco. Little by little, it formed into an island which we have now due to the garbage dumped in that area, reclamation done by the government and some land brought by the sea in the course of time.

ECOLOGICAL

Metro Manila has serious infrastructure and environmental problems in the areas of land, water, air, sewerage, drainage, waste, and traffic. Land use in Metro Manila has been largely shaped by the activities of the private sector. Due to speculation, land prices have risen by 100-200%, thereby reducing access to affordable housing in the city. Metro Manila has a water supply system that is unsatisfactory, with a distribution system that is unable to reach much of the population on the periphery of the city. Water pumps are being used, which is increasing pollution in the water supply. This city has an extremely inadequate sewerage system. In total, about 11% of the population of Metro Manila are served by piped sewerage. The majority of sewage is conveyed through open ditches and canals untreated into Manila Bay. Air pollution is another major environmental problem, accounted for by motor vehicles and industry waste. The huge amounts of solid waste produced by the city each day often clogs the poor drainage pipeline and causes eventual flooding. As with most other metropolitan cities, Metro Manila suffers from serious traffic congestion.

ENVIRONMENT CONCERNS:

1. Project Implementation without Environmental Compliance Certificate

a. ECC for Direct reclamation: * mangrove destruction, ** absence of “expropriation permit” from DENR for Baseco’s magrove areas.

b. Absence of reclamation permit from the Philippine Reclamation Authority (PRA)

c. Environmental Compliance Certificate for Housing Component

POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS:

• Environmental compliance certification for the whole 56 hectares of the Baseco through review by Environment Impact Assessment Committee composed of experts in the fields of Geology, Socio-Economic research and Environmental Impact Assesment.

• Permits from Philippine Reclamation Authority and Conversion Permit for destroyed Mangrove Areas

• Environmental Impact Statement study: sedimentation accretion and erosion modeling studies

• Replace Mangrove stands destroyed by developing Mangrove Forest Park from a portion of Baseco.

LEGAL ISSUES :Environment laws and policies

EO 153

NIPAS LAW

PD 1583 (Environment Impact Statement System)

PD 1152 ( Philippine Environment Code)

TOPOGRAPHY The City's topography is relatively flat with some portions actually below sea level so during high tide, the sea water goes about two kilometers inland along the Pasig River towards its source, the Laguna de Bay, a fresh water lake. However, small areas situated near the Quezon City – City of Manila Boundary have rolling terrains. These areas are located in northernmost portions of Sampaloc

Port Area

As of 2007, the Port Area geographical district of Manila had a population of 48,684.[1] The district has 5 barangays (649-653), but the vast majority of the population resides in one single barangay which is in Baseco compound(#649).

HYDROLOGY The physical make-up of Manila could be subdivided into two - the North Manila and the South Manila. The distinction is made with reference to the Pasig River, which divides the territory into two. The river provides the main drainage that links the Manila Bay with Laguna de Bay. It hasa total length of about 25 kilometers. Manila Bay has a coastline of about 190 km. And its bottom is gradually deepening at the rate of 0.1%. The Bay which is roughly about 1,800 sq m in area receives water and wastewater from the National Capital Region and about some 17,000 sq. m. of watershed drained by 26 principal rivers. However, the highly polluted major rivers draining into it and the various activities along the periphery pose a threat to the water quality of the bay.

SEISMICITY The City of Manila is physically and socially vulnerable to earthquake related hazards such as liquefaction and ground shaking. The July 1968 earthquake proved devastating to the business community and to the public in general. Earthquakes greatly affect both economic and social interaction. While the implementation of building and structural codes should be emphasized, retroactivity in applying earthquake resistant technologies or sophisticated structural measures (retrofitting/ re-engineering) cannot be immediately applied to older, substandard and hazardous buildings. In this respect, the city's efforts should lean towards the coping mechanisms to earthquake related disasters, focusing on response during earthquake events and recovery. A general vulnerability analysis of various areas in Manila is shown in Figure 13 Geological Risks of Various Areas in Metro Manila. Those areas under very high risks include downtown Manila (covering Quiapo, Intramuros, Sta. Cruz, Binondo, and Port Area) and the Reclamation Area (along) Roxas Boulevard

DEMOGRAPHICS

With a population of 1,660,714 and a land area of 38.55 km², Manila has one of the highest population densities of any major city in the world with 43,079 people/km². District 6 is listed as being the most dense with 68,266, followed by the first two districts (Tondo) with 64,936 and 64,710, respectively, and district 5 being the least dense with 19,235)

District V (Ermita, Intramuros, Malate, Paco, Port Area, San Andres) also grew from 195,995 in1995 to 290,378 in 2000, or an increase of 94,383 persons. District V hosts institutions, transport facilities and utilities, and some commercial activities. The reason for its population growth appears to be affected by its proximity to Makati City, thereby attracting residents and migrants to opportunities for formal and informal jobs

Census 2000

Census 2000

FIRE VULNERABILITY The City’s fully built-up nature has resulted into having congested areas where infrastructures and utilities can no longer support the area. Most fire prone areas are of residential in nature where informal settlements have encroached and areas where old infrastructures have been left idle and/or derelict. They are found in the outskirts of the City and most of them are found in Tondo and Port Area like Baseco.

