She Will Be Loved

• This song was written and

performed by Maroon 5.

• This song is a love song. It

is about a girl and the boy

who loved her.

• Fill in the blanks with the

words you hear and then

we’ll go over the meaning.

She Will Be Loved

• “Beauty queen of only 18”

• Perfect, beautiful and very young

• “He was always there to help her, she always belonged to someone else”

• He loved her but she always loved someone else

• “wound up” – end up somewhere usually by accident

• “don’t mind” – it’s not a big deal, do it willingly

• “Look for the girl with broken smile” – Look for the girl who is hurt

She Will Be Loved

• “Insecure” – no confident, think things are wrong with yourself

• “It’s not always rainbows and butterflies” – it’s not always perfect

• “My heart is full” – I’m in love

• “I know that goodbye means nothing at all, Comes back and begs me to catch her every time she falls”

• She will always ask him for help even when they’re not together

• She expects him to help her when she is sad

She Will Be Loved

• “Please don’t try so hard to say goodbye”

• Let me love you

• Stop fighting the feelings you have for me

• Let’s be together

• “She will be loved” – example of passive voice

• Instead of saying, “He will love her”

• Why passive?

• Because they want to leave the by agent a mystery

• Or it is unclear who will love her

• Message: She will be loved but you don’t know who or when she will be loved. It is up to her.

Voice vs. Tense

• “Voice” means the way an action verb relates to its subject.

• Active voice the subject of the sentence does the action in the verb.

• The batter hit the ball.

• Subject: batter

• Verb: hit

• Object: ball

Voice vs. Tense

• In passive voice, the subject is acted upon by the verb.

• The ball was hit by the batter.

• The original subject of the verb in active voice, the batter, comes after the verb.

• Subject: ball

• Verb: was hit

• Agent: by the batter

Voice vs. Tense

• In the passive sentence, the subject of the active

sentence can also disappear.

• The ball was hit.

• Subject: ball

• Verb: was hit

• Agent: ??? (it’s a mystery) – the read has to figure out

who hit the ball

Voice vs. Tense

• “Tense” refers to time—when did the action happen?

• Passive voice can occur in past, present, and future.

• Negative: place not after the first verb.

• Cooper has not been caught.

• Use present or past progressive passives to describe actions in progress (not finished) at a certain time.

• The suspect is being held in prison. (in progress)

• The robbery occurred while the money was being taken to a bank. (in progress)

Form: Be + Past Participle

Verb Tenses in Passive Voice

Future 'going to'

• Active: My mother is going to wash my clothes.

• Passive: My clothes are going to be washed by my mother.

Future progressive

• Active: My mother will be washing my clothes

• Passive: My clothes will be being washed by my mother.

Future perfect progressive

• Active: My mother will have been washing my clothes.

• Passive: My clothes will have been being washed by my mother.

Don’t usually use

the future

progressive or future

perfect progressive

in passive voice.

Direct vs. Indirect Object

• In these examples, the direct object became the subject.

• However, the indirect object can also become the subject.

• Direct object = what?

• Indirect object = to whom or for whom?

• The F.B.I. gave the money.

• The money was given by the F.B.I.

• The F.B.I. gave Cooper the money.

• Cooper was given the money by the F.B.I.

Why Use Passive Voice?

• When you don’t know who performed the action (agent) or when it is not important to say who.

• The money was stolen.

• Angelina is loved.

• When you want to avoid mentioning the agent.

• All the cake was eaten.

• The vase was broken.

• When you want to focus on the receiver or the result of an action instead of the agent.

• The coffee was made by Louise. (emphasis on receiver)

• The thief was caught by the detective. (emphasis on result)

Using a by phrase = AGENT

• Use a by phrase when the agent is important

• To introduce new information about the agent

• The money was stolen by a person who has a criminal record.

• Angelina is loved by Brad Pitt.

• To give credit to the agent

• The cake was made by Mary.

• The vase was fixed by Tom.

• When the agent is surprising

• All the cake was eaten by the dog.

• The money was found by a little boy.

Exercise 1: Discover the

Grammar pg. 240

1. Some crimes never get solved.

2. A flight attendant was handed a note by a mysterious middle-aged man. Book: A / C

3. None of the other passengers were even aware the plane was being hijacked. A

4. The twenty-dollar bills had all been photocopied by FBI agents. C

5. Only one real clue has been discovered. A

Exercise 1

6. Rotting rubber bands were found along with the

money. A

7. Many investigations believe Cooper had to have

been killed in the jump. Book: C/ A

6. Had to = modal

8. Is there additional information that has not been

divulged? Book: B / A

Exercise 3: Progressive

Passives pg. 241

1. Are being held – “here is breaking news,” right now present

2. Are being questioned – right now present

3. Was being opened – “demanded,” describing the past crime scene

4. Was being helped – “escaped,” describing the past crime scene

5. Are being withheld – “is completed,” right now present

6. Are currently being interviewed – right now present

Modals

• You can use modals in the passive.

