She Figures 2009

European Commission, Research DGFrancesca Crippa

Unit L.4 - Scientific culture and gender issues francesca.crippa@ec.europa.eu

Need of data collection from 1999 Communication Women in Science

She Figures 2003, 2006 – big success, 2006 edition reprinted, She Figures is the publication on women in science in Europe

She Figures 2009 contracted to consortium DULBEA & SOGETI

16 months since August 2008; value € 300,000

Main tasks: Data Collection; Calculation of statistics; Graphs and Text; Layouting and printing

Main deliverables: She Figures leaflet, booklet, CD (Synopsis, PPT, She Figures history, Publications)

The She Figures contract

What’s new in She Figures 2009

New reference year – 2006 and 2007; time evolution with 2002

Improvement of metadata for definition academics/researcher

New detailed description of board for

presidents/leaders/members of research boards + of public

research funds (name, description, amount applied for and

obtained)

Population for EU average now includes 27 MS

New indicators

How were data collected

Statistical Correspondents (30%)

National questionnaires sent by contractors to MS at the beginning of November 2008

Questionnaires were sent back; data were loaded into a new Access database

Running of consistency checks

Contact between She Figures contractors and Statistical correspondents to validate questionnaires

Extraction from NewCronos (70%)

How were data treated

Threshold for EU-average at 60%, in line with ESTAT

Only HC tables used, as all countries had them whereas it was not the case for FTE

Compound annual growth rate in publication and leaflet

New indicators in Ch. 1/2

Distribution of researchers in HES and GOV by sex and age group, 2006

Four age groups: <35; 35-44; 45-54; 55+

Source: ESTAT S&T Statistics

Compound annual growth rates and evolution for PhD in natural science & engineering, 2002-2006

Compound annual growth rates and evolution for researchers in HES, GOV, BES, by field of science

Source: ESTAT

New indicators in Ch. 3/4

Proportion of women in A grades, 2000-2007, and by age groups (12 EU MS)

Distribution of grade A staff across age groups by sex, 2007 (12 EU MS)

Distribution of R&D personnel across occupations in all sectors by sex, 2006 (ESTAT)

Glass Ceiling Index: 2004 and 2007 Source: WiS database

Success rates indicators (evolution, breakdown by fields of science), 2002-2007 (WiS database)

Female Heads of Institutions in HES 2007 (WiS database) Pay-gap in public and private enterprises (ESTAT Structure of

Earnings), also broken down by age

To be improved

Reference population for seniority data: researchers or

academics?

Frascati manual gives definition for researchers

Seniority classification not streamlined yet

Definition of funds

Situation with grade A clear, much less with the other

seniority grades

The date of collection (standpoint)

And now down to business with the data…

45

32

52

5.4

6.2

1.8

3.9 3.7

1.1

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Tertiary educated and employed asprofessionals or technicians (HRSTC)

Employed Scientists & Engineers Total employment

% Women

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

Compound annual growth rate, 2002-2007

% Women, 2007

Compound annual growth rate for women, 2002-2007

Compound annual growth rate for men, 2002-2007

Proportion of women in the EU-27 for total employment, tertiary educated and employed (HRSTC) and scientists and engineers in 2007,

compound annual growth rate for women and men, 2002–2007

44 4443 43

42

39 3937

36 36 3635

33 3332 32 32

30 30 30 3028 28

2726

25

18 18

12

21

4547

49

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

LT LV BG PT HR EE RO SK PL IS ES EL SE TR SI NO HU IT CY FI

EU-27 BE DK IE CZ FR CH M

T AT DE LU NL JP

%

Proportion of female researchers, 2006

Compound annual growth rate for researchers by sex, 2002–

200611

.2

10.0

9.1

7.6

7.5

7.1

6.9

6.9

6.9

6.5

6.5

6.4

6.4

6.3

6.1

5.9

5.9

5.8

5.7

5.1

4.6

4.5

4.4

4.4

4.3

3.1

2.2

0.9

-0.2

5.9

3.7 4.

3

5.1 5.

8

-2.6

3.7 3.8

7.1

5.5

0.0

2.5 2.6

4.4

0.3

3.8 4.1

3.2

4.4

2.5

6.5

0.5

-2.7

2.6

12.312

.8

13.7

2.0

5.7

2.43.

