Sewerage System and Related Schemes, Rajmahal Rajmahal ...documents.worldbank.org/curated/pt/... ·...

JUNE 2015

Sewerage System and Related Schemes, RajmahalRajmahal Nagar Panchayat

FINAL “ESIA-EMP REPORT”

Consultancy Services for preparation of City Sanitation Plan,Feasibility Report and Detailed Project Report for Sewerage and

Related Schemes for Rajmahal Nagar Panchayat JharkhandUnder National Ganga River Basin Authority

WAPCOS LIMITED(A Government of India Undertaking)

76-C, Sector-18, Gurgaon-122015, Haryana, INDIATel. 0124 2397396, Fax. 0124 2397392Email: [email protected]

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ESIA - EMP Report - Sewerage and RelatedSchemes, Rajmahal

CONTENTS

ESIA-EMP Report Sewerage and Related Schemes, Rajmahal

i

C O N T E N T S

S.No. Description Page No.Contents i - xiiiList of Annexure vList of Figures viList of Tables viiAbbreviations ix

CHAPTER - 1 INTRODUCTION 1-1 to 1-41.1 Background 1-11.2 Ganga Clean Up Initiatives 1-11.3 The Ganga River Basin Project 1-21.3.1 World Bank Assistance 1-21.4 Project Components 1-21.4.1 Component One : Institutional Development 1-21.4.2 Component Two : Investment Sectors 1-21.4.3 The Framework Approach 1-31.4.4 Investment Execution 1-31.4.5 Rehabilitation of Existing Infrastructure 1-31.5 Structure of Report 1-4

CHAPTER - 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2-1 to 2-222.1 About the City 2-12.2 Existing Sewerage Facilities in Rajmahal Town 2-12.3 Existing Water Supply Schemes in Rajmahal Town 2-42.4 Necessity of This Project 2-52.5 Location of Proposed Sewerage Project 2-62.6 Proposed Sewerage Scheme 2-62.6.1 Components of Proposed Sewerage Work 2-92.6.2 Proposed Low Cost Sanitation 2-162.6.3 Drain Lining 2-162.7 Construction Methodology 2-172.7.1 Construction 2-172.7.2 Excavation 2-172.7.3 Placing and Compaction of Fill and Backfill 2-172.7.4 Disposal of Surplus Material 2-182.7.5 Dewatering of Excess Water 2-18


ii

S.No. Description Page No.2.7.6 Shoring 2-182.7.7 Bedding 2-182.7.8 Trenchless Technology 2-182.8 Implementation Schedule 2-192.9 Financing 2-202.10 Land Details 2-21

CHAPTER – 3 APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY 3-1 to 3-133.1 Methodology 3-13.2 Screening Activity for Project Impact Assessment 3-33.3 Conclusion of Screening Activity 3-12

CHAPTER - 4 REGULATIONS AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK 4-1 to 4-64.1 Applicable Laws and Regulations – Environmental 4-14.1.1 Legal Framework of Government of India 4-14.1.2 Key Environmental Laws and Regulations 4-14.2 Applicable Laws and Regulations – Social 4-24.2.1 National Policies and Acts 4-24.2.2 The Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in

Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and ResettlementAct, 2013

4-3

4.3 Other Legislations Applicable to Construction ProjectsUnder NGRBP

4-4

CHAPTER - 5 BASELINE STATUS 5-1 to 5-345.1 Introduction 5-15.2 Baseline Environmental Aspects 5-15.2.1 Physiography 5-15.2.2 Climate 5-15.2.3 Geology 5-35.2.4 Hydrogeology 5-55.2.5 Soils 5-55.2.6 Seismicity 5-75.2.7 Surface Water Quality 5-95.2.8 Ground Water Quality 5-105.2.9 Ambient Air Quality 5-135.2.10 Noise Environment 5-165.2.11 Water Environment 5-19


iii

S.No. Description Page No.5.2.12 Storm Water Drainage 5-195.2.13 Solid Waste Management 5-205.2.14 Strom Drainage Sediments 5-215.2.15 Biological Environment 5-225.2.16 Flora 5-235.2.17 Fauna 5-275.3 Baseline Social Status 5-285.3.1 Population and Demographic Profile 5-295.3.2 Caste Profile 5-305.3.3 Literacy Levels 5-315.3.4 Occupational Profile 5-325.3.5 Cultural Activities 5-335.3.6 Infrastructure Facilities 5-33

CHAPTER - 6 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS 6-1 to 6-146.1 Introduction 6-16.2 Environmental Impacts 6-16.2.1 Design and Development Phase 6-26.2.2 Impacts During Construction Phase 6-46.2.3 Impacts During Operation Phase 6-96.3 Social Impacts 6-106.3.1 Social Impacts During Construction Phase 6-116.3.2 Social Impacts During Operation Phase 6-126.4 Conclusions 6-13

CHAPTER - 7 MITIGATION AND MANAGEMENT PLAN 7-1 to 7-407.1 Environmental Management Plan 7-17.1.1 Implementation of EMP Specific Activities by

Rajmahal Nagar Panchayat7-1

7.1.2 Specific Activities by Contractor 7-17.2 Implementation of EMP 7-17.3 Environmental Monitoring Plan 7-297.4 EMP Budget 7-32

CHAPTER - 8 SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT OUTCOMES ANDISSUES

8-1 to 8-13

8.1 Introduction 8-18.2 Public Consultation and Focus Group Discussion 8-1


iv

S.No. Description Page No.8.3 Stakeholder Consultation 8-78.4 Social Development Outcomes of the Sub-Project 8-118.5 Social Development Issues in Project vicinity and

Social Services to be Provided by the Project8-12

CHAPTER - 9 CONCLUSIONS 9-1 to 9-1


v

LIST OF ANNEXURES

Annexure No. Description Page No.Annexure –I Sewerage Network Zone-I IAnnexure –II Sewerage Network Zone-2 IIAnnexure –III Sewerage Network Zone-3 IIIAnnexure –IV Sewerage Network Zone-4 IVAnnexure –V Needed Land Details of Various Components in

RajmahalV - VI

Annexure –VI Photographs of Sewage Treatment Plants and SewagePumping Stations

VII - VIII

Annexure –VII Layout Plan of Sewage Treatment Plants and SewagePumping Stations

IX - XI

Annexure –VIII Soil Quality Test Report XII - XVAnnexure –IX Water Quality Test Report XVI - XXIXAnnexure –X Air Quality Test Report XXX - XLVAnnexure –XI Drain Quality Test Report XLVI - XLVIIIAnnexure –XII Letter for Solid Waste Allotment Site XLIX - LIAnnexure –XIII Drain Sediment Quality Test Report LII - LXIIIAnnexure –XIV Detailed Estimate for Temporary Toilets for Labour LXIVAnnexure –XV Areas for Reuse in Rajmahal LXVAnnexure –XVI Questionnaire LXVI - LXVIIIAnnexure –XVII Attendance Sheet & Participants Details LXIX - LXXAnnexure –XVIII Attendance Sheet of Rajmahal Nagar Panchayat

Ward CounselorsLXXI


vi

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure No. Description Page No.Figure-2.1 Drains flowing through Rajmahal 2-2Figure-2.2 Rajmahal Sewerage Project Location 2-6Figure-2.3 Rajmahal Zones Showing Location of SPS, MPS, STP 2-7Figure-2.4 Implementation / Construction Schedule of Various Activities

for Proposed Project in Rajmahal2-20

Figure 3.1 Flowchart Describing the Steps Adopted for Project ImpactAssessment

3-1

Figure-5.1 Month-wise Variation of Max. and Min. Temperature in ProjectArea

5-2

Figure-5.2 Month-wise Rainfall Received in the Project Area District 5-3Figure-5.3 Month-Wise Variations in Humidity in Project Area District 5-3Figure-5.4 Geological Map of the Project Area and its Vicinity 5-4Figure-5.5 Soil Map of the Project Area and its Vicinity 5-6Figure-5.6 Soil Sampling Locations in Rajmahal 5-7Figure-5.7 Seismic Zoning Map of India 5-8Figure-5.8 Surface and Ground Water Sampling Locations in Rajmahal

Town5-9

Figure-5.9 Pre-Monsoon and Post-Monsoon Ground Water Level inRajmahal

5-11

Figure-5.10 Location of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations in StudyArea

5-14

Figure-5.11 Sampling Location for Noise Monitoring Stations in Study Area 5-18Figure-5.12 Forest Cover of Rajmahal 5-23Figure-5.13 Forest and Natural Vegetation in Project Area 5-27Figure-5.14 Distance of Various Wildlife Sanctuaries from Project Area 5-28Figure-5.15 Demographic Profile in the Rajmahal Nagar Panchayat 5-30Figure-5.16 Caste Profile in the Rajmahal Nagar Panchayat 5-31Figure-5.17 Literacy Profile in the Rajmahal Nagar Panchayat 5-32Figure-5.18 Occupational Profile in the Rajmahal Nagar Panchayat 5-33Figure-5.19 Infrastructure Facilities in Rajmahal 5-34Figure-8.1 Awareness About the Project 8-4Figure-8.2 Response on the Present Sanitation Condition in Town 8-4Figure-8.3 Response on the Sewer Connections in Town 8-5Figure-8.4 Response on Improving Sanitation Status of the Town 8-6Figure-8.5 Response on Future Scenario in the Absence of Sewerage

System8-6


vii

LIST OF TABLES

Table No. Description Page No.Table -2.1 Discharge of drains flowing through Rajmahal town 2-2Table -2.2 Summary of sewerage network in Zone-1 2-7Table -2.3 Summary of sewerage network in Zone-2 2-8Table -2.4 Summary of sewerage network in Zone-3 2-8Table -2.5 Summary of sewerage network in Zone-4 2-8Table -2.6 Influent Sewage Characteristics 2-9Table -2.7 Size Wise Details of the Sewers Proposed 2-9Table -2.8 Comparison of Various Options Studied 2-10Table -2.9 Location of Various Pumping Stations 2-11Table -2.10 Details of Intrmediate Pumping Stations in Zone-1 2-12Table -2.11 Details of Intermediate Pumping Stations in Zone-2 2-12Table -2.12 Details of Intermediate Pumping Stations in Zone-3 2-12Table -2.13 Details of Main Pumping Stations in Zone-4 2-12Table -2.14 NRCD Standards for Discharge of Effluent into River 2-13Table -2.15 Capacity of Sewage Treatment Plant for year 2027 2-13Table -2.16 Land Requirement for Various Processes 2-13Table -2.17 Comparison of Life Cycle of Various Treatment Processes 2-14Table -2.18 Comparison of Life Cycle Cost of Various Treatment Processes 2-14Table -2.19 Chemical composition of untreated Sludge 2-15Table -2.20 Overall Estimated Project Cost for Proposed Sewerage System

Project2-20

Table-2.21 Land Details for Sewerage system 2-21Table-2.22 Land Details for Low Cost Sanitation Units 2-22Table-3.1 Environment and Social Information Format for Screening 3-3Table-4.1 Environmental Regulations and Legislations 4-1Table-5.1 Average Meteorological Conditions 5-1Table-5.2 Results of Soil Sampling in Rajmahal Town 5-5Table-5.3 Surface Water Quality in the Area 5-9Table-5.4 Ground Water Quality in the Study Area 5-11Table-5.5 Results of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring 5-14Table-5.6 Summary of Air Quality Monitoring in the Study Area 5-15Table-5.7 National Ambient Air Quality Standards and WHO

Recommendations5-16

Table-5.8 Noise Monitoring Stations 5-16Table-5.9 Summary of Noise Level Monitored Data Code Range of Noise 5-17


viii

Table No. Description Page No.Levels

Table-5.10 Ambient Noise Standards 5-17Table-5.11 Future Water Demand of Rajmahal 5-19Table-5.12 Results of Three Drains 5-19Table-5.13 Sediments Quality of Drains 5-22Table-5.14 List of Floral Species Observed at Project Area 5-24Table-5.15 Demographic Profile in the Rajmahal Nagar Panchayat 5-29Table-5.16 Caste Profile in the Rajmahal Nagar Panchayat 5-31Table-5.17 Literate And Illiterate Population in the Rajmahal Nagar

Panchayat5-31

Table-5.18 Occupational Profile in the Rajmahal Nagar Panchayat 5-33Table-6.1 Comparative Analysis of Various Sewage Treatment

Technologies6-2

Table-6.2 Transmission Loss for Common Construction Materials 6-6Table-7.1 Environment Management Plan for Rajmahal 3.5 MLD STP 7-3Table-7.2 Environment Management Plan for Sewer Network in Rajmahal 7-16Table-7.3 Environment Management Plan for Low Cost Sanitation Units in

Rajmahal7-21

Table-7.4 Environment Management Plan for Drain Lining in Rajmahal 7-25Table-7.5 Environmental Monitoring Plan 7-30Table-7.6 Cost Details of Environmental Management Plan 7-33Table-7.7 Cost of Environmental Monitoring Plan 7-38Table-8.1 Details of Public consultation and FGD 8-1Table-8.2 Key Issues in Stakeholders Meeting 8-7


ix

ABBREVEATIONS

AAQM : Ambient Air Quality MonitoringASI : Archeological Survey of IndiaCPCB : Central Pollution Control BoardESMF : Environmental and Social Management FrameworkGoI : Government of IndiaINTACH : Indian National Trust for Art and Culture HeritageMBBR : Moving Bed Bio-film ReactorMFP : Minor Forest ProduceMoEF : Ministry of Environment and ForestMPS : Main Pumping StationMSL : Mean Sea LevelNGRBA : National Ganga River Basin AuthorityNGRBP : National Ganga River Basin ProgrammeO&M : Operation and MaintenancePHED : Public Health Engineering DepartmentPMG : Project Management GroupPPE : Personal Protection EquipmentSPCB : State Pollution Control BoardsSPS : Sewage Pumping StationSTP : Sewage Treatment PlantUDD : Urban Development DepartmentUSEPA : United States Environment Protection AgencyWTP : Water Treatment Plant


CHAPTER – 1INTRODUCTION


1-1

CHAPTER 1INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUNDThe river Ganga has significant economic, environmental and cultural value in India. Rising

in the Himalayas and flowing in to the Bay of Bengal, the river traverses a course of more

than 2,500 km through the plains of north and eastern India. River Ganga also serves as one

of India's holiest rivers whose cultural and spiritual significance transcends the boundaries of

the basin.

1.2 GANGA CLEAN UP INITIATIVESThe Government of India (GoI) has undertaken various clean-up initiatives in the past. The

most prominent of such efforts was the Ganga Action Plan, launched in 1985 later

complemented by a similar plan for the river Yamuna, the biggest tributary of the Ganga.

These programmes have faced significant public scrutiny and, despite some gains made in

slowing the rate of water quality degradation, desired results have not been achieved. The

main shortcomings of these initiatives were:

Inadequate attention to institutional dimensions, including the absence of a long-

term-basin planning and implementation framework.

Little effort made in addressing weakness in water, urban wastewater and municipal

solid waste management, environmental quality monitoring and reporting, regulatory

interventions and water resources management.

Inadequate planning, scale, coordination and prioritization of investments, with little

emphasis on ensuring their sustainability.

Lack of sufficient attention to the social dimensions of river clean-up, failing to

recognize the importance of public consultation, participation and awareness-raising.

The lessons drawn from these prior experiences indicate that improving water quality in the

Ganga cannot be achieved by plugging the infrastructure gap alone. A three-pronged

approach needs to be adopted:

• Establishing a basin-level, multi-sectoral framework for addressing pollution in the

river (including national/state policies and river basin management institutions);

• Making relevant institutions operational and effective (e.g. with the capacity to plan,

implement and manage investments and enforce regulations); and,

• Implementing a phased program of prioritized infrastructure investments (with

emphasis on sustainable operations and community support).


1-2

1.3 THE GANGA RIVER BASIN PROJECTAs a major first step in achieving objective of cleaning river Ganga, the Government of India

(GoI) constituted the National Ganga River Basin Authority (NGRBA), on 20th February 2009,

for the comprehensive management of Ganga Basin. The NGRBA has been given a multi-

sector mandate to address both water quantity and quality aspects. The NGRBA has

resolved that by year 2020, no untreated municipal sewage or industrial effluents will be

allowed to be discharged into River Ganga within Indian Territory.

Considering the requirement of large investment to meet above objective, The World Bank

has been formally requested to provide long-term support to NGRBA, through several

phases of substantive financing and knowledge support. While, the overall technical

assistance and program development under the proposed initiatives will focus on the entire

Ganga, the initial emphasis of the specific investments will be on main stem of river Ganga

flowing through five basin states of Bihar, Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand and West

Bengal. The priority given to pollution abatement programs in cities located on the banks of

these States which would include investment for planning and construction of city sewerage

network and sewage treatment plants, industrial pollution control measures, municipal solid

waste and river front management. This is expected to be achieved through several phases

of substantive financing and knowledge support.

The first project of such several phases of support aims at;

i) Establishing and operationalizing central and state level NGRBA institutions

capable of planning and implementing a multi-sectoral river water quality

improvement program and

ii) Reducing pollution loads into the river through selected investments.

1.3.1 World Bank AssistanceThe Government of India has sought assistance from the World Bank to support the NGRBA

in the long term. This assistance aims to support the NGRBA in establishing its operational

level institutions and implementing priority infrastructure investments.

1.4 PROJECT COMPONENTSThe project will have two components relating to institutional development and priority

infrastructure investments. The first component would seek to build the institutional capacity

to effectively implement the overall NGRBA program, including infrastructure investments

funded by the second component.

1.4.1 Component One: Institutional DevelopmentThe objective of this component is to finance demonstrative infrastructure investments to

reduce pollution loads in priority locations on the river.

1.4.2 Component Two: Investment SectorsThe majority of investments are expected to be in the following four sectors:


1-3

i) The Wastewater sector, particularly in wastewater treatment plants and sewerage

networks.

ii) Industrial pollution control and prevention (e.g. construction of common effluent

treatment plants),

iii) Solid waste management (collection, transport and disposal systems for

municipal waste ),

iv) River front management (e.g. improvement of the built environment along river

stretches, improvement of small ghats and electric crematoria, conservation and

preservation of ecologically sensitive sites).

Many investments are likely to combine elements of more than one of above sectors.

1.4.3 The Framework ApproachIn lieu of defining and appraising specific investments, the project preparation has focused

on developing investments framework covering all four key sectors of intervention under the

NGRBA program. This single framework will apply to all investments under the NGRBA

program.

The objectives of the investments framework are to:

a) provide a filter for all the NGRBA investments, for ensuring that the selected

investments are well-prepared and amongst the most effective in reducing the

pollution loads

b) make transparent the decision-making process on investments selection

c) ensure that the investments are implemented in a sustainable manner

The investments framework prescribes the criteria and quality assurance standards covering

various aspects including eligibility, prioritization, planning, technical preparation, financial

and economic analyses, environmental and social management, long term O&M

sustainability, community participation, and local institutional capacity1.

1.4.4 Investment ExecutionThe investments program will be planned and managed by the NGRBA level PMG and state

level PMGs, while the execution of specific infrastructure investments will be done by the

selected existing and qualified state-level technical agencies. To foster competition and tap

private sector efficiencies, the state governments with significant infrastructure investments

are also setting up a public-private joint venture infrastructure company, to execute NGRBA

and other similar investments in the respective states in the medium to long term.

1.4.5 Rehabilitation of Existing InfrastructureInvestments involving rehabilitation of existing infrastructure will be given priority due to their

intrinsically higher returns in terms of reductions in pollution loads entering the Ganga.

1For more details refer “Environmental and Social Management Framework for World Bank AssistedNational Ganga River Basin Project, 2011”. PMG, National Ganga River Basin Authority, MoEF.


1-4

1.5 STRUCTURE OF THE REPORTThis report deals with the Environment and Social Assessment with Management Plan for

commissioning of Sewerage system and STP in Rajmahal town of District Sahibganj,

Jharkhand. It rolls out the baseline status of the existing sewage situation and analyzes the

situation if the proposed project is implemented, with its possible implications and to negate

those implications management plan is advised which is as per the Environment and Social

Management Framework.

Chapter 1 : Provides an introduction about the programme to clean up River Ganga

and various mechanisms to implement the project. This chapter outlines

the roles and function of various institutions involved in the project

Chapter 2 : Provides description of various components of the proposed sewerage

project in Rajmahal.

Chapter 3 : Delineates the methodology adopted for conducting environmental and

social assessment for the proposed sewerage and STP project in

Rajmahal.

Chapter 4 : Presents the applicable laws and guidelines related to such kind of

projects.

Chapter 5 : Presents detailed baseline scenario of 12 wards of Rajmahal Nagar

Panchayat.

Chapter 6 : Provides assessment of Environmental and Social Impacts.

Chapter 7 : Presents mitigation measures for mitigation of adverse impacts.

Chapter 8 : Presents social development outcomes of the proposed project and

related issues.

Chapter 9 : Presents conclusion of the ESIA study.


CHAPTER -2PROJECT DESCRIPTION


2-1

CHAPTER 2PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.1 ABOUT THE CITYRajmahalis small historic town of the Sahibganj district and is situated on the west bank of

river Ganga at 25°11' North latitude and 87°81' East longitude.It is bounded on north by the

river Ganga and district Katihar on the south by district Godda, on the east by Maldah and

Murshidabad districts of the state West Bengal, and on the west by Bhagalpur and Godda

districts. Rajmahal is the only sub-divisional town in Sahibganj district. Average annual

rainfall varies from 1304 mm to 1409 mm in this zone, out of which 80% is received during

four monsoon months (June-September).

Rajmahal hosts many sacred fairs like Sankrantimela and rituals and attracts thousands of

pilgrims throughout the year. Hal Punhya, Bhagta Parab and Bandna are the prominent

festivals celebrated in Rajmahal.

There is no small, medium and major industries located in Rajmahal which is a clear

indicator of lack of development of the town. Socio-economic status of people is generally of

low income group.

Rajmahal town has no major commercial, institutional and administrative activities. It mainly

depends on Sahibganj for necessities of life i.e. consumer items and durables etc.

Shops in Rajmahal Library in Rajmahal2.2 EXISTING SEWERAGE FACILITIES IN RAJMAHALThere are 4 major drains flowing across the town which are being used to dispose storm

water as well as sullage water collected through the drains. Rainwater as well as domestic

waste flows through these drains, eventually falling into river Ganga. These drains ultimately

outfall in River Ganga and create nuisance and pollute the holy Ganga River.Presently there

is no scheme related to waste water disposal in Rajmahal town. The four drains flowing

through Rajmahal town is shown in Figure-2.1.


2-2

Figure-2.1: Drains Flowing through RajmahalThe four drains carry a total discharge of 2.63 mld. The details are given in Table-2.1.

Table-2.1: Discharge of drains flowing through Rajmahal townS.No. Description of Drain Flow (mld)1 MahajanToli Drain 0.782 Neel Kothi Drain 0.593 Kasim Bazar Drain 0.554 Ferry Ghat Drain 0.71

Total 2.63

About 95% of the drains have been constructed and covered by Nagar Panchayat Rajmahal

under the “Roads and Drainage” fund.Drains are fully covered except only at the outfall point

for very small stretch.


2-3

Visual of Lined and Covered Neel Kothi Drain and Mahajan Toli DrainMahajan Toli drain outfalls at Ganga and almost 50 m stretch is uncovered and that will be

passing through Mahanjan Toli Ghat. Similarly Neel Kothi and Kasim Bazar Drains are open

for a stretch of only 50 m behind the outfall point at Neel Kothi Ghat. Ferry Ghat drain is

uncovered for the 50 m stretch, which passes through Ferry Ghat.