CULTURAL

ETHNICITY

Majority of the Manila Household population trace their ethnic ancestry as Tagalog representing 76% of the total household population. 50.7% of these are female and 49.3% are male. Although the Ilocanos came second to the Tagalog, they represent just 3% of the Total household population and the Bisaya came in third at 2.8%. the female outnumbers the male population and is the trend for the rest of the ethnic groups

LANGUAGE

Tagalog is still the dialect predominantly used by most householdfamilies at 93.8%followed by Ilocano at.95%

RELIGIONThe cosmopolitan atmosphere and cultural diversity of Manila is reflected in the number of places of worship scattered around the city. The freedom of worship in the Philippines, which have existed since the creation of the republic, allowed the diverse population to build their sacred sites without the fear of persecution. People of different denominations are represented here with the presence of Christian churches, Buddhist temples, Jewish synagogues, and Islamic mosques.

Almost 90% of the city's population are Roman Catholics. Manila is the seat of the Archdiocese of Manila, the oldest archdiocese in the country, and the Primate of the Philippines.[6] The archdiocese's offices is located in the Manila Cathedral (Basilica Minore de la Nuestra Señora de la Immaculada Concepcion) inside the Intramuros. The city celebrates it's foundation day every 24 June, hence it is under the patronage of John the Baptist.

The Philippines is considered and known to be the onlyChristian nation in Asia and the Far East. This was the result ofthe colonization by Spain for more than 400 years. Theybrought with them the Roman Catholic religion which is thepredominant religion in the country today. This is also true inthe city of Manila. Out of the 1,569,584 household population,there are 1,414,342 household population whose religiousaffiliation is Roman Catholicism. This represents 90% of the totalhousehold population

LAND USE

ResidentialCommercialInstitutionalIndustrial

Population of Informal settlers

The absence of informal sector’s definition and comprehensive identification of work and trade areas had caused the city government to engage in absurdity towards the sector’s welfare. However, in the case of Manila, the lack of standardized definition for the informal sector did not affect the city’s program towards the marginalized for it was to identify the probable source of the informal sector’s population. The City has 230 depressed barangays, approximately 26% of the total number of barangays are considered quarters of the poorest of the poor. In January 2000 and 2001 Manila Social Welfare report, the number of barangays with informal settlers was recorded at 259 and 307, respectively. While the total number of families in the depressed areas were recorded at 70,398 and 143,045 families, respectively on the given period. There was recorded increase of 105%, the previously 20% identified families in the depressed areas grew to 41% in January 2001. The 41% identified families of the total number of families are categorically the major source of the informal sector. The said increased was amplified by the fact that these informal settlers after the clearing operations tend to come back to the City for survival and livelihood purposes. Thus, it is statistically safe to say that the City of Manila caters for more or less 41% of the total household

BASECO

BASECO is an island that grew from garbage, mud, and other waste materials swept in from Pasig River, as well as debris and demolished concrete dumped there by then Bureau of Public Works and Highways. Tiny white shells known as "gasang-gasang" also form part of its ground buildup.

BASECO is subdivided into two communities, Isla Liit (GK & half of Habitat), which consists of Blocks 15 to 17, 17-A, and 18; and Isla Laki, which is composed of Blocks I-8. Block 19 new site is located along the bridge which one crosses on the way to BASECO.

Considered as a depressed community, the entire barangay has received a wide range of external assistance from both government and non-government agencies. In fact, it was identified as one of the beneficiaries of the KALAHI program of President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo.' The situation of the barangay has improved enormously since it was established. However, flooding, poor sanitation and health conditions, and the low quality of basic_ services, Particularly water, remain problems that affect the well-being of the most vulnerable group in the community-the poorest children.

Dwelling Units, Facilities, and Infrastructure

In Blocks 2 to 14 (Isla Laki) , the dwelling units are lined up against the seawall. Measuring as small as 4 square meters and stacked alongside one another like a pile of books on a shelf, the houses are made of semi permanent materials, such as wood and bamboo, and permanent materials like concrete and galvanized iron sheets. In cases where more than one family resides in the house, wooden dividers are used to define each one's territory or room.

