SGCC Peer Connect: Smart Grid HAN...

SGCC Peer Connect: Smart Grid

HAN Standards

April 26, 2012

Today‟s Presenters

Robby Simpson, PhD System Architect

GE Digital Energy

Patty DurandExecutive Director

Smart Grid Consumer

Collaborative

John McDonaldDirector, Technical Strategy

and Policy Development

GE Digital Energy

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Agenda

1. SGCC & Standards

2. Presentation by Robby Simpson:

• What is the Smart Grid HAN? (Bigger Picture)

• (Some) Key Initiatives

• HAN Standards and Technologies

• Potential Products and Applications

3. Takeaways & Q&A

SGCC & Standards

• Where do standards fit in?

• Leveraging SGCC‟s membership

• GE Digital Energy‟s Director of Technical Strategy and Policy Development – John McDonald

Name Background

Robby Simpson,

PhD

System Architect - GE Digital Energy

• Member of the Board of Directors and Vice President of

Smart Energy with the HomePlug Powerline Alliance

• Chair of the ZigBee Alliance Smart Energy Profile 2 working

group

• Member of the Smart Grid Interoperability Panel (SGIP)

Governing Board

• PhD, in Electrical and Computer Engineering from

Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, GA.

• B.S. in Computer Engineering from Clemson University in

Clemson, SC.

Smart Grid Home Area Networks

8

Copyright 2012 General Electric Company

Outline

• What is the Smart Grid HAN? (Bigger Picture)

• (Some) Key Initiatives

• HAN Standards and Technologies

• Potential Products and Applications

• Q&A

What is the Smart Grid

HAN?

(Bigger Picture)

10


System Architecture

11


Residential vs. Commercial and Industrial (C&I)

• Original focus has been on residential HAN

• Some debate on need for two protocols or one

• “Transactive” pricing and energy use often discussed for C&I

• Focus on protocols “inside the HAN” vs. “to the HAN”

• C&I already has some established technologies:

• BACnet

• LonWorks

(Some) Key Initiatives

13


Open Standards

Now no longer largely debated, but has been in the past

Many benefits, including:

• Multiple sources/suppliers

• Ease of integration (including internal)

• Prevents vendor lock-in

• Lessens local variation

14


Internet Protocol (IP)

Technology that led to the explosion of the Internet

Largely debated in the past in AMI, substation automation, and HAN


• Internetworking – mixing various MAC/PHY technologies

• Availability of COS products

• Vast labor pool

• Advantage of hard-won wisdom (particularly in security) of Internet community

• Eases convergence

15


IP in the HAN

ZigBee IPWiFi

Ethernet

HomePlug

PLC

16


IEC Common Information Model (CIM)

Common “dictionary” for Smart Grid – semantics

IEC 61968 / 61970 – IEC TC57


• Common model across smart grid

• Decoupled from underlying technologies – allows flexibility for future technology changes

• Eases convergence

HAN Standards and

Technologies

18


ZigBeeWireless Mesh

• Low power (gas meter, battery-powered thermostats)

• Low cost

• Lower speed (~150 kbps)

• IEEE 802.15.4

• Traditionally a turn-key solution, also providing:

• ZigBee Stack (ZigBee PRO, ZigBee IP, …) –meshing is hard

• Application Layer “Profile” (SEP 1.x, HA, …)

• Supported by ZigBee Alliance, with ~400 members and many vendors in all levels of the supply chain

• Large utility support, with approximately 40 million meters under contract

19


Wi-FiWireless Star

• Medium to high energy use

• Appears to still be more costly than ZigBee, especially given the economies of scale

• Higher speeds (10 – 54 Mbps)

• Suite of IEEE 802.11 technologies (a, b, g, n)

• Traditionally solely focused on “MAC/PHY,” running typical protocols and applications (such as IP and HTTP)

• Supported by Wi-Fi Alliance, with ~400 members and many vendors in all levels of the supply chain

• Enormous adoption in the consumer electronics space

• Some utility interest, though no meter support to my knowledge, for instance

20


HomePlugPowerline Communication

• Variety of technologies:

• HomePlug AV

• Higher cost

• Higher speed (~200 Mbps)

• IEEE 1901

• HomePlug Green PHY

• Lower cost

• Lower to medium speed (~10 Mbps)

• Subset (and interoperable with) IEEE 1901

• Traditionally solely focused on “MAC/PHY,” running typical protocols and applications (such as IP and HTTP)

• Supported by HomePlug Alliance, with ~60 members and many vendors in all levels of the supply chain

• Some adoption in the consumer electronics space

• Some utility interest, some meter deployment, interest in “MDU issue”

• Great interest from auto manufacturers for plug-in electric vehicles

http://www.homeplug.org/

21


Smart Energy Profile• Application-layer profile – a collection of standards where options and configurations are

specified (for instance, prepayment support) with the intention of leading to interoperability and managing embedded device constraints

• Focus on communications related to efficiency, usage, price communication, demand response and load control, and messaging

• Range of backhaul (AMI, Internet, etc.) bandwidths and cost kept in mind during development

• Developing with several organizations including:

• ZigBee Alliance

• HomePlug Powerline Alliance

• Wi-Fi Alliance

• EPRI

• SunSpec Alliance

• SAE

• IETF

• UCAIug

• 40+ million meters with ZigBee and/or HomePlug currently under contract, from a variety of the major North American and international meter manufacturers