Neel Kothi Drain Kasim Bazar Drain at Neel Kothi Ghat

MahajanToli Drain at Mahajantoli Ghat Ferry Ghat Drain near Ferry Ghat


2-4

Low Cost Sanitation Facilities: Majority of the population of Rajmahal resides near the

banks of river Ganges. Large number of slums are located along the banks of the river,

where poor people have constructed small kachha (mud) houses / hutment without any toilet

facility. They are using river banks, fields and drains, etc. for open defecation.

The Nagar Panchayat of Rajmahal had constructed about 9 No. of Community Toilet

Complexes under various programmes; out of which only 6 No. are functional. Community

toilets are facing shortage of water supply, electric supply and found in unusable condition.

In the absence of proper maintenance including cleanliness the people are forced to

abandon and resort to practice open defecation.

Existing Low Cost Sanitation (LCS)2.3 EXISTING WATER SUPPLY SCHEMES IN RAJMAHALAt present the city has no organized water supply system and the population is mostly

dependent on spot ground water sources like well and tube wells.Majority of the house

owners have their own bore wells within their premises.The households which do not have

individual wells are solely dependent on government tube well. Households who are

economically sound have their own tube wells fitted with electrically operated pumps.

The existing piped water supply system was constructed during 2005-06. The source of this

water supply system is based on surface source and being maintained by PHED, Govt. of

Jharkhand.

Under this system raw water is being treated in a water treatment plant (WTP) and supplied

to the consumers through an overhead tank (OHT). The problem of water supply to the

beneficiaries is mainly due to restricted supply hours of electricity. There are about 92 house

connections and 30 no. of street stand posts. In addition to this Municipal Panchayat has

constructed 150 Nos. of hand pumps.


2-5

Pictorial View of Intake Well at Sangi Dalan and Overhead TankRecently, the state government of Jharkhand has awarded a drinking water supply DPR

based on surface water source river Ganga and per capita demand is taken @ 135 lpcd.

The study is in progress and likely to be completed shortly. The scheme shall supply water

to the entire town. The scheme is being implemented by Public Health Engineering

Department (PHED), Govt. of Jharkhand.Copy of Letter for water supply rate from Secretary,

Urban Development Department, Govt. of Jharkhand is enclosed in DPR.

2.4 NECESSITY OF THIS PROJECTUnder the 'Mission clean Ganga' no untreated municipal sewage or industrial effluent would

be allowed to be discharged into the river Ganga by the year 2020. In Rajmahal, total

estimated sewage generation of the town in the year 2027 is expected to be 3.0 mld and in

the year 2047 it is 4.35 mld. Currently, there is no sewerage and storm water system in

Rajmahal but the sullage is carried away in drains constructed for the storm water. There are

4 major drains flowing across the town, which are being used to dispose storm as well as

sullage water collected through the drains. Though drains have been used to carry out storm

and sullage, these drains have also been used as dumping grounds by nearby households

for solid wastes in a few locations within the town limits.Thus, the major problems in town

are:

Lack of drainage network system in the town to collect convey and dispose the storm

water efficiently.

Existing open drain channels act as the sole means of conveyance of waste water as

well as storm water.

Lack of design considerations and absence topographical analysis results in choking

of existing drains and frequent incidences of water-logging.

Considering the density of population, absence of sewerage network, proximity to the Ganga

river and the point of confluence, it becomes all the more important to provide sewerage and

treatment infrastructure in town. With the aim of providing complete sewerage facilities in the

town all required trunk/ branch/ lateral sewer network has been taken in this proposal.


2-6

2.5 LOCATION OF PROPOSED SEWERAGE PROJECTRajmahal is the only town lies in Sahibganj District of Jharkhand. Figure-2.2 shows the

location of Rajmahalin Sahibganj District of Jharkhand.

Figure- 2.2: Rajmahal Sewerage Project Location2.6 PROPOSED SEWERAGE SCHEMEThe proposed sewerage network is divided into 3 major areas as shown in Figure-2.2.

Sewers, rising mains, sewage pumping stations are designed for 30 years from the base

year 2017. Sewage Treatment Plants are designed for a period of 10 years with modular

approach in a phased manner as the population grows.Considering the discharge location

and quantity of sewage treated, in one sewage treatment plant based on Moving Bed Bio-

film Reactor (MBBR) has been considered for the project area as per the discussions held

on 14th February 2015at Rajmahal with Ex. Officer Rajmahal and GM-JUIDCO, along with

other Urban Development Department (UDD) officials.

The key features of the proposed scheme are as below:

• The topography of Rajmahal town is generally plain with an average elevation of

29.930 m above mean sea level, having a gradual slope of 0.2-0.1 percentand the

entire town is sloping towards Ganga river. Based on topography, entire town has

been divided into four zones viz. Sewerage Zone 1, 2, 3 and 4 (Refer Figure-2.3)


2-7

Figure-2.3: Rajmahal Zones showing location of SPS, MPS, STP• In zone No 1 the population served is 8,434 and the sewage for this zone would flow

towards river Ganga. At intermediate pumping station no 1, the entire flow will be

lifted through rising main and discharged into sewerage system of Zone No. 4 at

node No 166. Map of Zone-1 of Rajmahal is enclosed as Annexure-I. Intermediate

Sewage pumping stations namely IPS-1 near Kasam Bazar Ghat (Government land).

The summary of pipeline network in Zone-I is given in Table-2.2.

Table-2.2: Summary of sewerage network in Zone-1S.No. Diameter of Pipe Length (m)1 200 71102 250 2003 300 1054 400 150

Total 7565

• In zone No 2 sewerage network shall cater to the population of 3,530 from where

sewage would move towards river Ganga at Intermediate pumping station No. 2 from


2-8

where the entire flow will be lifted through rising main and discharged into sewerage

system of Zone No 4 at node No 129. Map of Zone-2 of Rajmahal is enclosed as

Annexure-II. IPS-2 is proposed near Ferry ghat (Government land). The summary of

sewerage network in Zone-2 is given in Table-2.3.

Table-2.3: Summary of sewerage network in Zone-2S.No. Diameter of Pipe Length (m)1 200 31652 250 10

Total 3175

• In Zone No 3 sewerage network shall cater to the population of 1,574 from where

sewage would move at Intermediate pumping station No. 3 from where the entire

flow will be lifted through rising main and discharged into sewerage system of Zone

No 4 at node No 289. Map of Zone-3 of Rajmahal is enclosed as Annexure-III. IPS-3

is proposed at wards No. 11. The summary of sewerage network in Zone-3 is given

in Table-2.4.

Table-2.4: Summary of sewerage network in Zone-3

S.No. Diameter of Pipe Length (m)1 200 1210

Total 1210

• In Zone No 4 sewerage network shall cater to the population of 24,426 from where

sewage would move at Main pumping station from where the entire flow will be lifted

through rising main and discharged to STP.The flow of sewage coming from zone No

1, 2 and 3 has been accounted for while designing the sewer lines. Map of Zone-4 of

Rajmahal is enclosed as Annexure-IV. MPS is proposed in village Ban Dubi

(Panchayat Purvi Narayan Pur). The summary of sewerage network in Zone-4 is

given in Table-2.5.

Table-2.5: Summary of sewerage network in Zone-4

S.No. Diameter of Pipe Length (m)1 200 173562 250 13553 300 10704 400 5655 500 17506 600 160

22256

• The sewage of the whole town coming to the main pumping station for which it has

been designed for the year 2047 (30 years) population of 37915 capacity 4.094 MLD.

The sewerage consists of sewer network of pipe of diameters varying from 200-600

mm of total length of 34.206 kilometers approximately.


2-9

2.6.1 Components of Proposed Sewerage WorkComprehensive sewerage network is proposed for Rajmahal to cover entire area with

sewerage system, so that sewage flows can be collected in an integrated manner

and conveyed to STP for treatment before discharge into Ganga river via drain. The

proposed sewerage system is designed for a 30 year period with base period of 2017

and design year 2047. The indicative influent characteristics of sewage to be

considered for design aspects are given in Table-2.6.

Table 2.6: Influent Sewage Characteristics

Parameter Concentration RangepH 6.5-9.0BOD (mg/l) 250-300COD (mg/l) 500-600Oil & Grease (mg/l) 10-15S.S. (mg/l) 500-600TDS (mg/l) 1200-1500Coliform Count (MPN/100ml) 107-109

A. Sewer Network(i) Sewer Pipes: It is proposed to lay approximately 34.206 km long sewer network

intown. The sewer diameter and length in various zones is shown in Table-2.7.

Table 2.7: Size wise details of the sewers proposed

Sewerage Zones Sewers Dia (mm) Length (Km)Zone I 200-450 7.565Zone II 200-250 3.175Zone III 200 1.210Zone IV 200-600 22.256

Total 34.206

The proposed sewers are of Ductile Iron pipes with cement mortar lining inside for

conveying the sewage from pumping stations to the other sewer manhole in case of

invert level is more the 5.0-6.0 m deep / Sewage Treatment Plant sites.

(ii) Manholes: The ordinary circular manholes of brick masonry, RCC are proposed at

alljunctions, change of diameters, and change in pipe gradients and on 30 m straight

run of sewer. RCC manholes are proposed for sewer diameter upto 600mm to

facilitate lowering of equipment for cleaning purpose.

(iii) House Connection: Laterals are proposed along the roads to connect sewage from

individual houses and it is connected to branch sewers. 100% house connections are

proposed for Rajmahal since this area is un-sewered.


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(iv) Various Alternate Options Studied: To design the sewerage system in cost

effective and sustainable manner, following fouralternate options were studied for the

proposed sewerage system in Rajmahal town.

Option 1: 9 PS, 1 STP, of 3.8 mld capacity of WSP Technology

Option 2: 9 PS, 1 STP of 3.8 mld capacity of MBBR Technology

Option 3: 3 Zones, 6 PS and 3 STP of 0.1 mld capacity of MBBR Technology

Option 4: 4 Zones, 3 PS and 1 STP of 4.35 mld capacity of MBBR Technology

Based on the pros and cons of each option and life cycle cost analysis conducted by the

DPR consultant, Option-4 has been recommended for Rajmahal town.

From Environmental and Social aspects the threealternate options studied also, and the

comparison is shown in Table-2.8.

Table-2.8: Comparison of various options studiedOption-1 Option-2 Option-3 Option-4

Description Zones : 1

STP : 3.8mld

Technology:WSP

SPS : 9

MPS: 1

Sewage fromHouses

Zones : 1

STP : 3.8 mld

Technology:MBBR

SPS : 9

MPS: 1

Sewage fromHouses

Zones : 3

STP: 3 no.

Capacity:0.1mld

Technology:MBBRSPS : 3MPS: 3

Sewage fromseptic tanks

Zones : 4

STP: 3.5mld

Technology:MBBR

SPS : 3MPS: 1

Sewage fromHouses

LandRequirement forSTP (Ha.)

3.80 0.38 0.03 0.35

LandRequirement forSPS (Ha.)

0.18 0.18 0.24 0.14

Land Ownershipstatus (STP andSPS both)

Govt. andPrivate

Govt. andPrivate

Govt. andPrivate

Govt. andPrivate

Squatters /Encroachers

Nil Nil Nil Nil

Tree Cutting High Treecutting required

Few Treecutting required

No Tree cuttingrequired

Few Treecutting required

Max. Depth ofSewer (m)

Less than 3 m Less than 3 m Less than 3 m Less than 5 m

Traffic Blockage Marginal Marginal Marginal MarginalO&M Cost Very High Very High Moderate Moderate

Option-1 was dropped due to acquisition of private land, tree cutting, higher Operation

and maintenance cost, high land requirement and poorer quality of treated effluent.


2-11

Option-2 was dropped; though it requires lesser land but Operation and maintenance

cost is very high due to operation of 9 intermediate pumping stations and one main

pumping stations.

Option-3 was dropped, as sewers are proposed to be to connected to individual house

septic tanks and not directly house sewer connections, which leads to again unhygienic

conditions in individual houses and can create health hazards.

Option-4has been adopted, due to lesser land requirement, lesser operation and

maintenance cost, direct house connections and moderate power requirements.

On comparison of above parameters, it is found that all the options, barring option-1, are

more or less equal. Considering low O&M cost and lesser land requirement, option-4 has

been selected and is better for the Environment friendly, due to felling of lesser number of

trees. The details of land requirement for Various Components in Rajmahal are enclosed in

Annexure-V.B. Sewage Pumping StationThe general topography is flat sloping towards Ganga river. The township lies at an average

elevation of 28.0 m above mean sea level(MSL). The pumping stations have been proposed

where gravity flow is not possible. It has been proposed to provide the pumping station

where depth of invert level of the Intercepting sewer is more than 6.0 m. Keeping in view, the

constraints on availability of power supply in Rajmahal town, an effort has been made to

provide the minimum number of pumping stations. Based on detailed study the sewer

pumping stations, 1 each in zone-1, 2 & 3 has been proposed. Sewage Network on city map

and drawings of Zone –1, 2, 3 & 4 are enclosed as Annexure – I to IV respectively. The

location of various pumping stations is given in Table-2.9. The photographs and layout plan

of MPS & SPS is enclosed as Annexure-VI & VII.Table-2.9: Location of Various Pumping Stations

S.No. Description of Pumping Station LocationZONE-1

1 Intermediate Pumping Station (IPS 1 ) Near Kasim Bazar GhatZONE-2

1 Intermediate Pumping Station (IPS 2) Near Ferry GhatZONE-3

1 Intermediate Pumping Station (IPS 3 ) In ward No. 11ZONE-4

1 Main Pumping Station (MPS) In Village Ban Dubi (Panchayat PurviNarayan Pur)

The details of sewage pumping stations in zone-1, 2, 3 and 4 are given in Tables 2.10 to

2.13 respectively.


2-12

Table 2.10: Details of Intermediate Pumping Stations in Zone-1

PumpingStations

GroundLevel(m)

Invert Level ofincoming Sewer at

Pumping Stations (m)

Rising Main Dia(mm)

Length(m)

Sewage Flow (MLD)Avg Peak Avg Peak Avg Peak2017 2017 2032 2032 2047 2047

IPS 1 29.179 23.257 IPS 1 to nodeno. 166 200 400 0.600 1.800 0.752 2.256 0.905 2.715


PumpingStations

Ground Level

(m)


Pumping Stations (m)Rising Main Dia

(mm)Length

m

Sewage Flow (MLD)Avg. Peak Avg. Peak Avg. Peak2017 2017 2032 2032 2047 2047

IPS 2 26.097 22.536 IPS 2 to node no.129 150 500 0.252 0.756 0.317 0.951 0.381 1.143


PumpingStations

Ground Level

(m)



(mm)Length

m


IPS 3 24.733 23.930 IPS 3 to node no.289 100 450 0.112 0.336 0.141 0.423 0.170 0.510

Table 2.13: Details of Main Pumping Stations in Zone-4

PumpingStations

GroundLevel(m)



(mm)Length

m


MPS 26.80 21.356 MPS to STP 350 100 2.456 7.367 3.084 9.252 3.712 11.137


2-13

C. Sewage Treatment PlantSTP is designed to discharge the treated sewage to River Ganga with following effluent

standards as shown in Table-2.14.

Table-2.14: NRCD Standards for Discharge of Effluent into River

S.No. Parameters Units Raw Sewage Quality (asper test results)

As per NRCDstandards

1 Total Suspended Solids mg/l 300 <102 BOD5 at 20°C mg/l 150 <10

The ultimate capacity of STP is 4.094 mld (average flow) for ultimate design year 2047.

However, as per NGRBA framework and CPHEEO guidelines construction of STP is

considered for 10 years i.e. for year 2027 from base year 2017. Accordingly the STP

capacity is considered as 3.0 mld. The details are given in Table-2.15.

Table-2.15: Capacity of Sewage Treatment Plant for Year 2027

Population year2027

Sewage generation @ 80% of W/S rate of135 lpcd in MLD per day

Proposed STPCapacity

29359 3.170 3.0

A detailed comparison of Land requirement and efficiency of various treatment processes is

given in Table-2.16. Land required for various components of sewerage system for the

ultimate year 2047 will be acquired / transferred before the start of construction.

Table 2.16: Land Requirement for Various Processes

S.No. Treatment Process Capacity ofSTP (mld)

Land Required(Ha./MLD)

Total LandRequirement (ha.)

1 Anaerobic + Facultative +Maturation Pond

3.0 1.00 3.00

2 Aerated Lagoon withMaturation Pond

3.0 0.50 1.50

3 UASBR followed byFacultative Polishing Unit

3.0 0.30 0.9

4 Activated SludgeProcess

3.0 0.20 0.6

5 Extended Aeration 3.0 0.25 0.756 Moving Bed Bio Reactor 3.0 0.10 0.307 Sequential Bed reactor 3.0 0.10 0.30

Selection of Technologies (stage I)

The land requirement for Anaerobic + Facultative + Maturation Pond, Aerated

Lagoon with Maturation Pond and UASBR followed by Facultative Polishing Unit is

high and unavailable at site.


2-14

Anaerobic + Facultative + Maturation Pond as well as UASBR followed by Facultative

Polishing Unit are unlikely to meet the desired BOD level < 20 mg/l.

Also, leakages of Bio-gas in case of UASB Reactor causes smell and rusting

nuisance within plant area as well as adjoining buildings.

In view of this, the three technologies namely, Anaerobic + Facultative + Maturation Pond,

Aerated Lagoon with Maturation Pond and UASBR followed by Facultative Polishing Unit are

not suitable for Rajmahal.

Life Cycle Cost Analysis

To achieve the desired BOD & TSS levels the treated effluent from conventional Activated

Sludge process, Moving Bed Bio Reactor and Extended aeration shall need further

Treatment in the shape of sand filtration. To reduce the coliform level, disinfection of treated

effluent through chlorination is proposed. The comparison of Life Cycle cost of various

treatment processes is given in Tables-2.17 and 2.18.

Table 2.17: Comparison of Life Cycle ofVarious Treatment ProcessesBASIS FOR COMPARING

Sl.No.

Item Conventional Activated

SludgeProcess+

sandfiltration

Extended

Aeration+sand

filtration

MovingBed

BiofilmReactor +

sandfiltration

Sequential BatchReactor

ASP E.A MBBR SBR1 Treatment efficiencies BOD Removal % 85 -92% 95-98% 95-98% 95-98%

2 Land Requirement (Ha./mLd) 0.20 0.25 0.10 0.10

3 Cost of Construction (Lakhs Rs./mLd) 110.00 110.00 120.00 150.00

4 Power Requirement Per mld per day 210 420 190.00 180.00

5 Cost as %age of total Construction CostCIVIL 60 60 60 60E&M 40 40 40 40

6 O&M Cost as %age of Construction CostCIVIL 1 1 1 1E&M 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0

Table 2.18: Comparison of Life Cycle Cost of Various Treatment ProcessesSl.No.

Item ActivatedSludge

Process

ExtendedAeration

MovingBed

BiofilmReactor

SequentialBatch

Reactor

ASP E.A MBBR SBR1 Area of Land Required (ha.) 0.60 0.75 0.30 0.30

2 Cost of Land in Rs. Lakhs @ Rs.5024/m2 (Land acquisition rate)

301.44 376.80 150.72 150.72


2-15

Sl.No.

Item ActivatedSludge

Process

ExtendedAeration

MovingBed

BiofilmReactor

SequentialBatch

Reactor

ASP E.A MBBR SBR

3 Cost of Construction (Lakhs Rs.) 330 330 360 450

4 Per year Cost of energy (Rs in Lac) 11.80 23.61 10.68 10.12

5 Capitalised Cost of Energy (Lakhs Rs.) 89.78 179.56 81.23 76.96

6 Capitalised Cost of O&M (Lakhs Rs.)Civil 2.31 2.31 2.52 3.15E & M 7.70 7.70 8.40 10.50Staff 16.08 16.08 16.08 16.08

Total 26.09 26.09 27.00 29.73Capitalised Cost 198.44 198.44 205.36 226.13

TOTAL 958.61 1135.25 826.29 943.96III IV I II

From Table-2.18, it is observed that Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) is the least cost

solution followed by Sequential Bed Reactor (SBR), Activated Sludge Process (ASP), and

Extended Aeration (EA). Therefore, it is recommended that Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor(MBBR) for treatment of sewage best suited for Rajmahal town.

Sludge Disposal: Total sludge solids produced from STP would be 350 kg/day.To treat and

dispose of the solids produced from waste water treatment plants in the most effective

manner, consultant proposedfollowing components:

Sludge sump: For collection of sludge Sludge thickener tanks: To thicken the sludge Thickened Sludge Sump and Pump chamber: Collection of thickened sludge & for

further pumping to sludge beds Sludge Drying Beds: For natural dewatering & sun drying Dry Sludge Platform: To store the sludge received from the sludge drying beds for its

final disposal as fertilizer or disposal in the designated landfill site.

As per social data, there are no small, medium and major industries located in Sahibganj,

therefore sludge generated will be only from domestic waste. The typical chemical

composition of untreated sludge is depicted in Table-2.19.

Table 2.19: Chemical Composition of Untreated sludge

S.No. Item Untreated primary sludge1 Total dry solids 5-92 Volatile solids 60-803 Grease and fats

Ether Soluble 6-30Ether extract 7-35

4 Protein 20-305 Nitrogen 1.5-4


2-16

S.No. Item Untreated primary sludge6 Phosphorus 0.8-2.87 Potash 0-18 Cellulose 8-159 Iron 2.0-4.010 Silica 15-2011 pH 5.0-8.012 Alkalinity 500-150013 Organic acids 200-200014 Energy Content, kJ 23000-29000

E. Sewer Cleaning EquipmentFor proper maintenance of the sewerage system, provision has been made for sewer

clearing equipment such as pick-axes, manhole guards, tripod stands, danger flags,

lanterns, batteries safety lamps, lead acetate paper, silt drums, ropes, iron hooks, hand

carts, plunger rods, observation, rods, shovels, etc., a pull through Disc with Rope, jetting

Machine (velocity cleaners) and Hand operated Winching Machine are also recommended

for effective maintenance.

2.6.2 Proposed Low Cost SanitationLarge number of slums are located along the banks of the river, where poor people have

constructed small kachha (mud) houses / hutment without any toilet (latrine) facility. It has

been observed through the socio-economic survey conducted by the consultant that atleast

30% of population needs toilet facility. Interaction with the people during socio-economic

survey indicates that, by and large, people are co-operative and willing to pay for “Pay-and-

Use” toilets. Local claim that they need community toilets, based on which 5 community

toilets, 20 seater each are proposed in various wards of Rajmahal. The location is

strategically decided in consultation with the urban local body.

2.6.3 Drain liningThe restoration work for fourdrains is proposed in the DPR. Drains are proposed to carry

storm drain water after implementation of sewerage scheme. As per socio-economic survey

no land is required for restoration of existing drains. No squatters and buildings observed

along the banks of exiting drains.

MahajanToli, Neel Kothi, Kasim Bazar and Ferry Ghat Drain flow within the city and

where major sullage, effluent from houses is flowing. Dredging work is proposed only

at the outfall of this drain, and dredged material is proposed to be disposed offin

proper manner at designated landfill site. As there is no small, medium and large

scale industry located in the town, sludge is mainly of domestic waste, floating

matter, etc.


2-17

All drains are paved and covered and outfall in river Ganga, and the only stretch

dredging is required.

As per DPR 100% house connections are proposed, so there are no chances of

infiltration from city waste during Operation phase.

2.7 CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGY2.7.1 ConstructionConstruction of sewers and its appurtenances, sewage pumping stations and sewage

treatment plant, Low Cost Sanitation units and Drain restoration shall be carried out using

mechanized construction tools and equipment to achieve maximum output. Use of

prefabricated material is encouragedto improve quality of works, simultaneously improving

efficiency of construction schedule. Contract documents for the project are framed such that,

it would be compulsory for the prospective bidders / contractors to present a detailed write-

up and oral presentation on the following aspects of construction.