In Block I (Aplaya), families built their houses on stilts thrust deeply into the sandy ground. These structures are thus easily destroyed during typhoons or heavy rains.

In Isla Liit, especially in Blocks 15 to 17, the dwelling units perch on stilts along the breakwater. Given the flooding during high tide, a web of bamboo bridges and wooden platforms connects one house to the other, creating a complex maze of pathways and bridges.

The least depressed area is Block 17-A, where those who are "better-off" ("nakakaangat") in the community are found. It is the first block encountered upon entering the community, and its residents have the easiest access to the roads. Found here are the barangay hall, basketball court, playground, and health center. The dwelling units are made of permanent materials like concrete, galvanized iron sheets, and steel reinforcements. There are even two-story houses which double as sari-sari (variety) stores or recreation halls with billiard tables, video game machines, and videoke components.

WATER SUPPLY IN BASECO

Water remains a major problem in the area, with only a minority of the households serviced by MAYNILAD Water Services, Inc.2 At least one ,water faucet is found per block, however. A water tender assigned by the barangay supervises the fetching of water and collects payments from households that access this water source (nakiki-igib). The value of the water corresponds to the meter reading per igib (fetching). If the household asks the water tender to bring water, a much higher fee is charged.

Water and sanitation

As mentioned earlier, the MAYNILAD service is the community's only source of potable water. Most of the residents complain, however, that the water is not clear, especially after flooding. Thus, they are uncertain whether the water is I OO-percent safe to drink.

Hygiene and sanitation remain primary problems in the community. Piles of stagnating garbage are a common sight in the area. Upon entering each block, one feels the ground underneath one's feet transform into a mushy flooring of garbage accumulated from the sea. Thinking about the kinds of disease acquired from walking barefoot 011 the equivalent of hardened burak (water from the canal mixed with garbage and soil) suggests a nightmarish scenario.

The absence of sanitary toilets, as is the case for the majority of the households, makes the community, especially the children, further vulnerable to illnesses. The most common practice of waste disposal is the "Antipolo" type, or throwing human waste into the seashore near the breakwater. Some dispose of their waste in the open drainage or garbage dump; others use the toilets of their neighbors, friends, or relatives. A number use the public toilet or bury their waste.

SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS:

Baseco is classified as an Urban Poor Community. The people are coming from different provinces, particularly from the Visayas region. Some of them are also coming from other Metro Manila slum communities which were demolished. Around 5 percent consist of Muslims migrants, all residing in Block 13. Pabanal members with 2, 500 families average family income is 5,000 – 6,000

Means of Living

Pier laborers, vendors, laudrywomen carpenter, fishing, caretaker, tricycle and pedicab drivers, with few employees of public and private offices Overseas Filipino Workers

COMMUNICATION

The liberalization policy on telecommunication system opens the door for more investors in the industry. During the past years the telephone system in the City of Manila is being monopolized by the Philippine Long Distance and Telephone Co. (PLDT). PLDT has committed itself to a Zero backlog program aiming to serve 100% of Manila's telephone demand by the year 1996, but miserably failed. Today there are several telephone companies who offer services. Other telecommunication systems that operate in the City are the cellular telephone, radiophones and pagers. Cellular are in season as GLOBE Telecom was able to come up with the concept of "text messaging". Its competitors like SMART Telecommunications and NEXTEL are also catching up with the latest craze.

Business Opportunities in Manila by District

District 1 Shipping, Trucking, Hauling Companies, Warehouses, ManufacturingDistrict 2 Computer Shops, Repair Shops, Learning institutions, Car/Auto DealershipDistrict 3 Appliance Centers, Hardware & heavy Equipment Supplies, Jewelry Shops, Department StoresDistrict 4 Flower Shops, Dormitories & Lodging Houses, Bus Stations, Groceries, Food ChainsDistrict 5 First Class Hotels & Restaurant, Bars & Cocktail Lounges, Gym & Health Spa, Coffee Shops, Malls/Department StoresDistrict 6 Book Stores, Hotel & Restaurants, Dormitories, Convenience Stores, Computer Shops

ROADS

The main roads of Metro Manila are organized around a set of radial and circumferential roads that radiate and circle in and around Manila proper. Roxas Boulevard, easily the most well-known of Manila's streets, line the southern shores of Manila with Manila Bay. The boulevard is part of the Radial Road 1 that leads south to the province of Cavite. Another well-known radial road is España Boulevard (part of Radial Road 7) that starts in Quiapo and ends at the Welcome Rotonda along the border with Quezon City. Pres. Sergio Osmeña Sr. Highway, part of the South Luzon Expressway or Radial Road 3 is the most important highway linking Manila with the provinces of southern Luzon.