• Robust testing and certification program with logoing

22


Smart Energy Profile versions1.0 (Publicly Released June 2008)

Certified Products available today

Designed only for ZigBee stack

Support for Price Communication, Demand Response and Load Control, Messaging, and Metering (as well as security and basic information such as time)

1.1 (Publicly Released July 2011)

Incremental enhancements to 1.0 including Prepayment and Billing Information

For support of existing deployments and pilots

*** Development on 1.x may continue after 2.0 is released ***

2.0 (In Development, Subject to Change)

Wireless and Wired (Link Layer Agnostic)

Designed for IP stack, RESTful HTTP

Harmonization with IEC 61968 (CIM) and 61850

Continuing to add new features (PEV support, MDU support, etc.)

23


SEP 2.0 Key Documents andDatesWithin ZigBee, specifications are not considered to be complete until there are Certified Products

Market Requirements Document (MRD) - COMPLETE

Technical Requirements Document (TRD) - COMPLETE

0.7 version of Application Specification (Interop-Ready) –COMPLETE

Interop Testing / Gating Begins - ~7 months

0.9 version of Application Specification (Certification-Ready) –30 days

Certification Testing - ~2 months

Final Specification (Certified Products) – Done!

24


SEP 2.0 Current Status

• SEP 2.0 Application Specification (App Spec):

• Last ballot received ~4000 comments

• Several face-to-face meetings (typically once per month)

• Several interoperability events (typically once per month)

• Most, if not all, contentious items thought to be resolved

• CSEP established

• Joint testing and certification organization between HomePlug, Wi-Fi, ZigBee, and others

25


OpenADR

C&I Application

• Still in early stages

• Little industry support (but growing)

• Original support primarily in California, LBNL, and Honeywell

• Focused on “transactive” energy use

• OpenADR 1.0 from LBNL

• OpenADR Alliance formed to create OpenADR 2.0 very recently

26


Green Button

Batch Download

• Still in early stages, but moving quickly

• Based on NAESB ESPI standard

• White House initiative

• Provides access to bulk energy usage information

• In process of developing testing and certification plans

• Supported by new SGIP PAP

Potential Products and

Applications

28


Device Types (from SEP 2.0)

ESI (Energy Services Interface) – can be integrated into utility meter (often the case) or standalone

In-Premises Display

PCT (Programmable Communicating Thermostat)

Load Control Devices (Pool Pumps, Water Heaters, Appliances, Lighting, etc.)

Plug-In Vehicles

Inverters

“Dumb” devices (Refrigerator Magnet, Glowing Orb, etc.)

29


(Some) Function Sets (from SEP 2.0)Pricing Communication

Demand Response and Load Control

Metering / Energy Usage Information

Messaging

Pre-Payment

Confirmation

Plug-In Electric Vehicles

Distributed Energy Resources

Billing

Registration

Firmware Download

Basic, Time, Commissioning, Power Configuration, etc.

Takeaways & Questions

Robby Simpson, PhD System Architect

GE Digital [email protected]

Patty DurandExecutive Director

Smart Grid Consumer

[email protected]

John McDonaldDirector, Technical Strategy

and Policy Development

GE Digital [email protected]

Thank you! You will receive a copy of the slides to the email

you used to register.

Backup Slides

33


Z-WaveWireless Mesh

• Very similar to ZigBee, basically directly competing

• Low power (gas meter, battery-powered thermostats)

• Low cost

• Lower speed (~40 kbps)

• Traditionally a turn-key solution, also providing:

• Stack – meshing is hard

• Application Layer “Profile”

• Largely supported by a single company (pseudo-open / pseudo-proprietary)

• Large presence in home automation

• Little to no support from utilities

SEP 2.0

35


Security

Application layer security built around TLS

May also have link layer security

Think „https‟

Certificates

• Have agreed on a specific ECC cipher suite as the mandatory cipher suite for interoperability

• Have agreed on a specific RSA cipher suite as an optional cipher suite for interoperability

36


Application Transport

HTTP – the web protocol we all know and love

Used to interact with „resources‟ in a „RESTful‟ manner

• 4 verbs: GET, PUT, POST, DELETE

Driven by desire to have a long-lived protocol and a familiar protocol for consumer interactions

37


Name Resolution

mDNS – Multicast DNS

Familiar to many via Apple Bonjour

Enable DNS names without the need for a centralized DNS server

Used in conjunction with DNS-SD to provide device and service discovery

38


Device and Service Discovery

DNS-SD, used in conjunction with mDNS

Service Discovery

• Types and Sub-Types

Essentially just DNS TXT records

“Give me all smartenergy devices”

“Give me all smartenergy metering devices”

Returns various information such as path

39


Application Payload Format

Message format of the HTTP resources

Still TBD, but likely EXI – Efficient XML Interchange

• Tokenized XML

• W3C standard

40


Semantic Model

CIM, the Common Information Model

The “what”

• Metering, Pricing, etc.

IEC standard (61968/61970)

UML -> Schema -> Resources

Exposed via RESTful model

SEP 2.0 defines URI structure

SGCC Peer Connect: Smart Grid HAN...

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