Methodology of Construction (Method Statement)

Site Management

Construction Schedule

Environment & Traffic Management

Cash Flow Projections

Schedule of Deployment of Machinery & Equipment

Schedule of Labour Deployment

Deployment of Technical Staff with Qualification & Experience

Quality Assurance Programme

Time & Cost Saving devices, if any.

Major Problems in planning during construction & execution of Scheme:

Movement of traffic and provision of public convenience

Obstructions during relocation of utilities & disturbance in other services

2.7.2 ExcavationTrenches shall be excavated to the specified depth below the barrel of the pipe. The

excavation of trenches for pipelines shall be done mechanically using appropriate

equipment. The proposed excavation at any one time shall be limited to such lengths, which

does not cause inconvenience to surrounding inhabitants and road traffic.

All excavations left unattended shall be adequately protected with approved fencing and

barricades.

2.7.3 Placing and Compaction of Fill and BackfillHandling, placing, spreading, compacting, wetting, trimming and quality control of fill material

for compacted fill shall be in accordance with the specifications. Fill shall be spread by


2-18

manual / machine in successive horizontal layers of not more than 150 mm loose depth.

Longitudinal or transverse joints in any two successive layers shall be staggered by a

minimum distance of 3 m. Backfilling shall be done after successful hydro testing.

2.7.4 Disposal of Surplus MaterialThe surplus excavated material shall be disposed-off at designated landfill site (at

construction stage), in an environmental friendly manner. Storing excavated material,

whether temporarily or permanently, shall be subject to prior approval from DBOE. Where

required, drains shall be constructed to prevent the undesirable accumulation of water in or

around spoil dumps.

2.7.5 Dewatering of Excess WaterDuring construction, ground and surface water shall be controlled to the extent that

excavation and pipe installation can proceed in the specified manner and such that the

trench bottom is not disturbed to the detriment of the pipe installation. Trench water shall not

be permitted to enter the pipe being installed unless approval is received from the Engineer.

2.7.6 ShoringThe total length of sewer line to be laid in the city is 33.556 km and the depth of sewers

varies from 0.8m to m in general. It is implied that such sewer networks would necessitate

excavations and restoration of the excavated works, besides restoration of roads.

The sewer laying is slow, time consuming process, wherein the degree of difficulty increases

with the larger depths. In general a trench depth upto 1.5m can be excavated without

provision of shoring. However, for depth greater than 1.5m, the trench walls are to be

secured with timber shoring to prevent collapsing of side walls. Jharkhand Schedule of

Rates is considered for provision for timber shoring in the detailed estimation and costing.

2.7.7 BeddingGranular bedding for pipes shall be placed by spreading and compacting granular bedding

material over the complete width of the pipe trench. Where pipes are jointed, bell holes of

ample dimensions shall be formed in the bedding to ensure that each pipe is uniformly

supported throughout the length of its barrel and to enable the joint to be made and

inspected during testing. After pipe laying additional material shall be placed and compacted

by hand rammer in 150 mm layers equally on each side of the pipe. Pipes shall be laid on

setting blocks only where a concrete bed or cradle is used

2.7.8 Trenchless TechnologyTrenchless technology, as the name implies, stands for subsurface construction works

where fewer trenches or no continuous trenches are required to be dug. It is a rapidly

growing sector of the construction and civil engineering industry. It can be defined as "A

family of methods, materials, and equipment capable of being used for the installation of new


2-19

or replacement or rehabilitation of existing underground infrastructure with minimal disruption

to surface traffic, business, and other activities.

The most important advantages of trenchless technology can be summarized as follows:

Road damage is minimized,

Fast laying as no reinstatement of the surface is necessary

No impact on residents and traffic in construction area

No harmful impact on Environment or if have, very little

No disruption of highway traffic thanks to little or no excavation

No construction noise because these are no construction vehicles and construction

activities as known with conventional open trench pipe-laying.

Sewer laying by Trenchless technology in proposed at 4 points in railway crossing sections

at Rajmahal.

2.8 IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULEIt is anticipated that construction duration for the contractor is estimated to be 24months

(including monsoon period) for proposed sewerage system and 24months for construction of

STP and SPS, after appointment of contractor which will include construction activities and

commission of the system. The operation and maintenance of proposed sewerage system is

also considered for ten years after commission of the system.

Implementation / Construction schedule proposed for various project activities in Rajmahal is

shown in Figure-2.4.


2-20

Figure-2.4: Implementation / Construction Schedule of Various Activities forProposed Project in Rajmahal

2.9 FINANCINGDetailed Project Report (DPR) of "Proposed Sewerage System and STP in Rajmahal of

Sahibganj District - Jharkhand'' under National Ganga River Basin Authority (NGRBA)


2-21

programme amounting to Rs. 51.09 Crores. The summary of cost of the proposed project in

Rajmahal is given in Table-2.20.

Table 2.20: Overall Estimated Project Cost for Proposed Sewerage System Project

Sl.No. Description of Item Amount Rs. in Lakh A Sewerage Works

1 Sewerage network 1970.00 2 Intermediate Sewage Pumping Stations (IPS) (3 no.) 126.57 3 Main Pumping Stations (MPS) 86.51 4 Rising Main 41.00 5 Sewage Treatment Plants (STP) with Tertiary treatment 360.00 6 STP Land development, Retaining wall and Boundary wall 37.60 7 Effluent Channel 88.72 8 Reuse Components 116.64 9 Survey & Levelling 8.92

10 Sewerage House Connections 228.40 11 Lining of Existing Drains 2.49 12 Low Cost Sanitation Units (5 Nos. 20 Seaters) 102.00

13 Renovation of Existing LCS Units (9 Nos. units) 26.00 14 Cost of trial-run for STP, MPS, IPS & Sewer for 3 months 5.37

Sub Total A 3200.22 B Charges as per NGRBA Framework

1 Project Preparation @ 4% 128.00 2 Supervision of Project @ 4% 128.00

Sub Total B 256.00 C Cost of Work on which no charges will admissible

1 Land cost 225.26 2 Communication and Public Outreach 25.00 3 ESAMP Implementation Cost During Construction Phase 16.30 4 Governance and Accountability Action Plan (GAAP) 6.00 5 Sewer Cleaning Equipment 63.00

Sub Total C 335.56 D Operation & Maintenance for 10 years

1 Sewers, Rising Mains, IPS, MPS 486.13 2 Sewage Treatment Plant 525.88 3 New & Existing Low Cost Community Toilets 262.16 4 Environmental Monitoring Cost During Operation Phase 42.73 Sub Total D 1316.90

Grand Total (Rs. in Lakh) 5108.68

SAY 5109.00

Rupees Fifty One Crore Nine Lakh Only Note: Cost for construction of sewage treatment plant is considered for capacity 3.5mld for 10 years i.e.

for year 2027 from base year 2017.

2.10 LAND DETAILS

Land details for various proposed works are shown in Tables-2.21 and 2.22.

Table 2.21: Land Details for Sewerage system

S. No.

Componenets Zone Land Required

Plot number

Land Required

Remarks

1 SPS - 1 1 30x30 sq. m

Unsurveyed land

30m x30m = 900 sq. m

Near Kasim Bazar Ghat and Government Land


2-22

S.No.

Componenets Zone LandRequired

Plotnumber

LandRequired

Remarks

2 SPS - 2 2 20x20sq. m

Unsurveyedland

20m x20m =400sq. m

Near CremationGhat andGovernment Land

3 SPS - 3 3 10x10sq. m

Unsurveyedland

10m x10m =100 sq. m

Ward No. 11

4 MPS/STP 4 1 – 0Acre

3-0-0 4000 sq. m Near Village VanDubi

5 EffluentChannel

- 1500m X2m = 3000sq. m

Along the road

Table 2.22: Land Details for Low Cost Sanitation UnitsSl.No

WardNo.

Population Mouza PlotNumber

Proposed LandRequired

LandAvailable2011 2047

1 1 1876 3159 Bolda 108 1 & 20seats

14m x 14m 0-6-0

2 2 1691 2974 Malkasba Diara Unsurveyed Land

1 & 20seats

14m x 14m

3 4 1738 3021 KasimganjDiyara NayaBasti

Unsurveyed Land

1 & 20seats

14m x 14m 0-13-09

4 9 1790 3073 Nayabazar BClass Rly.

Unsurveyed Land

1 & 20seats

14m x 14m 0-10-00

5 11 2360 3643 FatejangpurBolda

41, 42-317, 18

1 & 20seats

14m x 14m 0-10-000-10-00

Total 22514 37915 5 & 100seats

No Acquisition of Land is required for the proposed Drainage Works.


CHAPTER-3APPROACH ANDMETHODOLOGY


3-1

CHAPTER 3APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY

3.1 METHODOLOGYAs per the Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF of NGRBA-2011)1,

and considering associated environmental and social impacts, an environmental and social

assessment with corresponding management plans for the proposed project of sewerage

works in Rajmahal needs to be conducted in a holistic name, covering various facets of

environment including social aspects. The methodology adopted for conducting

Environmental and Social Assessment for the proposed interventions in Rajmahal town is

depicted in Figure-3.1.

Figure 3.1: Flowchart Describing the Steps Adopted for Project Impact Assessment

1For more details refer “Environmental and Social Management Framework for World Bank AssistedNational Ganga River Basin Project, 2011”. PMG, National Ganga River Basin Authority, MoEF.

Secondary data analysis Field survey and stake holderconsultation

Brief description & analysis ofthe sub project activities Discussions with host

population and key stakeholders

Discussions with hostpopulation and key stake

holders

Screening Activity

Identification and assessmentof environmental / social

impacts

Developing mitigation plan


3-2

a. Secondary Data analysis (Identify Information/Data Requirements and their

Sources): All the available information and data (quantitative, qualitative)

regarding the proposed project was collected mainly from the Detailed Project

Report (DPR), consultation with stake-holders and other secondary sources. The

information on existing infrastructure, meteorology, geology, topography, etc. has been

collected through appropriate secondary sources.

b. Defining the project area and carrying out scoping in the field: Prior to start of the ESIA

Study, scoping exercise was conducted. Information collected through field visits helped

to understand issues/aspects/impacts to be covered as a part of the EIA study.

c. Survey of the host population: With the help of questionnaires, local people were

interviewed in groups. A wide range of people in the town were interviewed. The

information on awareness about the project, types of impacts likely to accrues,

management measures to be implemented were collected as a part of this study.

d. Discussion with the key stakeholders: Interactions with the stakeholders were conducted

during informal and formal discussions with them. The associated government

departments were visited to collect the relevant data and their feedback on the project

activities.

e. Conduct Screening: In the initial stages of project development screening exercise was

undertaken. The purpose of screening was to screen out "no significant

impacts" from those with significant impacts and get a broad picture of the nature,

scale and magnitude of the issues. The Expert Team conducted screening process using

the screening checklist format provided in ESMF report of NGRBA, which is

described in subsequent sections.

f. Identify and assess the impacts: Based on the analysis of the data gathered from

field survey, stakeholder interaction/ consultation and secondary sources, issues

related to the environmental and social sectors were been identified. The impacts

so identified were compared with the existing baseline environmental and social

condition of the study region. The impacts of the activities are mostly positive.

There are few adverse impacts which are marginal in nature.

g. Generation of Primary Baseline Information: The status of baseline, ambient air quality,

water quality and ambient noise level and soil quality has been assessed through field

studies conducted in the month of April 2014.

h. Formulation of mitigation plan: Based on the environmental and social issues

identified, and measures needed to prevent, minimize, mitigate, or ameliorate adverse

impacts and improve environmental performance were formulated. The mitigation plans

were suggested for all three stages of project implementation, design phase,

construction phase and, operation & maintenance phase.


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3.2 SCREENING ACTIVITY FOR PROJECT IMPACT ASSESSMENT

Screening activity is undertaken in the very beginning stages of project development. The

purpose of screening is to screen out "no significant impacts" from those with significant

impacts and get a broad picture of the nature, scale and magnitude of the issues. Based on

the secondary data analysis, field assessments and stakeholder interaction/ consultation, the

screening activity was conducted as per the guidelines provided in Environmental and Social

Management Framework of NGRBA (NGRBA, 2011) as given in Table 3.1.

Table 3.1: Environment and Social Information Format for Screening

Project Title : Sewerage System for Rajmahal Nagar Panchayat

Implementing agency : Rajmahal Nagar Panchayat, Rajmahal

Project cost : Rs. 51.09 Crore

Project components : Sewerage Network, Sewage Treatment Plant & Disposal of

treated effluent, Low Cost Sanitation and Drain Lining

Project location

(Area / Zone)

: Rajmahal is small historic town in the Sahibganj district and is

situated on the west bank of river Ganga at 25°11' North latitude

and 87°81' East longitude. Geographical area of the district is

1599.00 sq.km and area of Rajmahal town is 4.22 sq.km. It is

bounded on the north by the river Ganga and district Katihar, on

the south by district Godda, on the east by Maldah and

Murshidabad districts of the state of West Bengal, and on the

west by Bhagalpur and Godda districts.

S.

No.

Screening

Criteria

Assessment

of Category

(high/low)

Explanatory note for

Categorization

Evidences and

references

1 Is the project in

an eco-sensitive

area or adjoining

an eco-sensitive

area? (Yes/No) If

Yes, which is the

area? Elaborate

impact

accordingly.

No There is no eco-sensitive

site in the project area.

2 Will the project create significant/ limited/ no social impacts?

2.1 Land acquisition

resulting in loss

of income from

agricultural land,

plantation or

Nil

Land required for the

project are government

and private land and are

therefore required to be

acquired. Process of

Drawing Sheet of

Sewerage Zone-1,

2, 3 & 4 is enclosed

as Annexure-I to

IV


3-4

S.No.

ScreeningCriteria

Assessmentof Category(high/low)

Explanatory note forCategorization

Evidences andreferences

other existingland-use.

acquisition of land isinitiated by RajmahalNagar Panchayat.

As per field observationsand “Final DPR ofSewerage system forRajmahal” 3 plots forIntermediate PS forSewerage Zone-1, 2 & 3and 1 plot of land forMPS/STP is required.

Sewer line would be laidon public roads. Thereforeno loss of income fromagricultural land isexpected.

As per DPR, 5 no. plots ofLand for Low CostSanitation units arerequired. No land isrequired for renovation ofexisting LCS units.

Proposed lining of fourexisting drains do notrequire land acquisition.

Land documentsare enclosed asAnnexure-V

Field visits,consultation withstakeholders, localresidents,governmentofficials. ReferAnnexure – XVII toXVIII

2.2 Loss oflivelihood

No Loss of livelihood is notexpected, as lands arerequired to be transferrednot acquired.

There could be minordisruption in terms ofaccess to shops duringconstruction phase only.

Consultation withstakeholders. ReferAnnexure – XVII toXVIII

2.3 Land Acquisitionresulting inrelocation ofhouseholds.

No socialimpacts

Land required for theproject are governmentand private land. Landwhich is to be acquired is

Field survey,Consultations withstakeholders, likelocal people, local


3-5

S.No.

ScreeningCriteria




agricultural land and nohouses observed on land.

Land transfer for theproject would not lead torelocation of homesteads.

As per the DPR and firsthand observations in thefield and throughinterviews of keystakeholders, residents,local people, has beenestablished a total of 4plots for SPS andMPS/STP and 5 plots forLCS would be required forconstruction.

No land is required forlining of drains and noencroachers are observedalong the banks of drans

No squatters orencroachers are observedin and around the landwhich is to be transferredfor the project.

residents,governmentofficials.Refer Annexure –XVII to XVIII

2.4 Any reduction ofaccess totraditional andriver dependentcommunities (toriver and areaswhere they earnfor their primaryor substantiallivelihood).

No socialimpacts

The SPS/MPS/STP andLCS sites are not locatedon any route used bytraditional and riverdependent communities.

Access to river will not beaffected

Field visits andconsultations withthe shop keepers,mobile vendors etc.Refer Annexure –XVII to XVIII

2.5 Anydisplacement oradverse impact

No socialimpacts

There are no tribalsettlements on theidentified SPS/MPS/STP

Consultations withstakeholders,including locals


3-6

S.No.

ScreeningCriteria




on tribalsettlements).

and LCS land in theproject area.

interaction, andgovernmentofficials. ReferAnnexure – XVIIto XVIII

2.6 Any specificGender issues.

No socialimpacts

No gender issues werereported during survey.Proposed LCS shall bebeneficial for weakersections as well as forwomen population of thetown.

Consultations,interviews, whichwere taken up withfemalesspecifically.

3 Will the project create significant / limited / no environmental impacts duringthe construction stage? (Significant / limited / no impacts)

3.1 Clearance ofvegetationtree-cover

NoEnvironmentalimpacts

Inner core area of Zone-1,2 & 3 is highly populatedand has insignificant treecover. The tree/ vegetationcover along the road sideswill not be affected as thesewer lines will be laid inthe center of the roads.

No tree cutting isenvisaged.

Field visits andInteraction withRajmahal NagarPanchayat.

Drawing Sheet ofSewerage Zone-1,2, 3 & 4 is enclosedas Annexure-I toIV

Photographs of siteare enclosed asAnnexure - VI

3.2 Direct dischargeof constructionrun-off improperstorage anddisposal ofexcavationspoils, wastesand otherconstructionmaterialsadverselyaffecting waterquality and flowregimes.

Limited Possibility of temporaryflushing away of un-managed spoils andconstruction wastes duringrainfall to river Ganga viastorm water drains.Considering themagnitude of project, theimpact on this account isnot expected to besignificant.

The disposal of untreatedrunoff from constructionsite could lead to effect on

Interaction withRajmahal NagarPanchayat andother Governmentofficials andconsultation withlocal residents ofsewerage Zones-1,2, 3 & 4. ReferAnnexure – XVII toXVIII

Refer Section 2.2of this report


3-7

S.No.

ScreeningCriteria




storm water flows byobstruction to flows andblockage of drains,especially during rainfall.

3.3 Flooding ofAdjacent areas

No Impact Due to construction ofsewer lines, raw sewagethat currently flows into theriver and/or overflows intothe streets will now berouted to the STP. This willprevent flooding of opensewage water intoadjacent areas. This willnot only improve theaesthetics, but would alsolead to improvement inwater pollution andassociated healthproblems.

Flooding may occur inadjacent areas if adequateprovision is not made forchannelizing the rain waterflowing from catchmentarea around the STPlocations. Provision hasbeen made to providegarland drain as pertopography and drainagepattern of the area forchannelizing the rain waterflow from adjacentcatchment areas.

Interaction withRajmahal NagarPanchayat andother Governmentofficials andconsultation withlocal residents ofsewerage Zone-1,2, 3 & 4. ReferAnnexure - XII

Refer Section 2.2of this report

3.4 Improperstorage andhandling ofsubstancesleading tocontamination ofsoil and water

Limited The storage ofconstruction relatedmaterial will not cause anycontamination since thesematerials would typicallyinclude: RCC, Concretepipes, and these are non-polluting in nature.

Drawings of Zone1, 2, 3 & 4 showssewerage networkwith roads annexedas Annexure–I toIV


3-8

S.No.

ScreeningCriteria




The project area is locatedon the banks of riverGanga. The project willhave a positive impact onthe quality of river Ganga,as the project willsignificantly reduce theBOD loading on accountof treatment of sewage,which otherwise outfalls inthe river without treatment.Thus, total BOD loadingwould reduce significantlyon account of treatment ofeffluent from STP to becommissioned as a part ofthe project.

In the event of accidentalrelease or disposalmaterials such asconstruction materials oiland greases, there may bepotential for temporarycontamination of the riverGanga via the variousdrains and nallahs insewerage Zones-1&2,during rainfall.

3.5 Elevated noiseand dustemission

Limited Sewage works,construction is likely toincrease dust and noiselevels temporarily.

Temporary impacts areexpected due to dust andincreased noise levels inhospitals, educationinstitutions, cultural andreligious buildings duringproject construction phase.

Consultation withlocal residents, andinteraction withRajmahal NagarPanchayat andother Governmentofficials. ReferAnnexure – XVIIto XVIII


3-9

S.No.

ScreeningCriteria




3.6 Disruption totrafficmovements

Limited Population of Rajmahal is22514 it is not congested& populated city.

Sewer construction leadsto the temporary digging ofroads, which can lead tomarginal disruption oftraffic movement. STP willbe constructed out of cityarea which will not disturbthe traffic.

The increase in number ofvehicles on account oftransportation ofconstruction materials, isexpected to be marginalon impact on trafficmovement the area isanticipated.

Consultation withlocal residents, andinteraction withRajmahal NagarPanchayat andother Governmentofficials. ReferAnnexure – XVII toXVIII

3.7 Damage toexistinginfrastructure,public utilities,amenities etc.

Limited There is potential fortemporarily affecting theexisting public utilities likewater supply, telephone,electricity cables, etc., ifappropriate managementmeasures are notimplemented.

Field visits andinteraction withNagar Parishadand otherGovernmentofficials andconsultation withlocal residents.

3.8 Failure torestoretemporaryconstruction

sites

No Impact Concerns regarding failureto restore or reclamation ofconstruction sites includingfailure to close andappropriately fence-offopen pits were cited assafety concerns, especiallyfor children.

Field visits andinteraction withNagar Parishadand otherGovernmentofficials andconsultation withlocal residents.

3.9 Possibleconflicts withand/or disruptionto local

Limited Population of Rajmahal is22,514 it is not congested& populated city. For thelaying of sewer works,

Consultation withlocals. ReferAnnexure – XVII toXVIII


3-10

S.No.

ScreeningCriteria




community there will be temporarydisruption to the localcommunity in terms ofaccess to roads,(especially in dense areasand narrow roads), shopsand residential areas.

Conflicts/disruption to localcommunity was inferred aslimited based on surveyresponses which indicatedthe community's ability toadapt to temporarydisruptions, and theiroverall preference for theproject.

Refer Annexure-Ito IV

3.10 Health risks dueto unhygienicconditions atworkers camps

Limited Small camps will bedeveloped for labourpopulation duringconstruction phase. As apart of tenderspecifications, it will bemandatory for thecontractor to providehygienic conditions inlabour camps withappropriate infrastructure.A detailed monitoringprogram has beensuggested to maintainhygienic condition inlabour camps. Thus, nomajor health risks areenvisaged.

3.11 Safety hazardsduringconstruction

No Impact No Impact is envisaged asappropriate safetymeasures will beimplemented duringconstruction phase.

4 Will (lie project create significant / limited / no environmental impacts during


3-11

S.No.

ScreeningCriteria




the operational stage? (Significant / limited / no impacts)

4.1 Flooding ofadjacent

areas

Not applicable Due to construction ofsewer lines, raw sewagethat currently flows into theriver and/or overflows intothe streets will now berouted to the STP. This willprevent flooding of opensewers into adjacentareas.However, accidentalleakages during operationphase stage may lead toflooding and possiblecontamination ofgroundwater.Additionally, overloadingand blockage of sewagelines could also lead tobacklogging of sewers andblocking of branch sewers.

Interaction withRajmahal NagarPanchayat andother Governmentofficials.

4.2 Impacts to waterqualify due toeffluentdischarge

Noimpacts

There will be a significantreduction in BOD loadingin river Ganga andconsequent improvementin water quality due todischarge of sewage aftertreatment from the STPsproposed in the project.

4.3 Gasemissions

Noimpacts

There will be reduction ingas emissions and foulsmell (Methane and otherbad anaerobic reactiongases) from open sewagedrains since the proposedsewage networks will lieunderground.

