Shams ppt 3940

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Transcript of Shams ppt 3940

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Presented to : Dr Munazza Ambreen

Presented by: Shams ud din

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INDIVIDUALIZED INSRTUCATION; BASIS FOR DEALING WITH INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES

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Individualized instruction is a method of instruction in which content, instructional technology (such as materials) and pace of learning are based upon the abilities and interests of each individual learner.

One to one instruction to meet the particular student’s needs

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CONT……….

Individualized instruction involves promoting student choice, curriculum integration, differentiated learning, and self-assessment that engage students deeply in learning.

(Brown, 2002).

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CONT……… Individual method provides for an

individual child, facilities of instructions, keeping in view his need, intelligence, and motivation ,rate of learning, capacity and aim of life.

It would bring confidence, self respect and self-reliance in children.

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CHARACTERISTICS It is a method of individualized instruction Instructional material is logically sequenced It has adequate provision for feed-back  Interaction between the learner and the

learning material is very important Provides self-pacing to the learner Provides continuous evaluation

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INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCEINTRODUCTIONThe psychology of individual

differences is concerned with the systematic study of intelligence and abilities associated with personality of learner, learning styles and needs and interests of learner

It is these differences that are entitled as ‘individual differences” in the languages of sociology and psychology.

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CONTI… Learning is most effective when

differences in learner’s language, cultural, and social behaviour are taken into account.

A teacher should be sensitive to individual differences.

A teacher’s challenge is to acknowledge and celebrate the differences among children and work to maximize the growth in each child Authentic

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NATURE OF INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES

1. Inter-personal differences2. Intra-personal differences3. Inter-group differences4. Intra-group differences

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TYPES OR VARIETIES OF INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES

Physical or physiological differences

Psychological differences

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COOPERATIVE LEARNING. Cooperative learning is an

instructional strategy in which students are placed in heterogeneous groups. In my opinion, cooperative learning is one of the best researched educational innovations of the last two decades. When implemented properly, it can have dramatic effects on student achievement.

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LEARNING-STYLES “Even the slowest and more reluctant reader can learn to

read well when taught according to their individual learning styles”

(Mariacarbo,2003) According to this learners differ in their styles of

learning, those styles are assessed and that knowledge of styles help both learner and teacher.

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MASTERY LEARNING Mastery Learning. A strategy for dealing

with individual differences among students is to change the system within which instruction is provided. This is the strategy used by mastery learning

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MASTERY LEARNING

ML includes the following six steps:Clearly specified learning objectivesShort and valid assessment proceduresSpecific mastery standardsSequence of learning procedureProvision of feedbackProvision of extra time and help on

errors.

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INDIVIDUALIZING INSTRUCTIONS1. The size of the class or section should be as

small as possible.2. The teacher should try to pay individual

attention the group under instruction.3. The teacher should keep in view the individual

differences of his students while engaging them in drill or practice work in classroom or assigning home task

4. In case ability grouping is not possible and more specifically under the prevalent system of class teaching, special coaching and guidance programme for both the dull and gifted children is most helpful

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CONCLUSIONindividualized instruction is logically the best way to deal with individual differences, in practice it is very difficult to accomplish

Individual Differences in learning

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REFERENCES1. Abbass M, Nadeem M, Naseem Z.Module II:

LEARNER’S PSYCHOLOGY . Professional Competency Enhancement Program for Teachers (PCEPT). NATIONAL ACADEMY OF HIGHER EDUCATION (NAHE). Learning Innovation Division Higher Education Commission (HEC).Islamabad

2. Education Psychology. Canadian association. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd.

3. Ormrod J.E. Educational psychology : Developing learners. Fourth edition; Upper Saddle River. Merrill Prentice Hall: 2003

4. Retrieved from http://www.mu.ac.in/myweb_test/SYBA%20Study%20Material/edu-II%20psycho.pdf on 19th November 2013.

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