Public transportManila, being a major city, affords various transportation options. Famous of all these forms of transportation is the public jeepney, which has been in use since the years immediately after World War II. Buses, air-conditioned metered taxi and Tamaraw FX mini-vans are also popular forms of transportation. Tricycles and Pedicabs are used for short distances. In some areas, especially in Divisoria, two stroke motors are fitted in the pedicabs and are used for goods transport. Regardless of modernity, horse-drawn calesas are still used in the streets of Binondo and Intramuros.Aside from those means of transportation, the city is serviced by the 2 Manila Light Rail Transit System (separate from Manila Metro Rail Transit System), a national priority project designed to address the overwhelming traffic that congests the national capital.

MANILA:FAMILY INCOME &EXPENDITURESTotal Number of FamiliesTotal and Average Family Income &Expenditures: 1985-2003From 1985 up to 2003, the total number of families in the City recorded an average annual growth rate of 03.7%,generally total number of families increases annually by 2,930 and by 8,791 every three years. FIES Table 2 shows that the highest annual growth rate recorded in given years is approximately 17.23 % in 2003, although its accounted 387,084 total number of families is less than the reportedly surveyed 418,043 families in 1997, which is so far the highest number of families accounted for in the City to date. The estimated double-digit increase in annual growth rate is preceded by the alarming negative growth rate posted at (-21.15%) in year 2000. It further shows that from 1994 to 1997 total number of families increased by 36,016 families in the given time, meaning on an average there are 12,000 families annually. However, the negative growth rate incurred in 2000 reflected a sudden decrease in the total number of the families; approximately 88,405 families by then decided to leave the City. It only proves that out migration is very high from 1998 onwards and it is accounted for 29,468 families every year from 1997 to 2000.

Government

The current mayor for the 2007-2010 term is Alfredo Lim , who is making a comeback following a three-year stint as a Senator. The city mayor is restricted to three consecutive terms, totaling nine years, although he can be elected again after an interruption of one term.Isko Moreno, the city's incumbent vice-mayor, heads the legislative arm composed of the elected city councilors, six from each of the city's six congressional districts.The city is divided into 897 barangays, which are the smallest unit of local government in the Philippines. Each barangay has its own chairperson and councilors. For administrative convenience, all the barangays in Manila are grouped into 100 zones and which are further grouped into 16 administrative districts. These zones and districts have no form of local government.The city further has six representatives popularly elected to the House of Representatives, the lower legislative branch of the Philippines. Each representative represents one of the six Congressional districts of Manila. Current district representatives of the city are Benjamin Asilo (District 1), Jaime C. Lopez (District 2), Zenaida Angping (District 3), Trisha Bonoan - David (District 4), Amado Bagatsing (District 5), Bienvenido Abante (District 6).

POLITICAL:

Alfredo Siojo Lim is the incumbent Mayor of the City of Manila and a former senator of the Philippines. A widower, he first served as mayor of Manila from 1992 to 1998 and returned to that post after winning in the 2007 mayoral election. He took his oath of office on June 30, 2007. Under the governance slogan "Linisin, Ibangon (ang) Maynila" (Clean, Uplift Manila, hence the acronym LIM), he is currently assisted by Manila vice mayor Isko Moreno, who beat Lim's running mate Joey Hizon. Moreno ran with Danny Lacuna, a former Manila vice mayor.

Vice Mayor Francisco Domagoso("Isko Moreno") (2007-2010; (AM/PDP-Laban/GO)

11 POINT AGENDA OF MAYOR LIMALL OUT WAR AGAINST CRIMINALITY (LAW AND ORDER) FIRE PROTECTION PROGRAM HEALTH SECURITY IMPROVEMENT OF EDUCATION LIVELIHOOD OPPORTUNITIES (JOB CREATION)HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL AWAKENING ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND CONSERVATION URBAN PLANNING & REHABILITATION/IMPROVEMENT OF LIFE BRING CITY HALL CLOSER TO CITIZENS TRANSPARENCY IN CITY GOVERNMENTENHANCE SENIOR CITIZENS PROGRAM

Division of City Schools-Manila

a branch of the Department of Education, refers to the city's three-tier public education system It governs:

71 public elementary schools 32 public high schools, 2 public universities namely:

Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng MaynilaUniversidad de Manila (City Colleges of Manila)

CITY COUNCILORS5th District:

Corazon Gernale Cristina Isip Josefina Siscar Raymundo Yupangco Rafael "Che" Borromeo Roderick Valbuena

ARCHDIOCESE OF MANILA

As of 2004, the Archdiocese of Manila has registered a total of 2,719,781 baptized Catholics. The faithful are served by the archdiocese's 475 diocesan and religious priests - with a ratio of 5,725 Catholics per priests, under 85 parishes. The archdiocese also houses 369 male religious and 1,730 female religious engaged in various social, pastoral and missionary works in various areas of the archdiocese.