4.4 Safety hazards Limited Safety hazard areassociated duringconstruction and O&M


3-12

S.No.

ScreeningCriteria




stage of the project.However these will betemporary in nature.

5 Do projects ofthis nature/ typerequire priorenvironmentalclearance eitherfrom the MOEFor from arelevant stateGovernmentdepartment?(MOT- IVrelevant SlateGovernmentdepartment/ Noclearance at all)

Limitedpermissionrequired

As per EnvironmentalImpact AssessmentNotification, 2006, noclearance is required forSTPs.

However Consent toEstablish and Operate forSTP’s will be required fromState Pollution ControlBoard under Water(Prevention and Control ofpollution) Act 1974.

EnvironmentImpact AssessmentNotification, 2006

6 Does the projectinvolve any priorclearance fromthe MOEF orState Forestdepartment foreither theconversion offorest land or fortree- cutting?(Yes/No). If yes,which?

No As the project is located inurban areas and does notrequire any forest land oftree-cutting, hence no priorclearance is required fromrelevant authorities (MoEFand State ForestDepartment) under theForest (Conservation) Act,1980.

Field visits andinteraction withNagar Panchayat

3.3 CONCLUSION OF SCREENING ACTIVITYIn order to facilitate effective management and mitigation of the any impact arising from the

proposed projects, the Environmental and Social Management Framework of NRGBA

(Section #4 of ESMF report, NGRBA 2011) has grouped the pollution abatement projects/

investments in two categories namely high and low based on their pollution potential.

High: Mainly include sub-projects which are likely to have adverse impact on the

environmental and social aspects of the project influence area (including land acquisition).

Projects in this category require Environmental Clearance, as per the EIA notification of


3-13

September 14, 2006 and its subsequent amendments. An EIA study needs to be

mandatorily conducted for obtaining Environmental Clearance.

Low: Projects which are likely to cause minimal or no adverse environmental impacts on

human populations. Such projects do not require Environmental Clearance.

Based on the screening activity and the categorization of potential sub-projects of the

NGRBP, the present project of Sewerage work in Rajmahal town falls under low impactcategory since no significant issues arise from the land to be transferred for pumping

stations and Sewage Treatment Plant in Rajmahal. The sewerage network would prevent

the formation of pools of untreated sewage, overflow of open sewers, etc. This will prevent

the unsightly conditions and associated water quality and public health issues. Sewage

treatment Plants shall reduce the pollution loading and have a positive impact on the

Environmental in general and water quality in particular due to reduction in BOD levels in the

treated effluents.

In view of the above, the project would require preparation of a Chapter on Environmental

and Social assessment, as part of the DPR. The present document outlines the

Environmental and Social Impact Assessment of the proposed sewerage network and STP

project for Rajmahal town. An Environmental Management Plan along with Environmental

Monitoring Program has been recommended, which shall be implemented during various

stages of project implementation.

Although there would not be any permanent negative or adverse environmental impacts,

there may be marginal impacts like traffic blockages, dust, noise, safely hazards for

pedestrians, possible interruption in commercial activity, and accidental breakage of other

public infrastructure such as water pipes. These impacts shall be temporary in nature, as

they are likely to occur during project construction phase. Such impacts can be mitigated

with appropriate mitigation plans. However, large environmental benefits of the project

greatly outweigh the temporary inconveniences.


CHAPTER – 4REGULATIONS AND LEGAL

FRAMEWORK


4-1

CHAPTER 4REGULATIONS AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK

4.1 APPLICABLE LAWS AND REGULATIONS - ENVIRONMENTAL

The following laws and regulations are applicable to the environmental and social aspects of

the investments implemented under the programme:

• Policy and Regulatory Framework of Government of India (GoI)

• Environmental Policy and Regulations of the respective State Governments

• Legislations applicable to construction activities

4.1.1 Legal Framework of Government of IndiaThe Government of India has laid out various policy guidelines, acts and regulations

pertaining to environment. The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 is umbrella legislation for

the protection of environment. As per this Act, the responsibility to administer the legislation

has been jointly entrusted to the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) and the

Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB)/ State Pollution Control Boards (SPCBs).

4.1.2 Key Environmental Laws and RegulationsThe key environmental laws and regulations as relevant to the projects under the NGRBP

are given in Table 4.1.The key environmental regulations can also be accessed at

Table 4.1: Environmental Regulations and LegislationsS.No

Act / Rules Purpose Reason for Applicability Authority

1 EnvironmentProtection Act-1986

To protect andimprove overallenvironment

As all environmentalnotifications, rules andschedules are issuedunder this act.

MoEF, Gol,DoE, State Gov.CPCB, SPCB

2 Air (Prevention andControl of Pollution)Act, 1981

To control air pollutionby controlling emissionof air pollutants as perthe prescribedstandards.

This act will be applicableduring construction stagefor operation ofequipment, DG sets andhot mix plant. This will beapplicable if DG set isinstalled for STP.

SPCB

3 Water Prevention andControl of Pollution)Act1974

To control waterpollution by controllingdischarge of pollutantsas per the prescribedstandards

This act will be applicableduring construction andoperation phases.

SPCB

4 The Noise Pollution(Regulation andControl) Rules, 2000

The standards fornoise for day and nighthave beenpromulgated by theMoEF for various landuses.

This act will be applicablefor all constructionequipment deployed atworksite.

SPCB


4-2

S.No

Act / Rules Purpose Reason for Applicability Authority

5 Central Motor VehicleAct 1988

To check vehicular airand noise pollution.

This rule will beapplicable to vehiclesdeployed for constructionactivities and constructionmachinery.

Motor VehicleDepartment

6 Forest ConservationAct 1980

For the diversion offorest land for non-forest purpose

This act is not applicableif forest land is notacquired. However fortree cutting thepermission from theconcerned Forestdepartment is requiredprior to the tree cutting

Regional ForestDepartment

4.2 APPLICABLE LAWS AND REGULATIONS - SOCIALAll strategic interventions on human development, spread across all social issues, need

directives of policies and legal support to operationalize the appropriate actions. These

policies and legislations help to overcome the constraints and support administrator,

implementer, community and individual in delivery of justice. This section includes the

National policies and Acts as detailed under:

National Policies and Actsi) National Tribal Policy, 2006.

ii) The Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition,

Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013.

4.2.1 National Policies and ActsThe National Tribal Policy (2006)The Policy has the following objectives:

Regulatory Protection• Providing an environment conducive to the preservation of traditional and customary

systems and regime of rights and concessions enjoyed by different ST communities,

and reconciliation of modes of socio-economic development with these.

• Preventing alienation of land owned by STs and restoring possession of wrongfully

alienated lands.

• Protection and vesting of rights of STs on forestlands and other forest rights including

ownership over minor forest produce (MFP), minerals and water bodies through

appropriate legislations and conversion of all forest villages into revenue villages.

• Providing a legislative frame for rehabilitation and resettlement in order to minimize

displacement, ensure that affected persons are partners in the growth in the zone of


4-3

influence, provide for compensation of social and opportunity cost in addition to

market value of the land and rights over common property (NPV).

• Empowerment of tribal communities to promote self-governance and self-rule as per

the provisions and spirit of the Panchayat (Extension to the Scheduled Areas) Act,

1996.

• Protection of political rights to ensure greater and active participation of tribal peoples

in political bodies at all levels.

4.2.2 The Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition,Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013.

The Act is applicable to the whole of India except the state of Jammu and Kashmir. The

provisions of this Act relating to land acquisition, compensation, rehabilitation and

resettlement, shall apply, when:

Government acquires land for its own use, hold and control, including land for Public

sector undertakings.

Government acquires land with the ultimate purpose to transfer it for the use of

private companies for stated public purpose

Government acquires land for Public Private Partnership Projects.

Only Rehabilitation & Resettlement provisions will apply when:

Private companies purchase land for a project, and the same exceeds the area

thresholds set by the State Governments for such purchase.

Schedule I outlines the proposed minimum compensation based on a multiple of market

value

Schedule II through VI outlines the resettlement and rehabilitation entitlements to land

owners and livelihood losers, which shall be in addition to the minimum compensation per

Schedule I.

The Land Acquisition Process Flow


4-4

4.3 OTHER LEGISLATIONS APPLICABLE TO CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS UNDERNGRBP

Construction stage generally involves equity, safety and public health issues. The

construction agencies therefore will be required to comply with laws of the land, which

include interalia, the following:

1. Workmen's Compensation Act 1923 (the Act provides for compensation in case of

injury by accident arising out of and during the course of employment);

2. Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972 (gratuity is payable to an employee under the Act on

satisfaction of certain conditions on separation if an employee has completed 5

years);

3. Employees PF and Miscellaneous Provision Act 1952 (the Act provides for monthly

contributions by the employer plus workers);

4. Maternity Benefit Act, 1951 (the Act provides for leave and some other benefits to

women employees in case of confinement or miscarriage, etc.);

5. Contract Labor (Regulation and Abolition) Act, 1970 (the Act provides for certain

welfare measures to be provided by the contractor to contract labour);

6. Minimum Wages Act, 1948 (the employer is supposed to pay not less than the

Minimum Wages fixed by the Government as per provisions of the Act);


4-5

7. Payment of Wages Act, 1936 (it lays down as to by what date the wages are to be

paid, when it will be paid and what deductions can be made from the wages of the

workers);

8. Equal Remuneration Act, 1979 (the Act provides for payment of equal wages for

work of equal nature to Male and Female workers and not for making discrimination

against Female employees);

9. Payment of Bonus Act, 1965 (the Act provides for payments of annual bonus subject

to a minimum of 83.3% of wages and maximum of 20% of wages);

10. Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 (the Act lays down the machinery and procedure for

resolution of industrial disputes, in what situations a strike or lock-out becomes illegal

and what are the requirements for laying off or retrenching the employees or closing

down the establishment);

11. Industrial Employment (Standing Orders) Act; 1946 (the Act provides for laying down

rules governing the conditions of employment);

12. Trade Unions Act, 1926 (the Act lays down the procedure for registration of trade

unions of workers and employers. The trade unions registered under the Act have

been given certain immunities from civil and criminal liabilities);

13. Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986 (the Act prohibits employment of

children below 14 years of age in certain occupations and processes and provides for

regulation of employment of children in all other occupations and processes.

Employment of child labour is prohibited in Building and Construction Industry);

14. Inter-State Migrant Workmen’s (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of

Service) Act, 1979 (the inter-state migrant workers, in an establishment to which this

Act becomes applicable, are required to be provided certain facilities such as

housing, medical aid, travelling expenses from home to the establishment and back,

etc.);

15. The Building and Other Construction Workers (Regulation of Employment and

Conditions of Service) Act, 1996 and the Cess Act of 1996 (all the establishments

who carry on any building or other construction work and employs 10 or more

workers are covered under this Act; the employer of the establishment is required to

provide safety measures at the building or construction work and other welfare

measures, such as canteens, first-aid facilities, ambulance, housing accommodation

for Workers near the workplace, etc.);

16. The Factories Act, 1948 (the Act lays down the procedure for approval of plans

before setting up a factory, health and safety provisions, welfare provisions, working


4-6

hours and rendering information-regarding accidents or dangerous occurrences to

designated authorities);

17. Hazardous Wastes (Management and Handling) Rules, 1989 (the Rules govern

handling, movement and disposal of hazardous waste);

18. Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemicals Rules 1989, amended

1994 and 2000 (the Rules provide indicative criteria for hazardous chemicals and

require occupiers to identify major accident hazards and prepare on-site and off-site

emergency plans).


CHAPTER – 5BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL

AND SOCIAL STATUS


5-1

CHAPTER – 5BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL STATUS

5.1 INTRODUCTIONThe baseline environmental and social status is important to understand the region's existing

physical and biological characteristics along with cultural and social status of the residing

community. The information and data presented in this chapter is based on field surveys,

stake-holder interaction/consultation and review of secondary data. The information outlined

in the DPR is the major source of information. The published data of Central Ground Water

Department, Bureau of Soil Survey & Land Use Planning, which is part of ICAR has also

been suitably incorporated in this Chapter. Field studies have been conducted for

assessment of surface & ground water quality, soil quality, ambient air quality and ambient

noise level in the area. The information on the baseline environmental conditions forms the

basis to analyze the probable impacts of the proposed project vis-a-vis the present

background environmental quality of the core study area.

The information presented in this chapter has been categorized Environmental and social

Aspects.

5.2 BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS5.2.1 PhysiographyRajmahal in Sahibganj District as a whole occupies the inter-fluvial belt of Ganga River in the

north. River Ganga is a perennial river, which carries huge volumes of water during the rainy

season. The town is located adjoining the river Ganga. The highest recorded flood level of

river Ganga is 28.22 m. Four number of drains carrying sewage and storm water from

different areas of the town form the natural drainage of the Rajmahal.

5.2.2 ClimateThe project area experiences hot summer, cold winter with good rainfall. The year may be

divided into four seasons. The summer season lasts from March to about middle of June,

followed by the south-west monsoon season from mid-June to the mid of October. The

period up to November constitutes the post-monsoon or transition period. The winter season

lasts from December to February. The nearest IMD station is at Ranchi, and the data

collected at this station has been used to describe the meteorological conditions in the

project area. The average meteorological conditions observed at the IMD station Ranchi are

given in Table 5.1.

Table-5.1: Average Meteorological Conditions

MonthTemperature (oC) Wind

Velocity(km/hr)

Meanrainfall(mm)

Humidity (%)

Maximum Minimum 08:30Hrs

17:30Hrs

January 24.1 9.5 3.2 19.4 58 51February 27.5 12.1 4.0 30.3 52 44


5-2

MonthTemperature (oC) Wind

Velocity(km/hr)

Meanrainfall(mm)

Humidity (%)

Maximum Minimum 08:30Hrs

17:30Hrs

March 31.9 16.2 4.5 28.8 50 39April 36.3 20.8 5.2 31.7 45 36May 38.5 23.7 5.1 39.6 48 38June 34.9 23.6 6.3 174.5 68 61July 30.0 21.7 6.1 354.2 84 81August 29.7 22.0 4.7 306.9 86 82September 29.5 21.5 4.3 283.0 83 80October 29.3 18.8 3.0 97.7 72 70November 26.7 13.2 2.5 7.7 57 56December 24.3 9.7 2.3 3.0 56 55Source: India Meteorological Department data

TemperatureGenerally, April, May and the early part of June are the hottest period of the year, with an

maximum temperature of about 38.5oC. With the onset of monsoons, there is a steady drop

in day and night temperature. December and January are generally the coolest month of the

year, with mean minimum temperature of 9.5oC. The month-wise variation of maximum and

minimum temperatures is shown in Figure-5.1.

Figure-5.1: Month-wise Variation of Maximum and Minimum TemperaturesRainfallThe annual rainfall in the project area is 1376.8 mm. The average number of rainy days (i.e.

days with more than 2.5 mm rainfall) in a year is 73.6. About 78% of the rainfall is received

under the influence of south-west monsoons. Some rainfall is also received in the period

from April to May. The month wise rainfall received in the project area district is depicted in

Figure-5.2.

051015202530354045

Temperature (oC) Maximum

Temperature (oC) Minimum


5-3

Figure-5.2: Month wise Rainfall Received in the Project Area DistrictWindsThe winds are generally light with an increase in force in summer and the south-west

monsoons. The average wind velocity is highest in the months of June-July (6.1 to 6.3

km/hr). The wind speed is generally calm throughout the year. The predominant wind

direction is from north and north-west in winter season, for south in summer season and

from east and north-east in monsoon season.

HumidityThe humidity is generally low throughout the year, except during monsoon months, when

relative humidity is close to 85%. The summer months are generally the driest months of the

year. The month-wise variations in humidity are depicted in Figure-5.3.

Figure-5.3: Month-wise Variations in Humidity in the Project Area District5.2.3 GeologyMajor part of the district is characterized by undulating topography covered by basaltic flows

of Rajmahal Trap. The district is mainly drained by the rivers Ganga, Gumani and Morang.

All three rivers are seasonal in nature except river Ganga. The river Gumani and Morang

050100150200250300350400

Mean rainfall in mm

0102030405060708090100

Humidity (%) 08:30 Hrs

Humidity (%) 17:30 Hrs


5-4

contribute to the major surface run-off during monsoon. The main geomorphological features

of the district are scarps on the northern part of the area. Figure-5.4 shows geological

formations of the project area and its vicinity. Geological formations mainly younger alluvium

and unclassified Granities and Gneisses including Charnockites are found in study area.

Figure-5.4: Geological Map of the Project Area and its Vicinity


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5.2.4 HydrogeologyRajmahal Trap is the major rock type in Sahibganj district. The other geological formations of

the district are alluvium and Laterite. The alluvium occurs in the northern portion of district, in

which Rajmahal town is located. The alluvium comprises mainly of sand and sub-ordinate

clay. Laterites are mainly of in-situ origin and have been formed by sub-aerial erosion of

underlying basalts under favorable climatic conditions. Laterites provide a productive ground

water reservoir due to its very porous and permeable nature.

Rajmahal traps having a large thickness of basaltic lava flows occurs in the major part of the

district. The different units of the lava flows are the main water bearing horizons in basaltic

formation. The basic properties such as the ability to receive recharge, capacity to take

water in to storage and transmit it as ground water by gravity are different for different litho

units of the trappean flows. The massive basaltic unit is hard and compact in nature with

negligible primary porosity and permeability. But the process of weathering and development

of secondary porosity such as joints and fractures makes it to act as good ground water

reservoir. The vesicular units have abundant vesicles that contribute towards

hydrogeological properties and thus have high degree of porosity and permeability to serve

as potential aquifers. The ground water occurs in near surface in weathered, jointed and

fractured basaltic zone under water table conditions. The water bearing zone occurring

between depths of 3-9 m are either interflow weathered shear zones or directly connected to

shallow aquifer in widely spaced major joints and fractures and forms semi confined aquifer.

5.2.5 SoilsThe major soil type of the district is the Rajmahal type soil witch derived from basaltic lava.

These soils are black in colour, very fertile and restricted to Rajmahal lava areas.

The soils occurring in different landforms have been characterized during soil resource

mapping of the state on 1:250,000 scale (Halder et al. 1996) and four soil orders namely

Entisols, Inceptisols, Alfisols and Vertoisols were observed in Sahibganj district. Figure-5.5

shows soil map of the project area and its vicinity.

As a part of study, soil quality was monitored in the month of April 2014. The following

sampling locations were covered (Refer Figure-5.6).

S1 : Agricultural LandS2 : Agricultural LandS3 : Agricultural LandS4 : Agricultural Land

The results of soil sampling analysis are given in Table-5.2 and Report from the tasking

Laboratory is enclosed as Annexure – VIII.Table-5.2: Results of Soil Sampling in Rajmahal TownS.No. Tests S1 S2 S3 S41 pH Value 7.14 8.02 8.26 7.432 Bulk Density, g/cm3 1.19 1.20 1.20 1.24


5-6

S.No. Tests S1 S2 S3 S43 Electrical Conductivity, millimohs/cm 0.142 0.303 0.176 0.0464 Chloride (as Cl), mg/kg 304.68 328.47 330.47 376.385 Total Alkalinity (as CaCO3), mg/kg 1301.43 1417.02 1639.37 621.096 Water Holding Capacity, % 75.6 61.4 80.8 61.47 Organic Carbon, % 1.98 1.82 3.22 2.628 Sodium Absorption Ratio 0.08 0.08 0.14 0.129 Sodium (as Na), mg/kg 100.96 128.94 134.25 109.3810 Potassium (as K), mg/kg 2530.62 2192.11 2496.32 1386.3111 Calcium (as Ca), mg/kg 4705.67 9964.91 9569.96 2584.8912 Magnesium (as Mg), mg/kg 3459.02 3595.73 3807.42 1730.8213 Texture Silty Clay Silty Clay Clay Clay

Figure-5.5: Soil Map of the Project Area and its Vicinity


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Figure-5.6: Soil Sampling Locations in RajmahalThe electrical conductivity levels indicate that salinity levels are low. The sodium Absorption

Ratio ranged from 0.08 to 0.14 which also indicates low salt control in the soils. The texture

at various samples was observed on silty clay and clay.

5.2.6 SeismicitySmall tremors have occurred in the Jharkhand as well as along the borders with the

adjoining states of Bihar, Orissa and West Bengal. The Tatapani Fault in the western part

of the state has been active since the Holocene period and extends across the border into

the neighbouring state of Chhattisgarh. The Munger-Saharsa Ridge Marginal Fault runs in

a north-south direction through the eastern districts of the state before entering West

Bengal. However, it must be stated that proximity to faults does not necessarily translate

into a higher hazard as compared to areas located further away, as damage from

earthquakes depends on numerous factors such as subsurface geology as well as

adherence to the building codes.


5-8

The northern districts of Jharkhand including Sahibganj district that lie along the border

with the neighbouring state of Bihar as well as the districts in the north-eastern part of the

state lie in Zone III. The maximum intensity expected in these areas would be around

MSK VII. The seismic zoning map of India is shown in Figure 5.7.

Figure-5.7: Seismic Zoning Map of India


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5.2.7 Surface Water QualityAs a part of the field studies, surface water monitored in the month of April 2014. The

sampling locations are shown in Figure-5.8. The results of surface water quality monitoring

are given in Table-5.3 and Test Report from Laboratory is enclosed as Annexure – IX.

Figure-5.8: Surface and Ground Water Sampling Locations in Rajmahal TownTable-5.3: Surface Water Quality in the Project AreaParameters Unit Pond Ward No.

2 (W1)Pond Ward No. 11

(W2)pH -- 7.96 7.89Electrical Conductivity mhos/cm 336.0 352.0Total Alkalinity (as CaCO3) mg/l 158.84 163.02Chlorides as Cl mg/l 16.87 20.24Total Hardness (as CaCO3) mg/l 152.0 148.0Calcium as Ca mg/l 33.66 30.46Magnesium as Mg mg/l 16.52 17.49Nitrates as NO3 mg/l 0.88 0.34Sulphates as SO4 mg/l 16.66 16.19Iron mg/l 1.56 0.12Phosphates as PO4 mg/l <0.04 <0.04Total Silica (as SiO2) mg/l 9.50 3.75BOD (3 days at 27oC) mg/l 4.0 Nil


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Parameters Unit Pond Ward No.2 (W1)

Pond Ward No. 11(W2)

COD mg/l 12.27 NilOil & Grease mg/l <2.0 <2.0Total Suspended solids mg/l 18.0 8.0Sodium as Na mg/l 20.06 28.64Potassium as K mg/l 3.94 4.02Phenolic compounds (as C6H5OH) mg/l <0.001 <0.001Arsenic (as AS) mg/l <0.01 <0.01Total Chromium (as Cr) mg/l <0.01 <0.01Mercury as Hg mg/l <0.01 <0.01Copper as Cu mg/l <0.01 <0.01Zinc as Zn mg/l 0.04 0.02Cadmium as Cd mg/l <0.01 <0.01Lead as Pb mg/l <0.01 <0.01Residual Sodium Carbonate mg/l 0.13 0.30Coliform MPN/100 ml <2.0 >1600

The pH level in various seasons ranged from 7.96 to 7.89 indicating neutral nature of water.

The pH level is within the permissible limit of 6.5 to 8.5, specified for meeting domestic water

requirements.

The concentration of chlorides ranged from 16.87 to 20.24 mg/l. The chlorides level in

surface water samples was well below the permissible limit of 200 mg/l.

The sulphates level in various samples ranged from 16.19 to 16.68 mg/l. The sulphates level

were well below the permissible limit of 200 mg/l

The hardness level ranged from 148 to 150 mg/l, which is below the permissible limit of 200

mg/l.

