Shaping Nations: Objective: to examine how the burghers, middle class, gains power to help create...
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Transcript of Shaping Nations: Objective: to examine how the burghers, middle class, gains power to help create...
Shaping Nations:
Objective: to examine how the burghers, middle class, gains power to help create England and France
John DIESwhat happens to England?
• 1216-1272 marks more losses to France • Henry III reign = conflict with barons and France• 1272 marks a turning point: Edward I (1272-
1307)-he improved administration and strengthened the royal courts.
• Edward’s law shifts the power back to King by limited baron’s power-Edward sees the shift in tax base with the growth of towns….
What does Edward do?
• Taxes burgesses-easier than to tax barons• He adds burgesses to the King’s Great Council• 1295 Model Parliament=two burgesses from
every borough and two knights from every county serve in parliament (legislative group)
• Edward said “what effects all should be approved of all” his way of getting funding for war with France for land
A century of progress
• Parliament used between 1300-1400 for tax approval
• Gradually the knights and burgesses form “House of Commons” whereas the bishops and nobles were the “House of Lords” groups met separately
• Under Edward Parliament weakened the nobility (knights & burgesses usually sided with King)
• Still takes 200 more years to break feudalism and become a nation
France-Phillip IV & the Estates General
• 1302 king quarreled with pope. (Boniface VIII)• Philip the Fair (handsome dude) decides to
include middle class in his council to gain an advantage over the pope. Creating Third Estate
• First Estate = Church leaders • Second Estate = Great lords• Third Estate (Philip’s creation)
delegates/representatives from middle class
The Third Estate
• Showed growing power of townspeople• Helps increase Royal power over nobility• Estates never became independent power
that limited King
Nation-States
• 1300 France and England slowly taking geographic and political shape
• For the next 600 years borders created• Politically government centralized by limiting noble
power, increasing King’s power and the growing power of the middle class
• Nation-states = group of people who occupy a definite territory and are united under one government. They are culturally united-speaking same language and having a feeling of belonging and loyalty to their country.