• Modal + be + past participle = present passive

• The criminal should be arrested. = present

• Modal + have been + past participle = past passive

• He could have been arrested before this. = past

Modal Use

Modals Use

Have (got) to, Had better, Had to, Must

Ought to, Should

Obligation/ Necessity

Advice

Can , Could Ability (past and present)

Will, Be going to Talk about future events

Can’t, could, may, might Future possibility and

impossibility

Exercise 4: Various Passives

pg. 242

1. Are solved – simple present, fact

2. Haven’t been cracked – present perfect, indefinite time in the past

3. Was sighted – past, fact

4. Was found – past, fact

5. Was determined – past, fact

6. Had been abandoned – past perfect, happened first, the ship was abandoned before no one was found and before everything was determined.

Exercise 4

7. Had been set- past perfect, event happened before

other events in the past

8. Might have been threatened – modal, past

9. Was caused – simple past, fact

10. Has not been proven or proved – present perfect,

indefinite time in the past

11. Was considered – simple past, fact, definite time

Exercise 4

12. Was accompanied – simple past, fact

13. Were received – simple past, fact

14. Have been discovered – present perfect, “since”

15. Could she and Noonan have been killed –modal,

past, question

16. Should not be solved – modal, present

Passive with Get

• More informal & conversational

• Informal writing

• Will that criminal ever be caught?

• Will that criminal ever get caught?

• Our team was beaten in the soccer game.

• Our team got beaten in the soccer game.

• Only used with action verbs.

• More research is needed about the cases of crime.

• Need = non-action, don’t use get

Passive Causative

• Have + object + past participle

• We use causative have when arranging for someone to do something for us.

• They repaired their car. (they did it themselves)

• They had their car repaired. (they arranged for someone to repair it)

• I cut my hair yesterday. (I cut it myself)

• I had my hair cut yesterday. (I went to the hairdresser)

Passive Causative

• We also use causative have when someone does something to us.

• Bill had his money stolen by a thief.

• Here the by agent is mentioned, but it is optional.

• Get is possible instead of have, usually in informal spoken English.

• I'm going to get my car fixed tomorrow.

• I get my car tuned up twice a year.

Be Careful!

• Don’t get the simple past causative confused with the

past perfect.

• Simple past causative: They had the grass cut.

• Meaning: someone cut the grass for them

• Past Perfect: They had cut the grass.

• Meaning: time, they had cut the grass before a

specific time in the past.

Be Careful!

• Passive Causative vs. “To get something done”

• I got the work done by a mechanic.

• What does this sentence mean?

• A mechanic did the work – passive causative

• I got the work done by noon.

• What does this sentence mean?

• I finished the work by 12 pm

• Expression – to get something done, to finish something

Exercise 5: Passive Causative

pg. 243

1. B – had a tooth pulled, had + object + past participle

2. B – had some crime notes typed up, had + object + past participle

3. A – had to review (infinitive), had finished (past perfect)

4. A – had to write (infinitive), had been working on (past perfect progressive), got it done (finished it)

5. B – got some crime pictures microfilmed, got + object + past participle

6. B – had had his income taxes done, had + object + past participle

1. She is getting someone to cut her hair.

1. She is having/getting her hair cut.

2. The decorator will paint our kitchen next week.

1. We will have/get our kitchen painted next week.

3. They washed my car last Saturday.

1. I had/got my car washed last Saturday.

4. A plumber is checking Tom’s pipes at 5.

1. Tom is having/getting his pipes checked at 5.

5. They have installed their central heating.

5. They have had/gotten their central heating installed.

6. Their coat must be washed.

5. They must have their coat washed.

7. They are building a swimming pool in Tom’s cottage.

5. Tom is having/getting a swimming pool built in his cottage.

8. You should go to the doctor’s to test your eyes.

5. You should have your eyes tested.

9. The mechanic is repairing John’s car at the moment.

9. John is having/getting his car repaired at the moment.

10. The jeweller will repair my watch.

9. I will have/get my watch repaired.

11. Someone will publish Susan’s book next January.

9. Susan will have/get her book published next January.

12. I am going to get someone to develop my photos.

9. I am going to have/get my photos developed.

13. They prepared Sheila’s wedding lunch very well.

13. Sheila had her wedding lunch prepared very well.

14. I will ask someone to check the cables.

13. I will have the cables checked.

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