The BOD value in Pond in ward no. 2 was observed 4.0 mg/l which indicates that the organic

pollution loading of the water body. The concentration of various heavy metals was below

the detectable limits, indicating the suitability of water for meeting domestic requirements.

The concentration of phenolic compounds was also below the detectable limits.

The oil & grease level were below 2.0 mg/l in the surface samples.

5.2.8 Groundwater QualityGround water in Sahibganj district is monitored by Central Ground Water Board (CGWB).

Ground water level in Sahibganj district in is 0.86-7.67 mbgl and level is 4-5 mbgl in

Rajmahal town. Long term water level trend during pre-monsoon season shows fall of 0.184

m, rise of 0.003 m post-monsoon season and average annual fall of 0.016 m for existing

hydrograph network stations in Sahibganj district. Figure-5.9 shows pre-monsoon and post-

monsoon ground water level in Sahibganj District.


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Figure-5.9: Pre-monsoon and Post-monsoon Ground Water Level in Sahibganj District

Groundwater quality was monitored in the month of April 2014. The groundwater samplings

were conducted at the following locations and are shown in Figure-5.8.

GW-1 : Handpump Ward No. 1GW-2 : Handpump Nagar Panchayat OfficeGW-3 : Handpump Near Kasim BazarGW-4 : Handpump Ward No.11GW-5 : Handpump Near Jail

The results of analysis of groundwater samples are given in Table-5.4 and Test Report from

Laboratory is enclosed as Annexure – IX.

Table-5.4: Ground Water Quality in the Study AreaParameter Unit GW-1 GW-2 GW-3 GW-4 GW-5pH -- 7.92 7.33 7.22 7.74 7.07Electrical Conductivity mhos/cm 692.0 898.0 8.06 746.0 1354.0Total Alkalinity (as CaCO3) mg/l 167.20 355.30 321.86 242.44 229.90Chlorides as Cl mg/l 94.49 77.62 70.87 77.62 172.11Total Hardness (as CaCO3) mg/l 172.0 380.0 372.0 316.0 380.0Calcium as Ca mg/l 40.08 120.24 121.80 84.96 91.38Magnesium as Mg mg/l 17.49 19.44 16.52 25.27 36.93Nitrates as NO3 mg/l 0.38 0.44 0.28 0.32 21.73Sulphates as SO4 mg/l 16.72 19.52 25.23 24.28 89.04Iron mg/l 0.16 0.18 0.08 0.16 31.60Phosphates as PO4 mg/l <0.04 <0.04 <0.04 <0.04 <0.04


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Parameter Unit GW-1 GW-2 GW-3 GW-4 GW-5Total Silica (as SiO2) mg/l 3.25 12.0 8.50 8.0 30.0BOD (3 days at 27oC) mg/l 1.0 2.0 Nil 3.0 4.0COD mg/l 4.09 8.18 Nil 12.27 24.54Oil & Grease mg/l <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 <2.0Sodium as Na mg/l 56.24 44.0 24.94 22.82 72.28Potassium as K mg/l 8.46 6.0 8.08 6.64 12.02Phenolic compounds(asC6H5OH)

mg/l <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001

Arsenic (as AS) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01Total Chromium (as Cr) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01Mercury as Hg mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01Copper as Cu mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01Zinc as Zn mg/l 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.04 0.08Cadmium as Cd mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01Lead as Pb mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01Residual Sodium Carbonate mg/l zero zero zero zero zeroColiform MPN/100 ml <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 >1600

The pH level ranges from 7.07 to 7.92 at various stations covered as a part of the study. This

indicates neutral nature of the water, and is within the permissible limit specified for meeting

drinking water requirements.

The chlorides level ranged from 70.87 to 172.11 mg/l. The chlorides level in groundwater

samples was well below the permissible limit of 200 mg/l.

Sulphates ion is one of the major anions occurring in natural water. It is an important

parameter because of its cathartic affect, when it is present in higher concentration. The

sulphates level ranged from 16.72 to 89.04 mg/l in various ground water samples collected

as a part of field studies. The hardness level ranged from 172.0 to 380.0 mg/l.

In some of the samples, hardness level is alone the permissible limit of 200 mg/l.

The hardness level in ground water samples from handpumps near NP office and Jail are

above the permissible limit, but is well within the range for rejection limit of 600 mg/l.

Ground water sample no. GW-4 and GW-5 taken from shallow handpumps near ward no. 11

and near Jail indicated that raw sewage due to open defecation and effluent from septic

tanks is seeping in the ground water. As a result, ground water quality is degraded which is

reflected in higher BOD level. The absence of proper sewerage system, open defecation and

stagnant pools of effluent from septic tanks is commonly observed in the Rajmahal, which

also affects the groundwater quality.

The concentration of various heavy metals was observed to below the detectable limits,

indicating the suitability of water for meeting domestic requirements. The concentration of

phenolic compounds was also below the detectable limits.

The oil & grease level were below detectable limits in all the samples, which is expected in

ground water.


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5.2.9 Ambient Air QualityThe ambient air quality with respect to the study area around the proposed site forms the

baseline information. The study area represents rural environment. The sources of air

pollution in the region are vehicular traffic, dust arising from paved and unpaved roads and

fuel combustion. The prime objective of the baseline air quality study was to establish the

existing ambient air quality of the area.

The Ambient Air Quality Monitoring (AAQM) was conducted at various locations as shown in

Figure-5.10. Ambient air quality monitoring has been carried out with a frequency of two

samples per week for two consecutive weeks. The ambient air quality monitoring was

conducted in April 2014.

The baseline data of ambient air environment has been generated for the mentioned

parameters as given below:

Particulate Matter less than 10 microns (PM10) Particulate Matter less than 2.5 microns (PM2.5) Sulphur dioxide (SO2) Oxides of Nitrogen (NO2) Carbon monoxide (CO)

The results of ambient air quality monitoring conducted in the month of April 2014 are given

in Table-5.5. The summary of findings of ambient air quality monitoring survey is given in

Table-5.6 and Test Report from Laboratory is enclosed as Annexure – X.

Pictorial view of Air Sampling in Rajmahal


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Figure-5.10: Location of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations in the Study Area

Table-5.5: Results of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring (Unit: g/m3)Sample Station Location PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NO2 COA1 Mahajantoli Ghat 65.87 44.31 22.19 29.27 0.62

71.41 41.59 21.87 28.58 0.6174.68 45.49 23.67 30.79 0.6368.27 42.69 20.81 27.83 0.59

A2 Nogachhi Pul 74.14 45.11 20.04 27.18 0.6072.27 43.55 21.58 28.76 0.6274.69 44.57 22.23 29.68 0.6370.77 41.97 21.86 28.97 0.62

A3 LCT Ghat/ GudaraGhat

67.01 43.23 20.04 27.53 0.5969.36 42.07 22.17 28.05 0.5871.31 45.18 21.32 27.94 0.6073.43 40.50 22.84 29.27 0.62

A4

Near Sirsi Majar

65.09 41.68 19.46 26.92 0.5866.83 42.95 21.48 27.39 0.6167.15 43.27 22.19 28.51 0.6068.34 44.17 23.29 29.07 0.62


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Table-5.6: Summary of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring in the Study Area (Unit: g/m3)Sample Station

LocationParameter Average Maximum Minimum National

StandardA1 Mahajantoli

GhatPM10 70.05 74.68 65.87 100PM2.5 43.52 45.49 41.59 60SO2 22.13 23.67 20.81 80NO2 29.11 30.79 27.83 80CO 0.61 0.63 0.59 4000

A2 Nogachhi Pul PM10 72.96 74.69 70.77 100PM2.5 43.8 45.11 41.97 60SO2 21.42 22.23 20.04 80NO2 28.64 29.68 27.18 80CO 0.61 0.63 0.60 4000

A3 LCT Ghat/Gudara Ghat

PM10 70.27 73.43 67.01 100PM2.5 42.74 45.18 40.50 60SO2 21.59 22.84 20.04 80NO2 28.19 29.27 27.53 80CO 0.59 0.62 0.58 4000

A4 Near SirsiMajor

PM10 66.85 68.34 65.09 100PM2.5 43.01 44.17 41.68 60SO2 21.60 23.29 19.46 80NO2 27.97 29.07 26.92 80CO 0.60 0.62 0.58 4000

Observations on ambient PM10 levelsThe PM10 levels as observed at various stations in the study area ranged from 65.87 µg/m3

to 74.14 µg/m3. The highest PM10 value was recorded as 74.14 µg/m3 at Nogachi pul. The

PM10 levels monitored during the field survey were within the permissible limit of 100 g/m3

specified for industrial, residential, rural and other areas.

Observations on ambient PM2.5 levelsThe PM2.5 levels as observed at various stations in the study area ranged from 40.50 µg/m3

to 45.49 µg/m3. The highest PM2.5 value was recorded as 45.49 µg/m3 at Mahajan toil ghat.

The PM2.5 levels monitored during the field survey were within the permissible limit of 60

g/m3 specified for industrial, residential, rural and other areas.

Observations on ambient NO2 levelsThe NO2 levels as observed at various stations in the study area ranged from 27.18 µg/m3 to

30.79 µg/m3. The highest average NO2 value of 30.79 µg/m3 was observed at Mahajan toil

ghat. The NO2 levels monitored during the field survey were well below the permissible limit

of 80 g/m3 specified for industrial, residential, rural and other areas.

Observation on ambient SO2 levelsThe SO2 levels as observed at various stations in the study area ranged from 19.46 µg/m3 to

23.67 µg/m3. The highest average SO2 value was recorded as 23.67 µg/m3 at Mahajan toil

ghat. The SO2 levels monitored during the field survey were well below the permissible limit

of 80 g/m3 specified for industrial, residential, rural and other areas.


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Observations on ambient CO levelsThe CO levels as observed at various stations in the study area ranged from 0.58 mg/m3

(580 µg/m3) to 0.63 mg/m3 (630 µg/m3). The CO levels monitored during the field survey

were well below the permissible limit of 4000 µg/m3 specified for industrial, residential, rural

and other areas.

Table-5.7: National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) and WHORecommendations

Parameter TimeWeightedAverage

Concentration in Ambient Air WHORecommendationsResidential

Rural andother area

IndustrialArea

SensitiveArea

Sulphur Dioxide(μg/m3)

24 Hours 80 80 80 100-150Annual 50 50 20 40-60

Nitrogen Oxide(μg/m3)

24 Hours 80 80 80 150Annual 40 40 30 -

ParticulateMatter (Sizeless than 10,µm) or PM10,µg/m3

24 Hours 60 60 60 70Annual 100 100 100 -

ParticulateMatter (Sizeless than 2.5,µm) or PM2.5,µg/m3

24 Hours 60 60 60 150-230Annual 40 40 40 60-90

5.2.10 Noise EnvironmentNoise level monitoring was carried out by consultant at four locations, is as shown in Table

5.7 below. Monitoring stations were strategically located within the study area at STP sites

and Sewage Pumping sites come under Rajmahal, that provide idea of expected noise

levels. Figure-5.11 shows the location of noise monitoring stations in Rajmahal.

Table 5.8: Noise Monitoring Station

Location Land MarkN1 Near Kasim Bazar GhatN2 Near Ferry Ghat RoadN3 Near Sisir MajarN4 Ward No. 11

The day time equivalent noise levels are given in Table-5.8. The noise levels were

monitored continuously for day time for 6 AM to 9 PM at each location and hourly equivalent

noise level was measured. Sound Pressure Level (SPL) measurement in the ambient

environment was made using sound pressure level meter. The ambient noise level

monitoring results, which were observed during the field survey in summer April 2014 for the


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study area, are presented in Table-5.8. The monitoring was carried out in day time, at

sampling locations, where ambient air quality monitoring was carried out.

Table 5.9: Summary of Noise Level Monitored Data Code Range of Noise Levels[Leqin dB (A)]

Time Location 1 Location 2 Location 3 Location 46-7 AM 48 50 48 477-8 AM 50 52 49 508-9 AM 50 51 50 509-10 AM 51 52 51 5410-11 AM 52 55 52 5211-12 Noon 53 54 52 5212 Noon -1 PM 52 52 53 521-2 PM 52 54 54 512-3 PM 50 50 50 503-4 PM 50 50 50 504-5 PM 52 52 52 525-6 PM 52 52 52 526-7 PM 50 52 52 537-8 PM 53 52 53 528-9 PM 49 48 49 47Leq day 51.16 52.07 51.44 51.31

Note:• Permissible limit laid down by CPCB: Residential area (55 day time and 45 night time),

Commercial area (65 day time and 55 night time)and Industrial area (75 day time and 70night time)

• *dB(A) Leq denotes the time weighted average of the level of sound in decibels on scaleA which is relatable to human hearing.

• Leq: It is an energy mean of the noise level over a specified time period

The day time equivalent noise level at various sampling stations ranged from 51.16 to 52.07

dB (A) during the study period. The noise levels were observed to be well within permissible

limits of 55 dB (A) specified for residential area.

Table-5.10 : Ambient Noise StandardsArea Code Category of Area Limits in dB(A) Leq

Day Time Night TimeA Industrial 75 70B Commercial 65 55C Residential 55 45D Silence 50 40

Notes:1. Day time 6 AM and 9 PM2. Night time is 9 PM and 6 AM3. Silence zone is defined as areas upto 100 metres around such premises as hospitals,

educational institutions and courts. The silence zones are to be declared by competentauthority. Use of vehicular horns, loudspeakers and bursting of crackers shall be banned inthese zones.

4. Environment (Protection) Third Amendment Rules, 2000 Gazettee notification, Government ofIndia, date 14.2.2000.


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Pictorial view of noise sampling

Figure-5.11: Sampling Location for Noise Monitoring Stations in Study Area


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5.2.11 Water EnvironmentAt present the city has no organized water supply system and the populations are mostly

dependent on spot sources like well and tube wells. Majority of the house owners have their

own bore wells within their premises and the population who have no such systems are

solely dependent on government hand tube well, people who are economically sound have

their own tube wells fitted with electrically operated pumps. Under present scenario the

situation becomes worse during summer season.

Piped water supply facility for a limited area was in existence till the end of the last decade

but the system became defunct at the end of the last decade due to diminishing yield of the

tube wells. The Government then took the initiative to improve the water supply status in the

town some time during the period 1990-92. The Water Supply scheme will be implemented

in Rajmahal considering the rate of water supply @ 135 lpcd. It consisted of intake well and

a surface level reservoir and underground water pipe line. The future water demands of

Rajmahal are shown in Table-5.11.

Table 5.11: Future Water Demands of RajmahalYear Population Total Demand (MLD)2011 22514 3.0392047 37915 5.119

5.2.12 Storm Water DrainageStorm water drainage system is functional throughout Rajmahal town. Drains are lined and

covered by Rajmahal Nagar Panchayat under the “Roads and Drainage” fund available to

them every year. The town has four storm water drains namely Mahajan toil drain, Neel

Kothi Drain, Kasim Bazar Drain and Ferry Ghat Drain. Rainwater as well as domestic waste

flows through these drains, eventually falling into river Ganga. The human and animal waste

is also flushed by runoff and carried to rivers by these drains thereby polluting river water. As

these drains pass from residential areas and carries human waste, they create foul smell

and unhygienic conditions. Drain quality was monitored in the month of May 2014. Following

sampling locations were covered and Test Report from Laboratory is enclosed as Annexure– XI.Drain – 1 : Neel Kothi DrainDrain – 2 : Mahajan Toli DrainDrain – 3 : Kasim Bazar Drain

Table-5.12: Results of Strom Water in DrainsParameter Drain - 1 Drain - 2 Drain - 3

Chemical AnalysisCOD (as O2), mg/l 196.27 535.92 112.75Free Ammonia, mg/l Nil Nil nilChemical TolerancespH Value at 25°C 7.65 7.62 7.40BOD3 Days at 27°C, mg/l 70 192 40


5-20

Parameter Drain - 1 Drain - 2 Drain - 3General ParametersTotal Solids Dissolved (TDS), mg/l 1120 1318 1014Microbiological AnalysisColiform, MPN/100ml 23 4 240Fecal Coliform, MPN/100 ml Present Absent Present

The BOD & COD levels ranged from 40 to 192 mg/l and 112.75 to 535.97 mg/l respectively.

Open defecation was commonly observed on the banks of the ponds, which is main factor of

degradation of water quality. Moreover, these drains carry effluent from septic tanks also.

High BOD & COD levels indicate pollution on account of disposal of untreated sewage. This

fact is also confirmed by low DO and high coliform values.

5.2.13 Solid Waste ManagementCondition of Solid Waste Management in the city of Rajmahal is not up to the mark and need

substantial improvement. Solid waste management is a civic responsibility and in spite of the

substantial expenditure incurred on it, proper sanitary condition is not achieved. There are

inadequate number of dust bins so generated municipal solid waste does not gets stored in

community dust bins and solid waste gets heaped on road/ street side. On an average more

than 85% of the population disposes off their solid waste on streets, open space, lanes and

nearby ponds. This system has resulted in unhygienic conditions in the city. Less than 60%

of the generated municipal solid waste is collected and transported. Inefficiency in the

collection and transportation of waste creates aesthetic problem like smell and order

proliferation of flies and mosquitoes and other vectors leading to transfer of infection

resulting in increased diseases & morbidity.

A proper land fill site is not developed by the Rajmahal Nagar Panchayat. Presently solid

waste is dumped at pond in Ward No. 7. Due to lack of appropriate disposal system even the

collection and transportation efficiency is adversely affected. Average generation of Solid

Waste indicated in the Nagar Panchayat report as 230.50 gm per capita per day i.e. 8.74

MT/per day.

The solid waste management is handled by Rajmahal Nagar Panchayat, which involves

primary collection, storage at source of generation, segregation of recyclable materials,

transportation, and treatment & disposal. During the year 2008-09 a detailed Study was

conducted by the Regional Centre for Urban and Environmental Studies (RCUES), Lucknow

on behalf of Nagar Panchayat of Rajmahal. The Total Cost for Solid Waste Management has

been estimated as Rs. 10.0 Crore. Representative pictures of observed open dumping of

solid waste in Rajmahal are shown below and for allotment of Land fill site (Area 5 ha.) a

letter has been written to DC Rajmahal by Ex. Officer Rajmahal Nagar Panchayat, a copy of

that letter is enclosed as Annexure – XII.


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Present Solid Waste Dumping Site at Ward No. 7

As a result of such practices, the entire area in and around the disposal sites is unhygienic

and poses a serious threat to the environment and to the public health. Open dumping of

wastes also causes unhealthy and unhygienic conditions throughout the city. Solid waste

removed from proposed various project components will be dumped on designated landfill

site.

5.2.14 Strom Drainage SedimentsAs a part of ESAMP study, sediments deposited at the bottom of 4 storm drains flowing in

Rajmahal were collected and analyzed for various parameters, required for safe disposal of

sludge at designated landfill site. Sampling is done on 4 Strom drains near the tail end of

drains where sediment deposits before the outfall into river Ganga. Following sampling

locations for drain sediments monitored in the month of September 2014 and Test Report

from Laboratory is enclosed as Annexure – XIII.Sediment in Drain – 1: Mahajan Toli DrainSediment in Drain – 2: Neel Kothi DrainSediment in Drain – 3: Kasim Bazar DrainSediment in Drain – 4: Ferry Ghat Drain

Mahajan Toli Drain Neel Kothi Drain


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Ferry Ghat Drain Kasim Bazar Drain

Table-5.13: Sediment Quality of Drains

Parameter Drain - 1Mahajan Toli

Drain - 2Neel Kothi

Drain - 3Kasim Bazar

Drain - 4Ferry Ghat

pH 7.93 7.61 7.72 7.83Total Alkalinity (as CaCO3),mg/kg

3107.22 1739.15 1143.94 1468.54

Organic Carbon, % w/w 1.79 1.08 0.20 0.64Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen, %w/w 0.45 0.28 0.12 0.23Phosphorus (as P), mg/kg 9.14 12.71 2.75 2.26Potash (as K), mg/kg 7762.20 2938.20 3267.43 6650.42Arsenic (as As), mg/kg <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01Cadmium (as Cd), mg/kg <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01Chromium (as Cr), mg/kg 35.06 18.47 2.41 12.45Lead (as Pb), mg/kg 23.37 <0.01 <0.01 12.45Mercury (as Hg), mg/kg <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01Copper (as Cu), mg/kg <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01Iron (as Fe), mg/kg 18160.99 15039.08 8043.04 15578.30Zinc (as Zn), mg/kg 63.10 46.18 <0.01 14.94Sodium Absorption Ratio 0.48 0.51 0.32 0.41Organic Acids, % w/w <1.0 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01Total Nitrogen, % w/w 0.45 0.25 0.10 0.20Available Nitrogen, % w/w 0.38 0.20 0.08 0.17Total Pesticides ND ND ND ND

pH of sediments of three drains is slightly alkaline nature. As per DPR 100% house

connections are proposed, which will mitigate the problem associated with disposal of

untreated sewage into Storm Water Drain.

5.2.15 Biological EnvironmentTree Cover: Trees can be seen along the road side in very few parts of Rajmahal.

Practically trees not will be disturbed nor damaged (tree cutting), since they are located on

the edges and sides of roads and sewers are to be laid at the center of road.


5-23

Gardens/Parks: There are no important identified gardens / parks in Rajmahal. However the

region has small residential parks as sited from the Google earth, which will not be

threatened by the proposed sewer works, since the sewers are proposed to be laid at the

center of the road and will not pass through these areas.

Location of Two Parks in the Rajmahal

5.2.16 FloraThe State of Jharkhand has notified forests covering 23605.47 sq.km, which is 29.6% of the

total geographical area of the state, viz 79714 sq.km. As per the Forest survey of India, the

total forest area of Sahibganj District is 550 km2 out of the total geographical area of 1834

km2. The classification of forest area in category of Very dense, moderately dense and open

is 21 km2, 336 km2 and 193 km2 respectively. The forest cover of the Jharkhand is shown in

Figure-5.14.

Figure-5.12: Forest Cover Map of Jharkhand


5-24

Forest type and vegetation compositionForests types of the Sahibganj district of Jharkhand are mainly considered as tropical dry

deciduous forest (Group 5B/C2) according to the revised classification of forests types of

India by Champion and Seth 1968. As per Champion and Seth (1968) classification, Tropical

Dry Deciduous forest (5B/C2) is observed in the study area. The on-set of winter results in

the defoliation of most of the trees in these forests. As the weather warms up in March, new

foliage appears which is followed by flowering and fruiting. The seasonal vegetation mainly

consists of annuls and biennials. The natural vegetation in this type of forest is pure

formations of Boswellia, Acacia, Butea, Tectona, Azadirachta, Lannea and Flacourtia, etc.

Apart from these species, gregarious patches of Dendrocalamus strictus also tend to occur

in moisture areas of the forest.

A feature of the forest is the contrast between summer months when it is entirely leafless

and the soil fully exposed, and the monsoon months when it takes on almost luxuriant

appearance due to growth of ephemeral herbaceous vegetation occupied with the leafing out

of the trees and shrubs. The majority of tree species, which are abundant and contribute

most of the general appearance of the forest are Butea monospermum, Azadirachta indica,

Acacia catechu, Anogeissus latifolia, Boswellia serrata, Diospyros melanoxylon, Acacia

nilotica, Madhuca indica, Lannea coromandelica, Zizyphus mauritiana, Albizia spp.

Buchnania lanzan, Shorea robusta, Bombax ceiba, Tectona grandis etc. The common

shrubs and climbers include Calotropis gigantean, Flacourtia Ramontchi, Dichrostachys

cinerea, Calotropis procera, Carissa carandas, Abrus precatorius, Acacia pinnata, Zizyphus

spp, Vitis latifolia, Vitex negundo,Randia spp, Phoenix acaulis, Woodfordia fruticosa, etc.