IMMACULATE CONCEPTION PARISH: San Agustín Church is a Roman Catholic church under the auspices of The Order of St. Augustine, located inside the historic walled city of Intramuros in Manila. Completed by 1607, it is the oldest church currently standing in the Philippines. No other surviving building in the Philippines has been claimed to pre-date San Agustin Church.

San Agustin Church also hosts an image of Our Lady of Consolation (Nuestra Senora de Consolacion y Correa), which was canonically crowned by Manila Archbishop Cardinal Jaime Sin in 2000

RELIGIOUS:

Caritas is the social services and development ministry of the Archdiocese of Manila. Its programs and services are directed towards the total human development of the marginalized people and the promotion of social justice in the light of the Catholic Church's social teachings.

Caritas views development as empowering the poor and giving priority to those no one else serves. It is concerned with addressing the present situation of disadvantaged groups such as urban poor women and children. The measure of its performance lies in its contribution to the improvement in the quality of life of those marginalized

31st Archbishop of 31st Archbishop of ManilaManila

Bishop Bishop Bernardino CortezBernardino CortezAuxiliary Bishop of Auxiliary Bishop of

Manila Manila                                          

Bishop Bishop Broderick S. PabilloBroderick S. PabilloAuxiliary Bishop of Auxiliary Bishop of

ManilaManila                                            

Vision Statement of the Archdiocese of Manila

A people called by the Father in Jesus Christ to become a Community of persons with Fullness of Life witnessing to the Kingdom of God by living the Paschal Mystery in the power of the Holy Spirit with Mary as Companion

Bayang tinawag ng Ama kay Hesukristoupang maging Sambayananng mga taong may Kaganapan ng Buhaysumasaksi sa Paghahari ng Diyosnagsasabuhay ng Misteryo Paskalsa kapangyarihan ng Espiritu Santokasama ang Mahal na Inaang Birheng Maria

Most Rev. Most Rev. Broderick S. Broderick S.

PabilloPabilloBishop-in-ChargeBishop-in-Charge

Fr. Rey Anthony I. Fr. Rey Anthony I. YatcoYatco

MinisterMinister

ARCHDIOCESE OF MANILA ARCHDIOCESE OF MANILA ECOLOGY DESKECOLOGY DESK

(AMED) (AMED)

APOSTLESHIP OF THE SEA (MANILA)APOSTLESHIP OF THE SEA (MANILA)

ARCHDIOCESE OF MANILA, ARCHDIOCESE OF MANILA, OFFICE OF PERSONS WITH OFFICE OF PERSONS WITH

DISABILITIES MINISTRY (AMO-DISABILITIES MINISTRY (AMO-PDM)PDM)

BEC DESK OF THE ARCHDIOCESE BEC DESK OF THE ARCHDIOCESE OF MANILAOF MANILA

CARITAS MANILACARITAS MANILA

DOMUS MARIAEDOMUS MARIAE HANDICAPPED CENTER LOURDES, HANDICAPPED CENTER LOURDES,

INC. INC.

HOSPICIO DE SAN JOSE HOSPICIO DE SAN JOSE

MEDICAL FACILITIES

Manila is home to the office of the World Health Organization in the Philippines, main office of the Department of Health, and several hospitals and medical centersSome of the notable hospitals in the city are the: •Manila Doctors' Hospital and the Philippine General Hospital in Taft Avenue •Chinese General Hospital and Medical Center, Dr. Jose R. Reyes Memorial Medical Center, and San Lazaro Hospital in Santa Cruz •University of Santo Tomas Hospital in Sampaloc •the city-owned Ospital ng Maynila Medical Center in Malate

OTHER HOSPITALSDe Ocampo Memorial Medical Center Gat. Andres Memorial Medical Center Manila Doctors Hospital  Mary Chiles General Hospital  Mary Johnston Hospital Medical Center Manila  Metropolitan Hospital College of Nursing Metropolitan Medical Center  Saint Jude Hospital Seamans Hospital - Intramuros Tondo Medical Center United Doctor's Medical Center Our Lady Of Lourdes Medical Center

National government officesThe City of Manila is the capital of the Philippines and is also the seat of political power in the country. Several key government offices are in Manila such as:

•the Office of the President, •the Supreme Court & the Court of Appeals•the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas •the Departments of Budget and Management, Finance, Health, Justice, Labor & Employment, and Tourism

Manila also hosts important national institutions such as the:•National Library, •National Archives, National Museum •and the Philippine General Hospital

CEMETERIES

Manila Chinese CemeteryLa Loma CemeteryManila North CemeteryManila South Cemetery Paco Park

Tourist Spots in Manila

Plaza San Luis: named after one of the old barrios of Intramuros, this is a cultural-cum-commercial complex currently composed of five houses - Casa Manila, Casa Urdaneta, Casa Blanca, Los Hidalgos and El Hogar Filipino.

