Sharon Stenberg Psicopathy
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Sharon Sternberg
Psychopathy
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What is Psychopathy?
A personality disorder in which an individual manifests immoral and antisocial behavior,
lack of ability to love or establish meaningful personal relationships, extreme egocentricity (self-centeredness), failure to
learn from experience, etc.
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A Brief HistoryIt has been anecdotally recognized for
centuries.Evidence for psychopathy has been found in
literary, historical, political, and religious texts.
It has also been found cross-culturally.Philippe Pinel is thought to have created the
first written record for psychopathy in the mid 1800’s.
In 1941 Hervey Cleckley became the first to catalogue psychopathy's specific traits.
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Hare’s PsychopathyPsychopaths are:-Personality Wise (Primary Psychopathy):
callous, manipulative, glib, lack anxiety and remorse…
-Behavior Wise (Secondary Psychopathy): impulsive, antisocial, poor behavioral controls.
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Psychopathy differs from other personality disorders in 3 distinct ways:
1)Arrogant interpersonal style2)Deficient affective experience
3)Impulsive behavioral style
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Snakes in SuitsNot neurotic or psychotic; they are calm,
cool, and collected.Excessive users of Instrumental
Aggression.Cyclical behavior patterns.Under-aroused nervous systems.
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Psychopathic CharacteristicsPsychopaths lie A LOT.However, although they lie easily, they
openly contradict themselves from one sentence to the next.
They blame others for their own downfalls.They look out for “numero uno”.
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Impulsivity
“One of our subjects, who scored high on the Psychopathy Checklist, said that while
walking to a party he decided to buy a case of beer, but realized that he had left his
wallet at home six or seven blocks away. Not wanting to walk back, he picked up a heavy piece of wood and robbed the nearest gas station, seriously injuring the attendant”
(Hare, 1995, pg. 58-59)
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Criminal activities
The typical criminal psychopaths begin criminal behavior at a young age and continue until around 40 years of age,
where the number of crimes decreases.
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Psychopathy, Recidivism, and Drug AbuseWithin a year of release, psychopaths are 3
times more likely than non-psychopathic inmates to recidivate and 3 to 5 times more likely to recidivate violently.
Smith and Newman found those with psychopathy were significantly more likely than non-psychopathic offenders to meet diagnoses of alcoholism, drug disorders, and polysubstance abuse.
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Psychopathy and Therapy• Psychopaths have self-inflated images and
are generally happy with themselves.• This results in low motivation to do well in
therapy and early drop out rates.• They can also pick up on a variety of
reasons to justify their behavior.
“These programs are like a finishing school. They teach you how to put the squeeze on
people”
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Snakes in Skirts?Female Psychopathy- More rare than male psychopathy.- Make up an estimated 15% of incarcerated
female population.- Less violent than male psychopaths.- Lower rate of recidivism than male
psychopaths.
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“Successful” PsychopathsNever indulge in serious criminal behavior
(or never are caught).Excel in business.CEO’s, politicians, etc.
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Prevalence1 in every 100 people in the U.S.2 in every 100 people in Britain Mostly malesMake up an estimated 20% of the
incarcerated male population
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Theories of PsychopathyPsychopathy has been attributed to:
Genes, Society (such as an abusive home-life), Environmental Insult (as in birth
complications, brain damage, or physical anomalies), Molecular Neuroscience (like abnormal serotonin levels in the brain),
Amygdale Dysfunction, Frontal Lobe Dysfunction, Cognitive Dysfunction, and
other causes…
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Restrictions to PsychopathyChild psychopaths
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Measures of PsychopathyThe Golden Standard: The Psychopathy
Check List (PCL-R) by Hare- Two factor structure of psychopathy:
Personality and Behavior. - 20 item clinical interview, accompanied
with review of criminal and health records.- Score of 30 or higher indicates
psychopathy
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A divide in the community
Psychopathy ASPD
1) Arrogant interpersonal style
2) Deficient affective experience
3) Impulsive behavioral style
A pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others occurring since age 15 years, as indicated by three (or more) of the following:
- Failure to conform to social norms;
- Deceitfulness; - Impulsivity or failure to plan
ahead; - Irritability and aggressiveness;- Reckless disregard for safety
of self or others; - Consistent irresponsibility; and- Lack of remorse
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But….80% of the United States prison population
meets the diagnostic criteria for ASPD, while only 15 to 25% meet the criteria for
psychopathy as designated by the Psychopathy Checklist Revised (PCL-R)
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ConclusionsAlthough psychopathy has been around for
many years, little is empirically known around it.
Even though it deals with a tiny portion of the population, knowing more about psychopathy is crucial for their safety and ours.