Some of the common herbs and grasses are Achyranthes aspera, Cassia tora, Xanthium

indicum, Imperata cylindrica, Apluda varia, Euphorbia hirta, Alternanthera sessilis, Sida spp,

Cynodon dactylon, Tridex procumbens and other species form the ground vegetation. Forest

and natural vegetation in the project area and its vicinity is shown in Figure-5.13.

Table 5.14: List of Floral Species Observed at Project Area

Scientific name Local name Family HabitAbrus precatorius L. Karjani Fabaceae ClimberAcacia catechu (L.f.) Willd. Khair Mimosaceae TreeAcacia nilotica Willd. ex Delile Babul Mimosaceae TreeAcacia pinnata Arar Mimisaceae ClimberAchyranthes aspera L. Chirchiri Amaranthaceae HerbAdina cordifolia Hook. f. Karam Rubiaceae TreeAegle marmelos (L.) Correa Bel Rutaceae TreeAerva lanata Juss. ex Schultes - Amaranthaceae HerbAgeratum conyzoides L. - Asteraceae HerbAlbizzia lebbek Benth. Siris Mimosaceae Tree


5-25

Scientific name Local name Family HabitAlbizzia odoratissima (L.f.) Benth. Jung sirisr Mimosaceae TreeAlbizzia procera Benth. Safed Siris Mimosaceae TreeAlternanthera sessilis (L.) DC. - Amaranthaceae HerbAnogeissus latifolia Edgew. Dhautha Combretaceae TreeApluda varia L. Dudhia sauri Poaceae GrassArundinella setosa Jharu/Motaminjhar Poaceae GrassAsparagus racemosus Willd. Satawar Liliaceae ShrubAzadirachta indica A. Juss Neem Meliaceae TreeBambusa arundinaceae Willd Bara bans Poaceae GrassBauhinia variegata L. kachnar Caesalpiniaceae TreeBoerhavia diffusa L. - Nyctaginaceae HerbBombax ceiba Burm.f. Semal Bombacaceae TreeBoswellia serrata Roxb. Salia Burseraceae TreeBuchnania lanzan Spreng Piar Anacardiaceae TreeButea monosperma (Lam.) Taub. Palas Fabaceae TreeButea parviflora Cihut Fabaceae ClimberCalotropis gigantea R. Br. Akaon Asclepiadaceae ShrubCarissa carandas L. Kanwar Apocynaceae ShrubCassia fistula L. Dharanj/Amaltash Caesalpiniaceae TreeCassia tora Chakor Fabaceae HerbCissampelos pareira L. Padh Menispermaceae ClimberCordia dichotma Forst. L. Bahuar Ehertiaceae TreeCymbopogon martini Stapf. Nanha dudhe Poaceae GrassCynodon dactylon Pers. Dhoob Poaceae GrassCyperus rotundus L. - Cyperaceae SedgeDalbergia sissoo Roxb. Sheesham Fabaceae TreeDendrocalamus stricus Nees Bans/Bamboo Poaceae GrassDichrostachys cinerea L. - Mimosaceae ShrubDiospyros melanoxylon Roxb. Tend/Tiril Ebenaceae TreeElephantopus scaberL. - Asteraceae HerbEulaliopsis binata (Retz.) C.E. Hubb. sabai Poaceae GrassEuphorbia hirta L. - Euphorbiaceae HerbFicus bengalensis L. Bar Moraceae TreeFicus religiosa L. Pipal Moraceae TreeFicus tomentosa Roxb. Barun Moraceae TreeFlacourtia Ramontchi Salpani Flacourticeae ShrubGmelina arborea Gamhar Verbenaceae TreeHeteropogon contortus (L.) P. Beauv. Kher/Sauri Poaceae GrassHoloptelea integrifolia Chilbil Ulmaceae TreeHygrophila spinosa T. Anders - Acanthaceae HerbImperata cylindrica (L.) P.Beauv. Ulu Poaceae GrassIndigofera pulchela Jirhul Fabaceae ShrubIpomoea carnea Jacq. - Convolvulaceae Shrub


5-26

Scientific name Local name Family HabitJusticia procumbens L. - Acanthaceae HerbKydia calycina Roxb. Puda Malvaceae TreeLannea coromandelica (Houttuyn)Merrill Genjan Anacaeaediac TreeLantana camara (L.) Moldenke. Putus Verbenaceae ShrubLeonotis nepataiefolia R.Br. - Lamiaceae HerbMadhuca indica J.F. Gmel. Mahua Sapotaceae TreeMangifera indica L. Aam Anacardiaceae TreeMimosa pudica L. - Mimosaceae HerbMukia maderaspatana Bilari Cucurbitaceae ClimberParthenium histerophorus L. - Asteraceae HerbPhoenix acaulis Roxb. Khejur Arecaceae ShrubPongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre. Kranj Fabaceae TreePterocarpus marsupium TreeRandia dumetorum Lamk Mowar Rubiaceae ShrubRubia cordifolia Jotsingh Rubiaceae TreeSaccharum munja Roxb. Munj Poaceae GrassSchleichera oleosa (Lour) Oken Kusum Sapindaceae TreeShorea robusta Roxb. Sal/ SaKhua Depterocarpaceae TreeSida acuta Burm.f. - Malvaceae HerbSida rhombifolia L. - Malvaceae HerbSolanum nigrum Makoi Solanaceae HerbSolanum surattense Burm. f. - Solanaceae HerbSphaeranthus indicus L. - Asteraceae HerbTectona grandis L.f. Saguan Verbenaceae TreeTerminalia arjuna Bedd. Arjun Combretaceae TreeTerminalia bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb. Bahera Combretaceae TreeTerminalia tomentosa Heyre ex. Roth Asan Combretaceae TreeThespesia lampas Ban kapasi Malvaceae ShrubTridax procumbens L. - Asteraceae HerbVetiveria zizanoides Nash Khus-Khus Poaceae GrassVitex negundo L. Sindwar Verbenaceae ShrubVitis latifolia Khopri Vitaceae ClimberWoodfordia fruticosa (L.) Kurz. Dhawai Lythraceae ShrubXanthium indicum L. - Asteraceae HerbZizyphus mauritiana Lam. Ber Rhamnaceae TreeZizyphus oenoplia Dhathora Rhamnaceae Shrub


5-27

Figure-5.13: Forest and Natural Vegetation in Project Area5.2.17 FaunaNormally in an urban area, with dense human population and absence of vegetal cover,

faunal population is not observed. In such settings, domesticated animals, like cows, dogs,

pigs, etc. are observed.

The distance of Raiganj National Park is around 100 km, Bhimbandh Wildlife Sanctuary is

around 310 km, Gautam Budha Wildlife Sanctuary is around 335 km, Koderma wildlife

sanctuary is 350 km and from Vikramshila Gangetic Dolphin Sanctuary (upstream of

Rajmahal) is 100 km from Rajmahal. Map showing distance of various wildlife sanctuaries


5-28

from Rajmahal in Sahibganj District of Jharkhand is shown in Figure-5.14.

Figure-5.14: Distance of Various Wildlife Sanctuaries from Rajmahal in Sahibganj dist.5.3 BASELINE SOCIAL STATUSThe proposed project, because of its sheer size, will bring direct as well as indirect benefits

to the population of all the 12 wards of the Nagar Panchayat Rajmahal.

Rajmahal Town is home to protected monument Sangi Dalan or Marble Pavilion probably

erected by Man Singh, Akbar’s Viceroy in Bengal.

Panoramic View of Sangi DalanArchaeological Survey of India (ASI) protected Jami Masjid, Arazimukimpur which is situated

about 10 km from from project area. Man Singh, on his return from the conquest of Orissa in

1592, named it Rajmahal. Man Singh built a palace, a fort, and also a Jama-i-Masjid.

Several other temples in the town include Kali Mandir, Durga Temple.


5-29

Pictorial View of Jami MasjidMajority of the population of Rajmahal town is situated near the banks of river Ganges.

Large number of slums is located along the banks of the river, where poor people have

constructed small kachha (mud) houses / hutment without any toilet (latrine) facility. They

are using river banks, fields and nallah, etc. for open defecation.

Kachha Houses Drinking Water from HandpumpThe following sections highlight the overall socio-economic status of the study area. The

statistics given in the chapter are extracted from the Primary Census Abstract 2011.

5.3.1 Population and Demographic ProfileAs mentioned the proposed project is located in Rajmahal Nagar Panchayat of District

Sahibganj. There are in all 12 Nagar Panchayat wards come under the study area. The total

population in the project area is of the order of 22,514 persons as per Census of India 2011.

The distribution of population and demographic profile in the study area is outlined in Figure5.15 and Table 5.15.

Table 5.15: Demographic profile in the Rajmahal Nagar Panchayat

S.No Wards

Tota

lH

ouse

hold

Tota

lPo

pula

tion

Tota

l M

ale

Popu

latio

n

Tota

lFe

mal

ePo

pula

tion

Popu

latio

n<6

yea

rs

Ave

rage

Fam

ily S

ize

Sex

Rat

io

1 WARD-01 383 1876 984 892 335 5 907


5-30

S.No Wards

Tota

lH

ouse

hold

Tota

lPo

pula

tion

Tota

l M

ale

Popu

latio

n

Tota

lFe

mal

ePo

pula

tion

Popu

latio

n<6

yea

rs

Ave

rage

Fam

ily S

ize

Sex

Rat

io

2 WARD-02 353 1691 888 803 230 5 9043 WARD-03 282 1306 738 568 128 5 7704 WARD-04 315 1738 880 858 405 6 9755 WARD-05 429 2187 1108 1079 349 5 9746 WARD-06 435 1911 1033 878 313 4 8507 WARD-07 326 1620 867 753 164 5 8698 WARD-08 393 1884 996 888 301 5 8929 WARD-09 396 1790 900 890 300 5 98910 WARD-10 293 1403 738 665 229 5 90111 WARD-11 442 2360 1264 1096 561 5 86712 WARD-12 506 2748 1379 1369 670 5 993

Total 4553 22514 11775 10739 3985 5 912Source: Primary Census Abstract, 2011

Figure 5.15: Demographic profile in the Rajmahal Nagar PanchayatThe male and female population in the study area is about 52.30% and 47.70% respectively.

Whereas population below the age group of 6 years comprises about 17.70% of the total

population. The average family size of the study area 5 persons per family and the sex ratio

(females per thousand males) is 912.

5.3.2 Caste ProfileThe distribution of population in Rajmahal Nagar Panchayat on the basis of caste is depicted

in Table 5.16 and Figure 5.16.The General Castes are the dominant caste in the project

area comprising 92.63% of the total population, followed by Schedule Castes (6.56%) and

Schedule Tribes (0.80%).

Total MalePopulation

44%Total FemalePopulation

41%

Population<6years15%

Total Male Population Total Female Population Population<6 years


5-31

Table 5.16: Caste profile in the Rajmahal Nagar Panchayat

S.No

Wards TotalPopulation

PopulationSchedule Caste

PopulationSchedule Tribe

PopulationGeneral Caste

1 WARD-01 1876 43 5 18282 WARD-02 1691 292 0 13993 WARD-03 1306 13 7 12864 WARD-04 1738 14 0 17245 WARD-05 2187 214 4 19696 WARD-06 1911 119 32 17607 WARD-07 1620 102 53 14658 WARD-08 1884 10 45 18299 WARD-09 1790 112 25 1653

10 WARD-10 1403 495 10 89811 WARD-11 2360 64 0 229612 WARD-12 2748 0 0 2748

Total 22514 1478 181 20855Source: Primary Census Abstract, 2011

Figure 5.16: Caste profile in the Rajmahal Nagar Panchayat5.3.3 Literacy LevelsThe details of literate and illiterate population amongst the total population of Rajmahal

Nagar Panchayat are in summarized in Table 5.17 and Figure 5.17. About 51.6% of the total

population in the study area is literate, while about 48.4% are illiterate.

Table 5.17: Literate and illiterate population in Rajmahal Nagar Panchayat

S.No Wards

Tota

lPo

pula

tion

Popu

latio

nLi

tera

te

Mal

eLi

tera

te

Fem

ale

Lite

rate

Popu

latio

nIll

itera

te

Mal

eIll

itera

te

Fem

ale

Illite

rate

1 WARD-01 1876 1046 596 450 830 388 4422 WARD-02 1691 1027 569 458 664 319 345

PopulationSchedule Caste

6%Population

Schedule Tribe1%

PopulationGeneral Caste

93%

Population Schedule Caste Population Schedule Tribe Population General Caste


5-32

S.No Wards

Tota

lPo

pula

tion

Popu

latio

nLi

tera

te

Mal

eLi

tera

te

Fem

ale

Lite

rate

Popu

latio

nIll

itera

te

Mal

eIll

itera

te

Fem

ale

Illite

rate

3 WARD-03 1306 1109 640 469 197 98 994 WARD-04 1738 615 350 265 1123 530 5935 WARD-05 2187 1460 778 682 727 330 3976 WARD-06 1911 999 598 401 912 435 4777 WARD-07 1620 1012 607 405 608 260 3488 WARD-08 1884 1056 611 445 828 385 4439 WARD-09 1790 940 529 411 850 371 47910 WARD-10 1403 801 459 342 602 279 32311 WARD-11 2360 850 532 318 1510 732 77812 WARD-12 2748 703 406 297 2045 973 1072

Total 22514 11618 6675 4943 10896 5100 5796Source: Primary Census Abstract, 2011

Figure 5.17: Literacy profile in the Rajmahal Nagar Panchayat5.3.4 Occupational profileThe details on occupational profile in the Rajmahal Nagar Panchayat are given in Table 5.18

and Figure 5.18. It is observed that 32.52% of the total population is engaged in some form

of economically productive activity or vocational activity, and have been designated as Total

Working population. On the other hand, Non-workers or persons who are dependent on the

population, which is engaged in economically productive work accounts for about 67.48% of

the total population. Amongst the working population, about 83.06% has been designated as

Main workers while the remaining 16.94% have been categorized as Marginal workers.

Further classifications in main working population and marginal working population are

Cultivators, agricultural labours, household Industry and other main and marginal workers.

PopulationLiterate

52%

PopulationIlliterate

48%

Population Literate Population Illiterate


5-33

Table 5.18: Occupational profile in Rajmahal Nagar Panchayat

S.No Wards TotalPopulation

TotalWorkingPopulation

MainWorkers

MarginalWorkers

NonworkingPopulation

1 WARD-01 1876 586 559 27 12902 WARD-02 1691 557 554 3 11343 WARD-03 1306 366 334 32 9404 WARD-04 1738 659 646 13 10795 WARD-05 2187 615 605 10 15726 WARD-06 1911 623 617 6 12887 WARD-07 1620 479 464 15 11418 WARD-08 1884 611 570 41 12739 WARD-09 1790 556 389 167 123410 WARD-10 1403 442 372 70 96111 WARD-11 2360 927 438 489 143312 WARD-12 2748 900 533 367 1848

Total 22514 7321 6081 1240 15193Source: Primary Census Abstract, 2011

Figure 5.18: Occupational profile in the Rajmahal Nagar Panchayat5.3.5 Cultural ActivitiesThe town is in rich cultural activities and cultural activities can be seen in its festivals,

folklores, music and dance. Hal Punhya, Bhagta Parab and Bandna are the prominent

festivals celebrated in Rajmahal. The popular folk music of the region is Akhariya Domkach,

Janani Jhumar, Faguwa and Udasi. Folk dances such as Chaw, Jadur, Karma, Choukara,

Santhal, Sohrai and Lurisayro are performed during festivities and special occasions.

There are no major tourist areas falling under Rajmahal, except the banks of river Ganga

which is mainly utilized by tourists/ pilgrims for conducting Aarti/Pooja or homm-havans and

for having a holy bath especially during festival times.

5.3.6 Infrastructure FacilitiesAs per the data collection by the consultant, the infrastructure details of Rajmahal town are

given in the following paragraphs. The location of infrastructure facilities in Rajmahal town

Main Workers83%

MarginalWorkers

17%

Main Workers Marginal Workers


5-34

are depicted in Figure-5.19.

Schools: Rajmahal has 8 schools in total namely DPS School, Girls School, P/School, one

Library etc. and 2 Madrassa’s.

Temple: There are around 14 temples in the Rajmahal namely Kali Mandir, Durga Mandir,

Also there are 9 Masjids and 2 Id Gahs present in Rajmahal Nagar Panchayat Area.

Railway Station/Bus Stand: There is one Railway station in Rajmahal and no Bus stand at

present in Rajmahal.

Medical Centers: Town has one Old Government and one new Government Hospital. Other

than these 1 to 2 private health centers located in the jurisdiction of Rajmahal Nagar

Panchayat.

Other Infrastructure: Other amenities include 2 to 3 Banks, one Jail, one Animal Jail, One

town Hall, one Postal Office, one kabaristan, two grave yards etc.

Figure-5.19: Infrastructure Facilities in Rajmahal


CHAPTER - 6ENVIRONMENTAL

AND SOCIAL IMPACTS


6-1

CHAPTER 6ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS

6.1 INTRODUCTIONThis section addresses the basic concepts and methodological approach for conducting a

scientifically based analysis of the potential impacts likely to accrue as a result of the proposed

project. The Impact Assessment for quite a few disciplines is subjective in nature, and cannot be

quantified. Wherever possible, the impacts have been quantified and otherwise, qualitative

assessment has been undertaken. The proposed sub-project consists of activities which

include:

• Construction of approximately 33.56 km long sewerage network including all required

trunk/ branch/ lateral sewer for year 2047.

• Construction of 3 subsidiary and 1 main sewage pumping stations with a total capacity

to cater sewage generation upto for year 2047.

• Construction of 1 sewage treatment plant of 3.5 mld capacity which can treat sewage

generated upto the year 2027.

• Construction of 5 No. Low Cost Sanitation Units of 20 seater each

• Renovation of 9 No. of Existing Low Cost Sanitation Units

• Lining of 4 drains for 50 m length

Pollution abatement projects may prove beneficial for the environment and society or they may

have some adverse impacts as well. Planners and decision makers have realized the

importance of understanding the consequences of any such projects on both environmental and

social sectors, and have started taking steps to avoid any adverse impacts. Based on the major

findings obtained from the field visits and secondary data analysis, the possible environmental

and social issues with reference to the proposed sewer works in Rajmahal has been discussed

in these sections.

6.2 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTSThe proposed project of sewer works in Sahibganj would influence the environment in three

distinct phases:

• During Design and Development phase

• During construction phase which would be temporary and short term

• During operation phase which would have long term effects


6-2

6.2.1 Design and Development Phase(i) Sewer LinesAll sewer lines including trunk, lateral and branch sewer lines have been designed considering

the future population and waste generation rate, this is important, as the sewerage network may

not carry the waste load in future, leading to failure and financial loss. The alignment of sewer

lines and sewerage pumping station shall be properly planned; else it may lead to both technical

and social problems along with environmental issues of back flow creating foul smell and

unhygienic conditions.

(ii) Sewage Treatment PlantSelection of a suitable technology for sewage treatment is governed by many factors such as

the location of STP, availability of land area, raw sewage characteristics, capacity of plant,

required effluent quality, proven technology and reliability of process, intended disposal method

or reusing the treated effluent, capital cost, O&M requirement and other local factors.

Comparative analysis of various technologies considered for selection is given in Table 6.1.

Table 6.1 Comparative Analysis of Various Sewage Treatment Technologies

S.No. Technology Merits Demerits1 Conventional

ActivatedSludgeProcess (ASP)

• Land requirement is lesscompared to others

• Reduced flies and odournuisance

• Better control possible

• High Capital cost• High Power requirements• Skilled labour is required for

O & M.

2 ExtendedAeration (EA)

• High quality effluent• Lesser complicated design and

operation• Capable of treating shock loads• Well stabilized sludge

• Higher power requirementsfor aeration

• Relatively larger tanks• Mainly used for smaller

plants3 Sequencing

BatchReactor(SBR)

• Simplified process• final clarifiers and Return Sludge

pumping not required.• Compact• Operation is flexible; nutrient

removal possible• Better SS settling and high

effluent quality• Batch system eliminates peak

surges• Automatic control of MLSS and

SRT through sludge wasting.

• High Peak flows can disruptoperation

• Skilled labour required• Batch discharge may require

equalization prior todisinfection

• Frequent sludge disposal• Higher specific energy

consumption

4 CyclicActivatedSludge (CAS)

• External clarifiers, sludgescrappers, recycle pumps notrequired.

• Well settleable sludge flocks.• Control in time enables

• Extensive piping and valves/ gates required.

• Higher maintenance skillrequired


6-3

S.No. Technology Merits Demeritsflexibility by adapting times fornitrification, De-nitrification,

• Biological phosphorousremoval, sedimentation,depending on influentcharacteristics.

• Easy & compact construction.• No moving mechanical parts• Less head loss

5 MembraneBioReactor (MBR)

• High quality nitrified effluent• Compact• Plant expansion is simple• Capable of absorbing hydraulic

and organic shock loads.• No secondary clarifier required.

• High capital & O&M cost• Extensive piping and valves• Higher maintenance skill

required

6 Trickling filter • Capacity to handle shock loads• Dependable performance• Minimum supervision.• Lesser land requirement in

comparison with otherconventional systems.

• Capital costs and powerrequirements are high.

• Mosquito and odour nuisanceis high.

• Equipment is prone to heavycorrosion.

7 FluidizedAerobicBioreactor(FAB) andMoving BedBioreactors(MBBR)

• Long SRTs.• High quality effluent (low SS and

COD)• Compact - lesser land

requirement.• Low temperature sustaining

capability• No sludge recycling• Fully digested sludge• High coliform removal.

• Separate secondary settlingtank required with sludgeremoval facility

• Sensitive process• High power requirement• Skilled manpower required

for O & M.

8 SubmergedAerobicFixedFilm (SAFF)

• Not restricted byconventional limits of mixed liquorsuspended solid (MLSS) -can operate in 12000mg/l -23000 mg/l.

• Clear treated water withconsistent outlet BOD.

• Lesser area than conventionalsystems

• Lesser bacterial sloughing anddoes not require extensive

• sludge management systems• Lesser power• Low operation and maintenance

costs.• Installation can be below ground.


6-4

Moving Bed Bio Reactors (MBBR) technique has been chosen in the proposed project over the

other available technologies primarily because of following reasons:

• Treated effluent quality is well below the prescribed NRCD standards

• Self-regulating biomass

• Stable under large load variations

• Smaller footprint

• Flexible design that allows for increased capacity

• Single pass treatment

• Extremely compact & simple biological treatment system

Adequate planning for treated disposal of treatment and sludge needs to be done to ensure that

the project does not lead to any adverse environmental impact.

(iii) Low Cost Sanitation UnitsAll Low Cost Sanitation units have been designed considering the socio-economic status, future

population, present sanitation practice, places where community members defecate, availability

of Water & Electricity and possible site for community toilets, connection of LCS drain pipe with

municipal sewer, operation and maintenance. It is proposed to develop 5 new 20 seater LCS

and upgrade 9 existing community toilets. These toilets will benefit approximately population of

about 23,624. Thus, the population which at present practices opens defecation will get toilet

facilities. This will reduce land, ground water and surface water pollution. The location of Low

Cost sanitation units shall be properly planned; so that women, children, poor and weaker

section of the society have easy access to these toilets.

(iv) Drain LiningDrain lining have been designed considering the water carrying capacity, de-sludging of nallas,

to reduce water logging, seepage in ground water, restore its alignment, screens arrangement

and improve river water quality. The construction and operation of drains shall be properly

planned to improve aesthetics and improve river water quality, disposal of floating matter.