Fort Santiago: started in 1571 and completed nearly 150 years later by Filipino forced labor, the pre-Spanish settlement of Rajah Sulayman was a wooden fort on the ashes of which was built the Spanish fortress which was Spain's major defense position in the island. Also known as the "Shrine of Freedom", in memory of the heroic Filipinos imprisoned and killed here during the Spanish and Japanese eras.

Malacañang Palace: from the vernacular "May Lakan Diyan" meaning "There lives a noble man“. Seat of the head of the Government of the Philippines since Spanish times, officially stands on the north bank of the Pasig River whose legendary beauty celebrated in song.

China Town: located along the northern bank of the historic Pasig River symbolizes the long history of the Chinese presence in the Philippines long before the arrival of the Spaniards. The Chinese had been much involved in the business specially the retail trade and have been absorbed in a Philippine life-style.

SOCIAL SERVICES ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

Technological study of BasecoTechnological study of BasecoPresented in this report are the results of the soil investigation and geotechnical evalution carried out on the site of the Baseco Compound, Port Area, Manila on the request of the Pasig River Rehabilitation Commission (PRRC) in conjuction with the Engineering Geological and Geohazards Assessment (EGGAR) to comply with the requirments of the DENR for such project.

Purposes of this undertaking are: a. to obtain subsurface information and to estimate engineering properties of the subsurface materials pertinent to site planning, design of foundations and substructures, b. analysis of the response of the underlying soils to surface loads and earthquake shaking. The findings from this investigation served as an input to the Initial Environmental Assessment being undertaken for the project. This was also carried out in compliance with the requirements of the National Building and Structural Codes of the Philippines.

This report consists of: a. brief description of site and the project, b. program of soils investigation, c. subsurface conditions, d. engineering properties of the underlying soil layers and e. foundation recommendations. Assessment of seismic liquefaction potential is also presented

Project site is located at the mouth of Pasic River in Baseco Compound. Since Baseco’s 56 ha. had been reclaimed from Manila Bay several decades ago for a shipyard, informal settlers over the years had constructed shanties in open areas extending towards the breakwaters that were constructed in later years. Areas that were originally on shallow waters were filled by settlers themselves using all sorts of materials, mostly garbage, to obtain “dry land”.

After the third fire of January 2004, a fire burned down 15 hectares of Baseco, PRRC had offered to develop 3.5 hectares. Low density type of housing project was made consisting of one-story row houses by Gawad Kalinga. Baseco itself is sitting on a delta created by depositions from the Pasig River. A soil exploration conducted by this firm in 1999 offshore of Baseco indicated that the presence of a very soft sediments on top of the hardpan.

The site is perceived as a “high risk” since it is within an area classified as such. Among the geohazards associated with such areas are its high settlement potential and vulnerability to liquefaction.

Lands reclaimed from coastal areas have always been perceived as vulnerable to many geologic hazards. Unmindful of the risks, strategic location of coastal areas and job opportunities continue to draw people to establish homes and businesses in it.

SUBSURFACE INVESTIGATION

To determine the subsurface conditions at the site, 7 boreholes ranging in depth from 25 m to 40m were carried out at locations.

STRATIGRAPHY

LAYER A. The surface materials consist of brown silty sand/sandy silt with particles of hardened silt, possibly from weathered siltstone, that were dumped at the site and compacted under the weight of bulldozers and trucks. Gravel is frequent component; occasionally silty clay, and plastics are quite abundant especially towards the bottom of the layer. These materials extend to dept of 2m below the ground surface. Borings reveals that garbage remained in place after additional site filling was undertaken.LAYER B: Black organic silty clay with shell fragments. There are lenses of sand within this layer which is vulnerable to liquefaction.LAYER C: Very soft dark gray clay continues to prevail with depth distinguished by the absence of sand lenses. Shell fragments persists and pockets of decayed organic materials occur occasionally.LAYER D: The hardpan, sudden increase in stiffness and Standard Penetration Testing (SPT). Change in color to brownish, greenish and light gray mark the transition to this layer.

Bedrock in this area is about 90m deep beyond the limits the borings.

GROUNDWATER

At the time of the investigation, the groundwater was measured at depths ranging from 0.13m to 1.30m depending on the location and time the groundwater readings were taken. Groundwater could be considered to be at sea level. The groundwater is saline as expected of coastal environment.