0

4.24.3

6.4

9.1 9.4

0.1

3.6

5.6

-5

0

5

10

15

MT CY LU AT IT DK ES IS

EU-15 NL EL LT TR CH FI

EU-25

EU-27 SK CZ EE DE BE JP RO IE NO PT SI FR BG HU LV PL HR

%

Compound annual growth rate for women, 2002-2006

Compound annual growth rate for men, 2002-2006

Proportion of female PhD (ISCED 6) graduates, 2006

66

6059 57

53 53 53 52 51 50 50 49 49 47 47 47 47 4645 45 44 44 44 43 43

42 41 41 4039 39 38 38

36 36

2725

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

CY PT LT EE IS BG IL IT LV SI PL US HR SK FI RO ES IEEU

-27EU

-25EU

-15 HU DK SE UK AT FR DE TR CH NLNO BE CZ EL JP M

T

%

Compound annual growth rate of PhD graduates (ISCED 6) by

sex, 2002–200619

.2

17.9

12.2

10.9

10.8

10.6

9.9

8.4

8.0

7.9

7.6

6.8

6.8

6.5 6.7

5.9

5.0

4.8

4.4

4.1

4.1

3.5

2.9

1.6

1.4

-3.3

-7.5

10.9

5.1

3.4

2.8

4.8

3.2

3.2

2.9 4.

0

-1.5

5.4

2.9

-0.8

4.0

5.9

-1.2

0.3

2.4

-3.4

1.0

-5.3

1.6

29.2

21.5

19.4

0.5

-5.5

0.6

4.9

13.9

29.2

11.0

10.2

10.5

4.4

2.8

-10

-5

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

IT IE HR PT SK CZ BG RO PL LV CH SI JP US

EU-27

EU-25

EU-15 BE TR FR UK DE NL

NO SE AT ES FI DK HU LT EE

%

Women Men

Proportion of men and women in a typical academic career, students and

academic staff, EU-27, 2002/2006

59

36

18

41

64

82

41 40

33

16

45 4448

55

55 5652

45

58

46

54

84

67

605954

46 42

0

20

40

60

80

100

ISCED 5A Students ISCED 5A Graduates ISCED 6 Students ISCED 6 Graduates Grade C Grade B Grade A

%

Women 2006 Men 2006 Women 2002 Men 2002

Proportions of men & women in a typical academic career in science and engineering,

students and academic staff, EU-27, 2002/2006

3134

36 3633

22

11

6966

64 6467

78

89

8

92

17

29

363330

34

83

71

676466

70

0

20

40

60

80

100

ISCED 5A Students ISCED 5A Graduates ISCED 6 Students ISCED 6 Graduates Grade C Grade B Grade A

%

Women 2006 Men 2006 Women 2002 Men 2002

Proportion of women in grade A academic positions, 2002/2007

28

26

23

22

21 20 20

19 19 19 19 19 18 18 18 17 17 17 17 17

14 14

13 13 12 12

9

2

26

23

20

11

20

9

14

16 16 16

17

16

14

15 15

17

12 12

9

11 10

8

10

8 8

6

2

1010

111111

29

24

32

9

25

15

17

1818

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

RO LV TR HR BG FI CH PT PL SK FR HU ISEU

-27 IT ES NO SE UKEU

-25EU

-15 EE SI LT AT CZ IL DK DE EL NL BE IE CY LU MT

%

2007 2002

Glass Ceiling Index, 2004/2007

2.8

2.3

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.1

2.1

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

1.9

1.9

1.9

1.9

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.5

1.5

1.5

3.7

2.5

2.3

2.4

3.1

2.9

2.4

2.2

2.1 2.

3

2.0 2.2

1.9 2.2

2.0

1.7 1.9 2.0

1.8

1.8

1.7

11.7

1.8

1.8

3.0

1.21.31.5

3.7

2.3

3.8

1.9 2.02.

6

1.31.41.

8

3.2

1.82.

3

2.3

0

2

4

6

8

10

12%

2007 2004

Proportion of women on boards, 2007

49

45 44

3837 37 36

28 2725 25 24

22 22 22 21 2120 20 20 19

18 1817

12 12 11 11

7

4

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50%

Proportion of female heads of institutions in the HES, 2007

2019

18

16 15 14 14 14 13 13 13 13 1211

9 9 98 8 7 7 6 5

0

7

2527

32

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

NO SE FI IT EE IS IL CZEU

-15 CYEU

-25EU

-27 CH PL HR LV BE TR LT HU DE BG NL RO AT SK DK LU

%

If you have feedback, or questions, email

francesca.crippa@ec.europa.eu

Thank you for your attention!