6.2.2 Impacts during Construction PhaseThe construction activities would generally include earthworks (excavation, filling, shuttering,

compacting), temporary diversion of existing utilities, civil construction (sewer lines, STP,

SPS/MPS, LCS) and E&M installation and commissioning. The impacts of these construction

stage activities on the various environmental parameters are examined in the following

paragraphs.


6-5

i) Improper Handling of Excess Soil / Waste / Dredged MaterialExcess soil, waste generated from various construction activities, fuel lubricants, machinery &

maintenance equipment, needs to be properly disposed, so as to avoid adverse impacts on this

account. The impacts however, shall be marginal.

The solid waste generated on account of repair, desludging, desiliting, cleaning, etc. shall be

disposed at the proposed landfill site.

ii) Impacts due to Labour CampsThe maximum labour to be employed in the project shall come from nearby areas. Around 50

labour is expected to be migrate from other areas during construction phase and are likely to put

some stress on account of the following:

Generation of sewage from labour colony.

Generation of solid waste from labour colony.

Appropriate measures for treatment of sewage and disposal of solid waste have been

suggested as a part of Environmental Management Plan, outlined in Chapter-7 of this report.

iii) Pollution Due to Fuel Combustion in Various EquipmentThe operation of various construction equipment requires of combustion of fuel. Normally, diesel

is used in such equipment. The major pollutant, which gets emitted as a result of diesel

combustion, is SO2. The SPM emissions are minimal due to low ash content. Based on past

experience in similar projects, air pollution are not expected to increase significantly. Thus, in

the proposed project, no significant impact on ambient air quality is expected as a result of

operation of various construction equipment.

iv) Soil ErosionFlooding may occur in adjacent areas if adequate provision for garland drains is not made for

channelizing the rain water flowing from catchment areas of nallas. This impact is temporary in

nature, however drainage pattern of the area needs to be properly surveyed.

v) Vehicular MovementDuring construction phase, there will be increased vehicular movement for transportation of

various construction materials to the project site. Entrainment of dust is expected due to the

movement of trucks and other heavy vehicles. However, such ground level emissions do not

travel for long distances from their point of entertainment. Thus, no major adverse impacts are

anticipated on this account.

vi) Air QualityVarious construction related activities are expected to increase the levels of PM10, PM2.5, carbon

mono-oxide (CO), hydrocarbons and NO2 on account of:


6-6

• Excavation, backfilling, compaction activity and movement of vehicles on un-paved

roads, which leads to increase in dust level.

• Emissions from construction machinery. Emission from light and heavy vehicles for

transportation of pipes and construction material like cement, etc. which will lead to

increased emissions of NO2.

• Operation of diesel generators and other fuel fired machinery with increased emission of

CO.

However, considering the magnitude of the project, the impacts on ambient air quality is

expected to be marginal. Suitable management measures have been recommended as a part of

Environmental Management Plan to minimize the emission of air pollutants from various

construction related activities.

vii) Noise LevelsThe proposed construction activities are expected to increase the noise levels mainly due to

plying of construction vehicles, pumping machines, use of portable generators, mechanical

machinery such as cranes, riveting machines, hammering etc. These activities will lead to

increase in ambient noise levels and may affect human habitations, particularly during the night

time. Increase of noise level at night may cause discomforts to population in the vicinity of the

site in case construction activity is extended into the night hours.

As per the baseline environmental status, the noise levels in Rajmahal are expected to be within

permissible limits as the area is mostly residential and has limited commercial, and no industrial

area. Facilities that are expected to feel the temporary impacts more than others include

schools/colleges (Girls School, Kanya Vidyalaya School, Library), Hospitals (Civil hospital, New

Hospital). However, these impacts are of temporary nature, lasting only during the construction

period.

It is a known fact that there is a reduction in noise level as the sound wave passes through a

barrier. The transmission loss values for common construction materials are given in Table-6.2.

Table-6.2: Transmission Loss for Common Construction Materials

Material Thickness of constructionmaterial (inches)

Decrease in noise level dB(A)

Light concrete 4 386 39

Dense concrete 4 40Concrete block 4 32

6 36Brick 4 33Granite 4 40


6-7

The walls of various houses will attenuate at least 30 dB(A) of noise. In addition there are

attenuation due to the following factors.

Air absorption Rain Atmospheric inhomogeneity Vegetal cover

Thus, no increase in noise levels is anticipated as a result of various activities, during the project

construction phase.

viii) Impacts on BuildingsThe vibration during construction activities could affect some of the buildings in the nearby

areas. Buildings at risk shall be identified prior to construction and pneumatic drilling will be

avoided in these areas.

There is no infrastructure observed along the banks of nallas, and all drains are covered drains.

ix) Environmental Sensitive AreasBased on observations and findings from field visits, interaction with government officials and

consultation with local residents, Rajmahal does not have any significant floral and faunal

species. There is no eco-sensitive area within the proposed project site. However the region has

very few residential parks. Thus, parks will not be affected by the proposed sewer works, since

the sewers are planned to be laid along the road and will not pass through these areas. No

sensitive aquatic areas are observed. It was also observed that the major land use pattern of

Rajmahal is residential, with limited agricultural and no forest areas.

There are no major tourist areas falling under Rajmahal, except the banks of river Ganga which

is mainly utilized by tourists/ pilgrims for conducting Aarti/Pooja or havans and for taking holy

dip in the river, especially during auspicious days. The Archeological Survey of India (ASI)

monuments in Rajmahal city are not likely to be affected due to the proposed project. The river

banks too are not expected to be affected by the project, the construction and operation works

will take place inside the residential areas which are away from river banks.

x) Impacts on Tree CoverNo tree cutting is envisaged due to the proposed project. As sewers are to be laid at the center

of road for narrow streets and along the roads for wider roads, hence no tree cutting is

envisaged. There are no trees on the 4 plots allotted for STP and SPS sites. Photographs of

various sites allotted for various components of the project are enclosed as Annexure-V.xi) Impacts on Ecologically Sensitive AreaProposed project is to be executed in high density residential (urban) area of Rajmahal town in

Sahibganj District. There is no impact on ecologically sensitive area as they are quite far (more


6-8

than 60 km) from the town.

xii) Impacts on Archeologically Important Sites/Cultural Heritage SitesProject will not hamper the Archeological important sites as construction of sewers are to be laid

along the road. Demolition of any building is not envisaged as a part of the project.

There are no major tourist areas falling under Rajmahal, except the banks of river Ganga which

is mainly utilized by tourists/ pilgrims for conducting Aarti/Pooja or havans during festival

times.

xiii) Water ResourcesFrom field visits, interactions and consultations, it was found that there locally developed ponds

in the project area. The natural drainage channels of the project area are likely to be affected in

the following ways:

• Direct discharge from construction activities - If the construction wastes and

construction related material are not properly handled/ managed, then certain

impurities like suspended particles, pollutants like oil, grease, cement etc, may find

their way to the river Ganga via storm drains during rainfall. There may also be

temporary blockage of drains due to disposal of construction material and debris.

• Flooding is likely during monsoon as drainage paths could be obstructed and

redirected by the debris (noted during field visits and as per the baseline

environmental status).

• This concern was also voiced by residents. During construction of sewerage works in

Rajmahal, there may be flooding due to the blocking of drains, due to poor solid

waste management. Areas that are expected to face temporary flooding issues and

other low lying areas. Temporary flooding may cause stagnation of water promoting

breeding of mosquitoes and create unsanitary condition.

• The excavation activities will be carried out up to a maximum depth of 5-5.5 m or so,

and will not affect the groundwater levels of the region. A provision for dewatering

and lowering of water table has been made in the Detailed Project Report, wherever,

groundwater is likely to be impinged due to alignment and placement of sewerage

network below the ground level.

The proposed project will have a positive effect on the quality of river Ganga, as the untreated

sewage would now be diverted to STP. The BOD level in the untreated sewage is 200 mg/l

which will reduce to <10 mg/l after treatment. Thus, there will be significant reduction in BOD

loading of river Ganga and will have a positive impact on water quality. Improved water quality


6-9

provides cleaner water to the city, safer irrigation water for the farmers around and downstream

of the city, and an improved bathing experience for the religious pilgrims that visit the city.

The construction and up-gradation of a total of 14 Low Cost Sanitation Units will control open

defecation to a large extent. This will lead to significant positive impact on land and water

pollution.

6.2.3 Impacts during Operation Phasei) Sewage Treatment Plants and SPSs

Water resources in the project area would be the most positively benefited by the

sanitation project. The proposed project envisages commissioning of 1 STP with a total

capacity of 4 mld. At present the sewage is being disposed without any treatment into

river Ganga. The proposed STPs would reduce BOD from 200 mg/l to <20 mg/l. Thus,

the proposed STP would reduce BOD loading in river Ganga for 800 kg/day to less than

80 kg/day. Thus, the proposed project would significantly reduce the BOD loading of

river Ganga, with a corresponding improvement in water quality. This will be a significant

positive impact.

Disinfection of treated wastewater is proposed as a last step of treatment. The treated

sewage will be mainly disposed in river Ganga and a small quantity (200 to 300 kld) will

be reused. Disinfection technique and dose requires proper attention, so that high dose

does not lead to adverse impacts on aquatic ecology. The disinfection of treated sewage

will reduce bacterial loading, which is a positive significant impact.

As per DPR, sludge from STP will be dried at Sludge drying beds than transported in

proper manner to landfill site for disposal..

Proper operation and maintenance mechanism must be followed for efficient working of the

system. The probable environmental impacts related to water during operation stage may

include unpredictable events such as:

• Temporary flooding of adjacent areas due to accidental leakages/bursts and also due to

blockages and backlogging of lines.

• Water pollution and possibility of mixing with water supply line due to leakages/ overflows

from the sewer lines.

• Impairment of receiving water quality in surface/sub-surface source due to inadequate/

inefficient sewage treatment process.

• Noise and air quality impacts due to improper handling of pumps and other machineries

like generators, air diffusers etc. may lead to increased noise pollution. There will be


6-10

minimization of gas emission from sewage drains as most of the sewer works will be

underground.

ii) Sludge from STP and Pumping StationThe treated sewage shall have significantly reduced levels of BOD loading. Sludge thickener

and sludge drying beds are proposed in the DPR. Sludge generated from MBBR technology

operated STP is fully digested sludge which is excellent manure and can be directly applied as

manure to plants / irrigated fields.

Screenings / grit removed from SPS/MPS sites are to be disposed-off at proper landfill site

which is allotted to the Rajmahal administration. Land details are enclosed as Annexure-II.iii) Sewerage NetworkThe Construction of sewerage network will ensure that the sewage which at present forces

stagnant pools of water and affects the ground water quality will be transported through

sewerage network to STP. Thus, with the commissioning of sewerage network, stagnant pools

of water will not be formed. This will improve the aesthetics in the area.

There is possibility of accidental bursts of sewerage lines, which will cause odour nuisance,

pools of waste water, unhygienic conditions etc. This impact is temporary in nature, and lasts till

the time remedial measures are undertaken.

iv) Low Cost SanitationOperation of Low Cost Sanitation units improves health and hygiene of the society. Reduction in

open defecation being practiced in the town. The sewage generated from LCS units shall be

conveyed to the nearest sewerage network and treated in the STP.

The construction and up-gradation of a total of 14 Low Cost Sanitation Units will control open

defecation to a large extent. This will lead to significant positive impact on land and water

pollution.

v) Drain LiningThe drain lining works shall increase the water carrying capacity, reduce possibility of water

logging in the area, reduces ground water seepage that leads to reduction in contamination. The

waste collected at screens during operation phase which is of minimal quantity shall be

disposed at proposed solid waste site.

6.3 SOCIAL IMPACTSThe proposed project of sewer works, STP, LCS units and lining of drain in Rajmahal would

influence the social sector in two distinct phases:

• During construction phase which would be temporary and short term;

• During operation phase which would have long term effects


6-11

6.3.1 Social Impacts during Construction Phasei) Human HealthOne of the potential impacts of the proposed sub-projects will be on the air quality due to the

dust generated during excavation and tunneling. The amount of dust generated will depend

upon the level of digging and the prevailing weather conditions. Based on past experience, the

air pollution due to entrainment of fugitive emission is marginal in nature and is observed up to a

distance of 100 to 200 m from the point of entrainment. Thus, it is expected to lead to marginal

impact on ambient air quality. No major health related issues due to air pollution during

construction phase of the proposed project are anticipated.

ii) Traffic CongestionThe construction activities could lead to inconvenience to public during sewer laying along

commercial areas and narrow streets, or where public facilities are located. This could lead to

inconvenience to access business, residential and other immediate facilities for the public and

impact on livelihood due to loss of access to business. Resident may not be able to take out

their vehicles from their house premises and space for parking may also be reduced. However,

such impacts are likely to last for a short duration only.

iii) Impact on LivelihoodThe excavation and alignment of sewerage system, low cost sanitation work lead to road

blockage and as a result the commercial establishments and vendors will have some

inconvenience in operating their business on daily basis. But loss of livelihood is not expected.

The vendors can move to nearby places as and when required. Thus, overall no loss of

livelihood is anticipated. As per interaction with the locals during field visit, most shop-owners

and mobile vendors are welcoming the sewage project implementation as they see a direct

benefit of improved living and working conditions. They are aware of, and prepared to face

temporary inconveniences caused by construction if it is implemented in a timely manner.

iv) Increased Employment PotentialAbout 50 persons are likely to be employed during construction phase. Some of the locals will

also get employment. This will marginally improve the employment scenario during project

construction phase.

v) Impacts on Existing Utility ServicesThe road opening activities may damage the underground water pipelines or electricity poles in

the vicinity of the site for the proposed sub-projects. This will lead to water supply interruptions,

disruption in electricity supply and will involve expensive repair costs. Hence, it is recommended

that adequate precautions be taken during construction phase to minimize such impacts.


6-12

vi) Safety HazardsThere are potential hazards like falling in the trenches and excavated area for the workers as

well as for the pedestrians. Safety equipment for workers has been recommended as a part of

the DPR. It is also recommended that construction sites be properly fenced with appropriate

signages.

vii) Elevated Noise LevelsIncreased noise pollution from construction equipment will disturb residences, and especially

schools and institutions in area. This could be a problem especially in sensitive areas like

schools and hospitals located in vicinity of the construction sites. The severity of such impacts is

expected to be low/marginal. Approximate measures have been recommended as a part of

Environmental Management Plan, which is outlined in Chapter-7 of this Report.

viii) Failure to Restore Temporary Construction SitesExcessive debris, trash or construction remnants (e.g. dirt piles) would create problems related

to drainage, unhygienic conditions and poor aesthetics; however, clean-up and debris clearance

is budgeted in the DPR so this should not be a concern.

ix) Land AcquisitionConsultations with relevant officials including Rajmahal Nagar Panchayat, Revenue

Department, community, other sources and first-hand observations during the field visit, land to

be transferred for the project is of Government land and private land shall be acquired for the

project. There will be no agricultural or forest community land requirement for laying of sewer

lines. Sewer lines will pass through various residential colonies in the center of road.

6.3.2 Social impacts during operation phasei) Noise pollutionImproper handling and irregular maintenance of operating machines including pumps,

generators, air diffusers, etc may lead to increased noise pollution during operation phases,

which would affect the daily life of the surrounding neighbourhoods. However, impacts on this

account are expected to be marginal.

ii) Odour from STP/SPS/LCSNormally in a sewer treatment plant, odour from STP is a major problem. However in the

proposed project, MBBR technology will be used, in which odour problem is not anticipated.

Proper spraying of herbicides on accumulated waste is proposed in Chapter – 7 of this report.


6-13

iii) Nuisance due to overflowing/choking of sewersThe leakage from choking of sewers can create anaerobic conditions resulting in foul smell at

the point of leakage. It is recommended that a effective plan for clearing of choked sewers be

developed as a part of DPR to minimize the severity of such impacts.

iv) Nuisance due to overflowing of drainsIt is recommended that effective plan for non-blocking of drains with proper periodical cleaning

be developed to minimize the severity of such impacts.

v) Impacts due to LCSWith the renovation of existing LCS units and construction of proposed 5 new units atleast 30%

of the population of Rajmahal will be benefitted. Proposed 5 LCS units of 20 seater each are

designed based on the demand raise by the local community and actual sanitation conditions,

as per actual survey conducted by the consultant. As per consultant socio-economic survey

community is ready to the weaker section and women will be mostly benefitted through the

project, which is positive significant impact on society.

6.4 CONCLUSIONSBased on the overall secondary data analysis and field investigation, the proposed project is

expected to benefit the Sahibganj town, as wastewater that currently flows untreated into the

Ganga river will be collected, treated and the disposed into the river.

The likely beneficial impacts of the project include

• Improvement in sewage collection and treatment

• Prevention of storm drains carrying sanitary sullage or dry weather flow

• Prevention of ground water and soil pollution due to infiltration of untreated liquid waste

• Prevention of discharge of untreated sewage into River Ganga

• Improvement in water quality of River Ganga, a national resource

• Improvement in environmental sanitation health and reduction in associated health

hazards within the cities/towns

• Improvement in quality of life, human dignity and increased productivity

• Reduced nuisance of open defecation due to low cost sanitation and reduced malarial

risks and other health hazards

Although there would not be any permanent negative or adverse environmental impacts due to

the projects. Marginal impacts which are temporary in nature are anticipated. A detailed

Environmental Management Plan outlining measures for amelioration of adverse impacts has

been outlined in Chapter-7 of this Report. Thus, it can be concluded that environmental benefits


6-14

of the project greatly outweigh the temporary inconveniences likely to accrue as a result of the

project.


CHAPTER - 7MITIGATION AND

MANAGEMENT PLAN


7-1

CHAPTER 7MITIGATION AND MANAGEMENT PLAN

7.1 Environmental Management PlanTable 7.1 summarizes the generic environmental management plan for low category investment

that identifies the potential issues of various activities that are anticipated in the design and

development, construction, and operation phases of the proposed sewer works in Rajmahal.

The environmental management plan ensures to suggest appropriate mitigation measure

against the issues/ concerns identified during the environmental and social assessment study.

In general, the Rajmahal Nagar Panchayat (with assistance from Contractor and Independent

Engineer/Supervision Consultant) is the responsible entity for ensuring that the mitigation

measures as suggested in the ESMP. The roles and responsibilities of the involved institutes

are described below.

7.1.1 Implementation of EMP Specific activities by Rajmahal Nagar PanchayatThe role of Rajmahal Nagar Panchayat in the implementation of EMP involves the following

activities:

EMP clearance from NMCG and World Bank and disclosure as required;

Integrating the EMP in the bid document of contractor as an addendum;

7.1.2 Specific activities by ContractorThe activities to be performed by the contractor to implement the EMP shall comprise the

following:

7.2 Implementation of EMPThe contractor shall be responsible to implement the EMP primarily in assistance with the

Project Management Consultant team. The Environmental Specialist from the Independent

Engineer / Supervision Consultant shall monitor the compliance of the EMP and all the design

drawings of various civil structures shall be implemented after his approval.

The state, local Government will be responsible for coordination, monitoring and evaluation of

the Environment Management Plan. It should ensure all the safeguarding plans are in line and

acted upon. Contractor shall report the implementation of the Environment Management Plan to

the Environmental Expert and the Project management consultant as well as to Rajmahal Nagar

Panchayat through monthly reports. Further a quarterly report is required to be prepared and

required to be given to National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG) for the progress made in

implementing the Environment Management Plan.


7-2

Feedback from the local residents can also be taken from time to time to cross check the

contractor’s report. Project management consultants should make inspection visits at

construction site to check the implementation of Environment Management Plan as per the

contract.


7-3

Table 7.1 Environment Management Plan for STP at Rajmahal (3.5 MLD)Activity Potential Negative

Impact/ConcernDuration of

impactMitigation Measures Responsible

agencySewerage and Sanitation InvestmentsA. Design and Development PhaseSewagetreatmentplant

Treated waterdisposal intonearby streamGanga

Pollution of receivingwater body (river) orland due to insufficienttreatment or non-operation of STP

Temporary The treated water quality shall comply with theprescribed NRCD standards of the bid document andother applicable conditions of consent to establishissued by the state pollution control board.Parameters NRCD standardsTotal Suspended Solids, mg/l <30BOD5 at 20°C, mg/l <20

Selection of best available sewage treatmenttechnology with High BOD removal efficiency.

Ensuring development and compliance to standardoperation and maintenance practices.

Provision of effective screening at inlet of STP forremoval of grit, fine plastics and other suspendedsolids

Provision of effective separation and controlleddisposal of digested sludge

Provision effective disinfection before discharge oftreated water for irrigation or to river.

DBOOperator

STPBreakdown

Discharge of untreatedsewage leading riverpollution.

Temporary Provision of adequate holding capacity adequate forstorage of sewage to prevent flow of untreatedsewage to river.

DBOOperator

Flooding ofSTP area

Rain water may floodthe STP area inabsence of adequateprovision of divertingrain water flow towardsSTP.

Temporary Suitable drainage provision shall be made to divertthe rain water likely to be accumulated fromperipheral catchment area of STP, to naturaldrainage stream or area.

DBOOperator

Sludgedisposal

Disposal of sludgeleading tocontamination of landand water.

Permanent Efficient sludge dewatering with minimum landrequirement shall be adopted.

Provision shall be made for intermittent storage ofdigested sludge at STP site.

Digested sludge shall be utilised as manure ordisposed to suitable site as approved by DBOengineer. If disposal is made in a land fill site, then it

DBOOperator


7-4

Activity Potential NegativeImpact/Concern

Duration ofimpact

Mitigation Measures Responsibleagency

shall be located away from habitation and waterbodies and shall be pre-approved by concernedauthorities like Municipal Corporation, PollutionControl Board or Urban Development Authority.

Provision forsafety ofworkers andsafe operationof STPs

Accidents leading toinjury or death ofworkers (Fall ofworkers from Height,Fall into deep watertanks, ShortCircuiting)

Accidental slips dueto tripping and fallingon walkways or workareas

Fire Exposure to toxic

gas such as chlorine Risk of Short

circuiting.

Permanent Ensure adequate provision of Handrails on both sidesof walkways close to deeper tanks and STPs;

All electric switches (including unit specific on-offswitches installed at respective units) and panelsshall have adequate protection from rain water toprevent short circuiting

Proper earthling with installation of earth circuitbreakers shall be made

Walk ways designs shall be made with proper slopeto avoid accumulation of rain water. Material handlingand storage shall be so designed that walk waysurface remains free from wet or oil surface situationto prevent slips, trip or fall accidents.

Provision of interlock system to either stop STP ordivert untreated effluent to holding tanks in case ofshort circuiting, or mall functioning of STP

Prepare emergency preparedness plan includingidentification of assembly area in case of fire.

Implementation of adequate Safety measures toprevent leakage of chlorine.

Provision of adequate first aid measures in case ofaccidental leakages of chlorines and exposure toworkers.

DBOOperator

Location ofSTP

Noise/Odour/flynuisance hazards toneighbouring areas.

Cutting of Trees

Permanent Ensure minimum noise generation at STP throughproper maintenance of equipments.

Minimize Tree cutting, if involved. Tree plantation ofaround the periphery of STP site and landscaping toprevent spread of bad odour with large canopy/ broadleaves trees. Species of plants shall be finalized withlocal office of Forest Department. Criteria forselecting species are:- plant should be fast growing;- preferably perennial and evergreen;

DBOOperator


7-5


Duration ofimpact


- indigenous;- resistant to SPM pollution, andshould maintain the ecological and hydrological

balance of the region.The general consideration involved while developing thegreenbelt are:

- Trees growing upto 10 m or above in height withperennial foliage should be planted around theperimeter of the proposed project area.