DESIGN SOIL PROPERTIES

The soil properties poses problems that planners and engineering designers have to contend with:

•Considerable and slow settlement or ground subsidence

•Liquefaction

•Low bearing capacity

GROUND SETTLEMENT

The highly compressible layers, A, B, & C will undergo settlement due to the weight of the overcap and surface loads. These layers are “underconsolidated” because they were still settling under their own weight as indicated by their moisture content which was close to or higher than their liquid limit. The settlement of layers B & C are time dependent and could take years before it ceases. Settlement is going to be uneven because the thickness of the consolidating layers is non-uniform and the compression characteristics of garbage is erratic.

LIQUEFACTION POTENTIAL

During earthquakes some soils are subjected to transient increase in porewater pressure with corresponding loss of shear strength or bearing capacity and permanent decrease in volume. This is referred to as liquefaction. Its occurrence is manifested by ground subsidence, ejection of water and mud from the ground, or sand boils resembling quicksand. In Baseco, liquefaction is a hazard to contend with because it is within areas perceived to be liquefiable.

SOIL IMPROVEMENT AND ANTI-LIQUEFACTION MEASURES

The problems can be dealt with by improving the foundation soils by constructing settlement/earthquake resistant structures. Removal of the problematic soils would be impractical hence in-situ soil improvement techniques may be considered. Total elimination of the threats of liquefaction and settlement would be impossible, hence mitigating measures may be applied on the structures.

PRELOADING: Ideally, reclamation sites are allowed to”settle down” first before any construction is undertaken. Without removing problematic soils, various techniques are available to deal with settlement. One of the techniques is pre-loading in combination with sand drains or wick drains to accelerate settlement. The internal drains would be considered as anti-liquefaction measure to minimize porewater pressure build up during earthquakes. Installation of wick drains (for liquefaction mitigation) is doable even after construction of houses.

OVERCAP: The beneficial effect of the overcap is demonstrated in the liquefaction potential calculations. It shows substantial increase in the factor of safety against liquefaction. A thick overcap would lessen the threat of punching shear of footings into the subsoils during earthquakes.

FOUNDATIONS FOR SINGLE STOREY HOUSES

Single storey row houses can be designed to be earthquake resistant by using a reinforced mat on grade as foundation. Alternatively, the foundation could be a grid of reinforced continuous footings integral with the floor slab. In 1995 earthquake in Kobe, Japan, most residential houses remained intact had this type of foundation.

SEISMIC BEARING CAPACITY

The tendency of the subsoils to loss strength requires a reduction in bearing capacity calculated fro static formulas. Customarily, a 33% increase in bearing capacity is used when seismic loads are included. Where liquefiable subsoils is involved, the effect of the earthquake on the foundation soils is critical and the recommendations to deal with this problem are as follows:

Footings for one-storey concrete building should be placed at depths of not more than .60m BGL and designed for a seismic bearing capacity up to 50kPa. Footings designed for 50 kPa limited to widths of 1.0m to avoid punching shear into the soft subsoils or to excessive settlement due to footing loads.

KEY PROGRAMS/DOCUMENTSKEY PROGRAMS/DOCUMENTS POLICIESPOLICIES

International Plan: MDG: Eradicate International Plan: MDG: Eradicate extreme povertyextreme poverty

General Comment No. 4: On General Comment No. 4: On the Right to Adequate the Right to Adequate Housing (December 1991Housing (December 1991))

National Plan:Beat the OddsNational Plan:Beat the Odds

Socialized Housing ProgramSocialized Housing Program66th of the th of the 10 Point Agenda of PGMA(SONA): 10 Point Agenda of PGMA(SONA): The decongestion of Metro Manila by The decongestion of Metro Manila by forming new cores of government and forming new cores of government and housing centers in Luzon, Visayas and housing centers in Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao,Mindanao,

Urban Development Housing Act (UDHA) 1992Urban Development Housing Act (UDHA) 1992

THE GMA DirectivesTHE GMA Directives

Executive Order No.20, S. 2001Executive Order No.20, S. 2001 – – Reaffirming Mass Housing and Strengthening Reaffirming Mass Housing and Strengthening HUDCCHUDCC

Presidential Proclamation 145 – Baseco HousingPresidential Proclamation 145 – Baseco Housing

EO 131, Series of 2002 – EO 131, Series of 2002 – Transferring Idle Transferring Idle Government Lands to NHA for Socialized Government Lands to NHA for Socialized HousingHousing

MO 74, Series of 2002- MO 74, Series of 2002- Omnibus guidelines Omnibus guidelines for post proclamation activitiesfor post proclamation activities

Numerous Proclamations for regularizing Numerous Proclamations for regularizing informal settlersinformal settlers

Archdiocese of Manila: Caritas & Archdiocese of Manila: Caritas & Pondo ng PinoyPondo ng Pinoy

PCP Church of the PoorPCP Church of the Poor

Caritas: scholarship, livelihood, healthCaritas: scholarship, livelihood, health

Mayor Lim 11 Point Agenda: Urban Mayor Lim 11 Point Agenda: Urban Planning & Planning & Rehabilitation/Improvement of LifeRehabilitation/Improvement of Life

Concreting of roads, making of new Concreting of roads, making of new playgrounds & new school in Basecoplaygrounds & new school in Baseco

Parish & Brgy Baseco officialsParish & Brgy Baseco officials No mandateNo mandate

PROJECT IDENTIFICATION

EFFECT

SCA

USES

POVERTY

laziness No permanent job/casual

Dependent on doleouts

No endurance/

afraid of challenge

Tardy/always late

sickness

hospitalized

Big expenses

Short of money

Poor health condition

illness

Theft/stealing

imprisonment

money

No ambition to own a house/security of tenure

Remain squatters

medicines

indvidualism

Demotion/eviction

No goal/amibition

Mediocre/contented on short

goal

GAMBLING, DRINKING

pastimes Luck or fortune

Dependet/attitude

Life is tough

No ambition/goal

Casual/extra-extra

job only

Uneducated, no fiances to sustain education

hunger

ENDS

ME

AN

S

Higher quality of life

hardworking Stable job/permanent

Independent/self reliant

Patient/ enduring

Prompt/punctual

healthy

productive

Good savings

High standard/quality

of life

Fit/normal health

Long life

Generous/ charitable

Awarded/role model

money

Goal/ ambition to own a house/security of tenure

Owner/secured home

Offer service

Socially responsible citizen

Stable living condition

Principled/result oriented

Broadminded/long term goal

Renewed/converted

Goal directed

Grateful for blessings

Independent/responsible

Life is good/beautiful

Goal oriented

educated, saving for higher goal purpose

Good diet

DESIGN DESIGN SUMMARYSUMMARY

PERFORMANCE PERFORMANCE TARGETS/INDICATTARGETS/INDICATORSORS

MONITORING MONITORING MECHANISMMECHANISM

ASSUMPTIONS (A) ASSUMPTIONS (A) AND AND RISKS (R)RISKS (R)

GOAL : GOAL : REDUCED REDUCED POVERTY IN POVERTY IN BASECOBASECO

-Reduced poverty rate Reduced poverty rate through livelihood through livelihood programs, savings programs, savings mobilization that would mobilization that would increase income & increase income & security of tenure and security of tenure and housing assistance for housing assistance for stability in lifestability in life

Community Community Organizing, Organizing, collaboration with collaboration with government , ngo’s & government , ngo’s & private personsprivate persons

PURPOSE: Total PURPOSE: Total Community Community development in development in programs of programs of values formation, values formation, housing, housing, livelihood, livelihood, education, health, education, health, environment & environment & sanitationsanitation

Better quality of life, no Better quality of life, no informal settlers, clean informal settlers, clean environment, stable life environment, stable life in a community with in a community with complete facilities and complete facilities and amenities are amenities are experiencedexperienced

Community organizing, Community organizing, capacity building in capacity building in partnership with partnership with different stakeholders different stakeholders as government, ngos & as government, ngos & private personsprivate persons

LOGICAL FRAME FOR BASECO

Target Output: Resource Mobilization and Target Output: Resource Mobilization and Legal Legal Contract for the use of the land for Contract for the use of the land for Baseco residents for their Baseco residents for their habitation tenurehabitation tenureImplementation of the Implementation of the Pres.Procl.# 145 to Baseco Pres.Procl.# 145 to Baseco ResidentsResidents

Input:Input:Close coordination and Close coordination and collaboration of different agencies collaboration of different agencies and groups to understand the and groups to understand the situation of Baseco residents and situation of Baseco residents and plans for the sustainable plans for the sustainable development of community development of community organizing and community organizing and community development for them.development for them.PROJECT CORE TEAMPROJECT CORE TEAM

Arch.of Mla, Local & National Arch.of Mla, Local & National Government Unit – the RP Government Unit – the RP Pres., Mayor.etc. Brgy. Govt Pres., Mayor.etc. Brgy. Govt Unit, Augustine Parish, different Unit, Augustine Parish, different Housing Agencies – PRA, NHA, Housing Agencies – PRA, NHA, HUDCC and other govt.& non-HUDCC and other govt.& non-govt agenciesgovt agencies

LOG FRAME continue