- Trees should also be planted along the roadside in such a way that there is dust control.

- Generally fast growing trees should be planted.- Since, the tree trunk area is normally devoid of

foliage upto a height of 3 m, it may be useful tohave shrubbery in front of the trees so as to givecoverage to this portion.

Accumulated screenings and grit in the STP shall becleaned on a daily basis. Spraying of suitableherbicides on accumulated material to reduce odour,if it is not being cleaned on a daily basis due to someexigencies.

Mainsewagepumpingstation

Pumping ofsewage toSTP

Noise and odournuisance hazards toneighboring areas.

Cutting of Trees Greenbelt

Development in theSPS.MPS and STPsites

Permanent Ensure minimum noise generation at pump station inSPS by use of less noise generating equipmentmeeting prescribed noise standards as applicableand enclosed generators.

Proper maintenance of pumping equipment. Minimize Tree cutting if involved. Tree plantation

around the periphery of SPS site and landscaping toprevent spread of bad odour with large canopy/ broadleaves trees like Shisham, Neem, Bargad, Teak, etc.

Accumulated screenings and grit in each SPM andSTP to be cleaned on a daily basis. Spraying ofsuitable herbicides on accumulated material toreduce odour, if it is not being cleaned on a dailybasis due to same exigencies.

Provision for regular maintenance and switching offequipment when not in use.

Greenbelt will be developed at SPS, MPS and STP

DBOOperator


7-6


Duration ofimpact


sites to control noise and odour. Two rows of treeswill be planted.

Plantation will be done by trenching in ordinary soil upto a depth of 60 cm including removal and stacking ofserviceable materials and then disposing of surplussoil, by spreading and neatly leveling within a lead of50 m and making up the trenched area to properlevels by filling with earth or bearth mixed with sludgeor/and manure before and after flooding trench withwater. Manuring and watering will also be done asper requirement.

B. Construction phaseSewagetreatmentplant andmainsewagepumpingstation

Excavation Loss of topsoil due toexcavation activities.

Temporary Excavation shall be planned in such a manner thatsuch that no damage occurs to existing structures.

Top soil shall be separately stockpiled and utilized forgreen belt development or landscaping aftercompletion of work

DBOOperator

Construction waste /Muck management

Temporary Excess soil generated from various constructionactivities shall be proper disposed in low lying areas,other than water bodies.

All construction vehicles, parking location, fuel /lubricant storage sites, vehicle, machinery andequipment maintenance will be located at least 500 mfrom rivers and irrigation canal / ponds.

Normally, muck is disposed in low-lying areas ordepressions. Trees, if any, are cut before muckdisposal, however, shrubs, grass or other types ofundergrowth in the muck disposal at sites perish.

The total area required for muck/sludge/solid wastedisposal for the year 2047 is 5 ha.

The dumping of muck will be done in the scientificmanner by providing appropriate protection walls withdeep foundations so that muck will not flow andwashed away in the river.

Masonry work and crate work will also be providedwherever necessary in order to avoid the chances ofsoil erosion and to ensure flow of silt, free water.

DBOOperator


7-7


Duration ofimpact


Besides these engineering measures, properplantation will be done at the dumping sites forreclamation of the dumping areas.

Muck generally lacks nutrients and therefore, isdifficult to re-vegetate. However, if no attempts tovegetate the slopes are made, the muck could slidelower down during rain and may eventually wash offthe protective measures also. Bio-fertiliser techniquedeveloped by National Environmental EngineeringResearch Institute (NEERI) can be adopted in theproposed project.

It is recommended that bituminous waste to bedisposed at approved waste disposal sites, which shallbe finalized in consultation with district administrationand regional office of the Jharkhand Pollution ControlBoard.

Flooding due to rainwater

Temporary Suitable drainage provision shall be made to divert therain water likely to be accumulated from peripheralcatchment area of STP, to natural drainage stream orarea.

Provision of garland drain along construction sites, todivert runoff to sumps for storage and settling ofseparated solids.

The required protective work i.e. construction ofgarland drains outside the periphery of dump followedby settling tank to avoid wash off.

DBOOperator

Nuisance due todomestic solid wastedisposal

Temporary Two separate bins for recyclable and non-recyclablewastes shall be provided.

Recyclable and non-recyclable wastes are collected insegregated manner in theses bins before disposalshall be ensured.

Recyclable material shall be sold. Non-recyclablematerial shall be disposed at designated land fill areaof the city.

Provision of adequate sanitation facility for workers atconstruction sites.

DBOOperator

Dust Generation due to Temporary Excavated material transported by trucks will be DBO


7-8


Duration ofimpact


construction activities covered and/or wetted to prevent entertainment ofdust.

Suppressing dust generation by spraying water onstockpiles and unpaved movement areas

Water sprinkling over excavated areas, unpavedmovement areas and stockpiles.

Transportation of loose construction material throughcovered trucks.

Use dust curtains (polysheets/ sheets) around theconstruction area for containing dust spread.

Construction equipment and vehicle used inconstruction pahsemust comply with pollution normsand carry Pollution under Control certificate.

Operator

Temporary floodingdue to uneven dumpingof construction waste

Temporary Construction waste material shall be stored at sites,not liable to flodding.

DBOOperator

Spillage of fuel and oil Temporary Care to be taken to store fuel and oil (if required) at aplace away from any drainage channel/nallapreferably to be stored in drums mounted on aconcrete paved platform with slop draining to smallspills collection pit.

All location and lay-out plans of such sites will besubmitted prior to the establishment and will beapproved by the Engineer.

Ensure that all vehicle / machinery and equipmentoperation, maintenance and refueling will be carriedout in such a fashion that spillage of fuels andlubricants does not contaminate the soil andgroundwater.

Arrangement for collection, storing and disposal of oilywastes to the pre-identified disposal sites (list to besubmitted to Engineer) and approved by the Engineer.All spills and collected petroleum products will bedisposed off in accordance with MoEF

Engineer will certify that all arrangements comply withthe guidelines of PCB/MoEF or any other relevantlaws.

DBOOperator


7-9


Duration ofimpact


Noise and vibrationdisturbances toresidents andbusinesses

Temporary Construction activities to be carried out in day timewith prior intimation to local residents and shopkeepers.

Vehicles to be equipped with mufflers recommendedby the vehicle manufacturer.

Staging to be provided in construction equipment withhigh vibration levels and unnecessary idling ofequipment within noise sensitive areas to be avoidedwhenever possible.

Operators of heavy machinery and workers in nearvicinity will be provided with ear plugs and otherprotective measures to minimize exposure to highnoise level.

Notification will be given to residents within 300 feet(about 90 to 100 m) of major noise generatingactivities. The notification will describe the noiseabatement measures that will be implemented.

Monitoring of noise levels will be conducted during theconstruction phase of the project. In case of exceedingof pre-determined acceptable noise levels by themachinery will require the contractor(s) to stop workand remedy the situation prior to continuingconstruction.

Use of low noise and vibrating equipment (such asenclosed generators with mufflers, instruments withbuilt in vibration dampening and improved exhaust), tomeet standards as prescribed by Central PollutionControl Board (CPCB1).

Provision of personal protective equipment (PPE) likeear muffs and plugs for construction workers.

Provision of noise barriers as feasible in inhabitedareas, particularly near sensitive zones like hospitals,schools etc.

Maximum permissible sound pressure level shall be

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1http://moef.gov.in/citizen/specinfo/noise.html


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Duration ofimpact


75 dB(A) at a distance of 1 m from the source.Maximum Exposure Periods specified by OSHA

Maximum equivalentcontinuous noise level

dB(A)

Unprotected exposure periodper day for 8 hrs/day and 5

days/week90 895 4100 2105 1110 ½115 ¼120 No exposure permitted at or above

this level

Noise from the DG sets shall be controlled byproviding an acoustic enclosure.

Acoustic enclosure/acoustic treatment of the roomshall be designed for minimum 25 dB(A) InsertionLoss or for meeting the ambient noise standards,whichever is on the higher side.

DG set shall also be provided with proper exhaustmuffler to attenuate noise level by at-least 25 dB(A).

Efforts will be made to bring down the noise levels dueto the DG set, outside its premises, within the ambientnoise requirements by proper siting and controlmeasures.

A proper routine and preventive maintenanceprocedure for the DG set shall be formulated andfollowed in consultation with the DG set manufacturerwhich would help prevent noise levels of the DG setfrom deteriorating with use.

General:safety duringconstruction

Safety andHealth Hazard

Safety hazards tolabours and public

Temporary Comply with the Occupational health and Safety,norms of Central and State Government.

Ensure that the contact details of the police or securitycompany and ambulance services nearby to the site.

Ensure that the handling of equipment and materials issupervised and adequately instructed.

Follow safe practices for working at height or confinedarea or underground working for safety of workers.

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Duration ofimpact


Erect warning signs/ tapes and temporary barriersand/or danger tape, marking flags, lights and flagmenaround the exposed construction works warn thepublic and traffic flow of the inherent dangers.

Provide adequate PPE to workers such as helmets,safety shoes, gloves, dust masks, gumboots, etc. toworkers

Provide handrails on both sides of walkways close todeeper tanks and STPs need to be ensured;

Smaller on and off switches at STP units to beinstalled with protection from rain water to minimizeelectrical short circuit;

Monthly reporting of all accidents and immediatereporting to DBO engineer and owner.

Carbon Dioxide type fire extinguisher with cylinderfully charge of 4.5 kg capacity will be provided at STP,SPS and MPS sites

Providing and supplying fire buckets with stand &printed with “Fire only”

Standard first aid kit shall be provided & kept the MEProom of MPS

Constructioncamps

Sanitation Nuisance due toabsence of facility ofsanitation and solidwaste management

Temporary Labour camp, must have adequate provision ofshelter.

Adequate provision of water supply at least 1 standpost in camp or water may be supplied through tanksor may be taken from municipal water supply line

Adequate provision of sanitation facilities with septicatnk are soak pit and at least 1 toilet block in campwith a provision of 1 seat for 20 persons and withproper maintenance and cleaning

Adequate provision of solid waste management with aprovision of separate bin, one for biodegradable andanother for non-biodegradable waste at in each camp

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General:Trafficcontrol

Traffic control Inconvenience to public Temporary During construction phase, planks/makeshiftpathways shall be provided along the constructionareas for the public to access their requirements forresidential, shopping and other facilities.

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Duration ofimpact


Contractor shall deploy more work forces for speedycompletion of activities in these areas.

Shopkeepers will be informed prior to constructionalong the commercial areas.

Activities requiring maximum access control to bedone during non-peak hours.

Excavation along the road to be done in such a waythat entire stretch will not be trenched at a time.

Traffic management with diversion through alternateroutes will be implemented by providing adequatesign boards.

Trenching and pipe laying along the traffic routes willbe planned and integrated to avoid retrenching/modifying trench during pipe laying along the sameline.

Work shall proceed on schedule so as to minimizeroad closures

On completion of construction activities in an area,quick clearance of debris, etc. will facilitate access bycustomers to local business and residents to theirhouseholds

Placement of traffic officers at busy intersections tofacilitate easy of movement.

Prior public notice indicating the date of start ofconstruction and end date of construction should beprovided road-wise to the locals, allowing them tomake adjustments accordingly

Damage toexistingutilities

Buildings /Water Supplypipe / Electricline etc.

Damage tounderground utilitieslike water, gas line,electricity andtelephone conduits etc.due to constructionactivities.

Temporary Buildings at risk will be identified prior to construction Review all available drawings, notes, and information

on the existing underground lines and structures indetermining the location of the existing facilities.

Concerned authorities shall be informed and theirassistance sought to remove, relocate and restoreservices of these utilities prior to commencement ofconstruction.

Underground utilities encountered in excavatingtrenches carefully shall be supported, maintained and

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Duration ofimpact


protected from injury or interruption of service untilbackfilling is complete and settlement has taken place.

Local population shall be made aware oftiming/location of all construction, enabling them torespond swiftly to supply disruption, especially in theevent of flooding, etc.

Minimal time for replacement operations; andappropriate scheduling as necessary especially forwater supply line

C. Operation phaseSewagetreatmentplant andSewagepumpingstation

Treatment andDisposal ofTreated Waterand Sludge

River, land or groundwater pollution due todischarge of untreatedor partially treatedsewage due toinadequate orinefficient STPoperations.

Permanent Characteristics of Raw Sewage coming to STP siteare:

Parameter Concentration RangepH 6.5-8.0BOD 200-300 mg/lCOD 400-500 mg/lOil & Grease 10-15 mg/lS.S. 400-500mg/lTDS 800-1200 mg/lColiform Count 107-109 MPN/100ml

Treated water quality shall comply with the prescribedNRCD standards of the bid document and otherapplicable conditions of consent to establish issuedby the state pollution control board.Parameters NRCD standardsTotal Suspended Solids, mg/l <30BOD5 at 20°C , mg/l <20

Monitor the treated sewage quality and ensurecompliance with PCB standards for effluent disposalinto surface water bodies, on land or for theagricultural use.

20% Reuse of treated wastewater is proposed to beused in nearby agricultural fields. Map showingproposed areas for Reuse is enclosed as Annexure-XV.

Ensure selection of disinfection technology in such amanner that treated wastewater will not affect aquatic

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Duration ofimpact


ecology. Follow standard operating procedures for operation

and maintenance of STP Undertake periodic audit as per these procedures. Comply with all applicable conditions outlined as a

part of consent to Establish and operate. Quarterly monitoring of influent sewage, treated

sewage, upstream and downstream point of treatedsewage disposal point to river.

Problems arising due tobad odour, insects,polluted air.

Temporary Maintain green belt as per provision of design toprevent spread of bad odour with large canopy/ broadleaves trees like Shisham, Neem, Bargad, Teak, Sal,etc.

Accumulated sludge and solid waste to be clearedwithin 24 hours and spraying of suitable herbicides onaccumulated sludge/solid waste to reduce odour.

Quarterly monitoring of Ambient Air Quality withrespect to PM10, PM2.5, SO2 and NO2, CO and Odourat three locations (at STP site, minimum 500 m awayfrom STP site in up-wind and down-wind direction ofSTP area.

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Increase in AmbientNoise Level anddiscomfort toneighbouring people

Temporary Proper handling and regular maintenance ofoperating machines including pumps, generators, airdiffusers, etc.

Quarterly monitoring of ambient noise levels (day andnight) at same locations as of ambient air monitoringto check compliance to standards

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Indiscriminate disposalof sludge leading tocontamination of landand soil.

Temporary Prepare sludge disposal plan as per desire stageprovisions and guidelines and adhere to the same.

Ensure proper functioning of STP for digestion ofsludge and ensure adequate functioning ofdewatering units for efficient functioning of system

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Mainpumpingstation

WasteHandling

Bad odour, Healthhazard and publicnuisance

Temporary Provision for regular clearance of sludge and solidwaste to minimize odour nuisance

Ensure maintenance of Green belt as planned Periodic disposal of accumulated sludge/solid waste

at designated land fill sites of the city.

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Duration ofimpact


GeneralSafety

Workersexposure tohazardousmaterials/situations

Serious/health/safetyhazards

Temporary Safety shoes or boots with non-slip soles will beprovided to the workers at site

Personal protective equipment and chemical resistantclothing to avoid exposure of skin or eyes to corrosiveand/or polluted solids, liquids, gases or vapors

Electrical equipment for safety before use will bechecked; verified that all electric cables are properlyinsulated

Safety goggles will be provided to operators in allcases where the eyes may be exposed to dust, flyingparticles, or splashes of harmful liquids

Respirator or gas mask will be provided to workerswhen exposed to harmful aerosols, dusts, vapors orgases

Extreme care will be taken when handling highlycorrosive agents such as liquid or gaseous chlorine,concentrated acids or alkalis, or when toxic gasesmay be emitted from the reagents, etc.

Workers will not be allowed to smoke, eat or drink inareas where chemical or biological contaminationmay be expected

All workers will undergo periodic examinations byoperator to reveal early symptoms of possiblechronic effects or allergies

Follow safety measures and Emergencypreparedness plan evolved at design stage

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Table 7.2: Environment Management Plan for Sewer Network in Rajmahal


Duration ofimpact

Mitigation Measures Responsible agency

Sewerage and Sanitation InvestmentsA. Design and Development PhaseSewerageNetwork(Trunk SewerLine)

Accidentalleakages/bursts

Due to accidentalburst or leakage ofsewers, flooding ofthe nearby areas

Backlogging due tounexpected heavyflow rates

Temporary Design sewers with adequate capacity and flowvelocity

Provision for regular inspection and maintenance ofthe sewers

Selection of appropriate location away from sensitivelocations such as schools and hospitals.

For pipelines laid in areas close to river Ganga, therecould be increased vulnerability to accidental burst orleakage of sewers, due to uplift pressure. In sites,suitable anchoring measures to prevent uplift need tobe commissioned as a part of structural design of thesewers. In such, areas frequency of inspection ofsewers need to be increased and in such sites,inspection should be conducted atleast once in amonth.

Preparation of safety and Emergency Preparednessplan

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SewagePumpingStation

Location ofSewagePumpingStation andPumping ofsewage fromSPS to STP

Noise and odournuisance hazardsto neighboringareas.

Cutting of Trees

Permanent Ensure minimum noise generation at pumping stationin SPS by use of less noise generating equipmentmeeting prescribed noise standards as applicableand enclosed generators.

Minimize Tree cutting if involved. Tree plantation around the periphery of SPS site and

landscaping to prevent spread of bad odour withlarge canopy/ broad leaves trees like Shisham,Neem, Bargad, Teak, Sal, etc.

Accumulated screenings and grits to be cleaned atshort intervals and spraying of suitable herbicides onaccumulated screenings and grits to reduce odour.


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B. Construction phaseSewerage Excavation, Damage to Temporary Identify existing underground other utility structures, DBO


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Duration ofimpact


(laying ofsewers) andSewagePumpingstation

cutting, backfilling,compactionandconstructionoperations

underground utilitieslike water, electricityand telephoneconduits etc. due toconstruction activities.

lines through available records and in consultationwith concerned authorities and plan constructionactivities accordingly to minimize damage to suchutilities. These underground utilities encountered inexcavating trenches carefully shall be supported,maintained and protected from damage orinterruption of service until backfilling is complete andsettlement has taken place.

Operator

Accidents/ damagesdue to erosion/ slidingof vertical sides ofexcavated trencheswhile places the pipes

Temporary Maintaining the excavation by Shoring trench sidesby placing sheeting, timber shores, trench jacks,bracing, piles, or other materials

Exposed surface shall be resurfaced and stabilizedby making the sloping sides of trench to the angle ofrepose, so that the soil will remain safely at rest.

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Generation ofsubstantial debris, topsoil and muck duringconstruction

Temporary Top soil shall be preserved and may be used foragricultural purpose or development of city parks.

Soil and debris may be managed for planned landfilling and landscaping;

Debris may be suitably stored to filling back theexcavated areas after placing the trunk sewer lines.

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Dust Generation (AirPollution) due toexcavation, cutting,back filling andcompaction operations

Temporary Water sprinkling over excavated areas, unpavedmovement areas and stockpiles.


Use dust curtains (polysheets/ sheets) around theconstruction area for containing dust spread at SPSbuilding construction site.

Construction equipment and vehicles used inconstruction phase must comply with pollution normsand carry Pollution under Control certificate.

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Construction work near schools and colleges to becarried out during vacations and work near hospitalsto be completed on priority basis (in shorter timeperiod with alternate provision of traffic, accessibility

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Duration ofimpact


of exit/entry gates etc.). Use of low noise and vibrating equipment meeting

prescribed noise standards. Provision of personal protective equipment (PPE) like

ear muffs and plugs for construction workers. Provision of noise barriers in inhabited areas,

particularly near sensitive zones like hospitals,schools etc.

DG sets to be fitted acoustic enclosure to minimizenoise generation at source.

Temporary floodingdue to excavationduring monsoons orblockage of surfacedrains

Temporary Stockpiled areas to be bordered by berms Stockpiles to be done in high areas to avoid flow in

storm water run-off channels and erosion.

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Increased trafficinconvenience(emissions,congestions, longertravel times, blockageof access)

Temporary Alternate traffic routing must be adopted inconsultation with concerned traffic police authorities.Proper traffic planning be made for narrow laneareas.

Work to be completed on priority near business andmarket place to minimize business loss.

Care shall be taken to minimize congestion andnegative impacts at schools and hospitals. Safeaccess shall always be maintained to schools,hospitals, etc. places during construction.

Provide temporary crossing/ bridges as may berequired to facilitate normal life and business

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Settlement ofbackfilled area afterconstruction

Temporary Backfilling material shall be free from petroleumproducts, slag, cinders, ash or other material.

Backfilling activity shall be completed within five daysof laying of sewer.

Proper compaction as per the soil condition andretain the original level of alignment and grade.

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Spillage of fuel and oil Temporary Care to be taken to store fuel and oil (if required) at aplace away from any drainage channel/nalla preferablyto be stored in drums mounted on a concrete pavedplatform with slop draining to small spills collection pit.

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Duration ofimpact


Nuisance due to solidwaste disposal

Temporary Provide separate bins for storage recyclable and non-recyclable wastes.

Ensure that recyclable and non-recyclable waste arecollected in segregated manner in theses binsbefore disposal. Recyclable material shall be sold.Non-recyclable material shall be disposed fordesignated land fill area of the city.

Provision of adequate sanitation facilities for workersat construction sites.

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Accidents Safety hazards tolabours and public

Temporary Comply with the Occupational health and Safety Actof the Central and State groundwater.

Ensure that the contact details of the police orsecurity company and ambulance services nearby tothe site.

Ensure that the handling of equipment and materialsis due as per the standard norms.


Provision of adequate safety precautions such ashelmets, safety shoes, gloves, dust masks,gumboots, etc. to workersMonthly reporting of all accidents and immediatereporting to DBO engineer and owner.

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Constructioncamps

Sanitation Nuisance due toabsence of facility ofsanitation and solidwaste management

Temporary Labour camp, must have adequate provision ofshelter.

Adequate provision of water supply, water may besupplied through tanks/standposts.

Adequate provision of sanitation facilities with septictank, soak pit and atleast 1 toilet block in camp witha provision of 1 seat for 20 persons and with propermaintenance and cleaning

Adequate provision of solid waste management witha provision of separate bins for collection ofbiodegradable and non-biodegradable components ofsolid waste in each camp


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Duration ofimpact


C. Operation phaseSewer line Leakage/

overflowsWater pollution andpossibility of mixingwith water supply line

Temporary Regular monitoring of sewer line and manholes forvisible leakages/ overflows.

Immediate repair operation for the damaged portionof sewer line.

De-siltation of blocked sewers/ manholes withsewage pumping machines-storing and disposal atappropriate refusal area after treatment.

Ensure proper covering of manhole and avoiddumping of solid waste to prevent chocking of sewerline.

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SewagePumpingStation

WasteHandling


Temporary Provision for regular clearance of sludge and solidwastes to minimize odour nuisance

Ensure maintenance of greenbelt as planned Periodic disposal of accumulated sludge/solid waste

to disposal site as approved by DBO engineer.

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SewageCleaningEquipment

ExtractedSewageSludgehandlingand cleaningequipmentmaintenancewastehandling

Bad odour, Healthhazard and publicnuisance and possibleland contaminations

Temporary Ensure that extracted sewage sludge collected duringsewer cleaning are disposed to disposal site asapproved by DBO engineer.

Sewage shall not be disposed on road sides or non-designated areas.

Equipment cleaning waste shall be disposed to publicsewer or STP inlet for treatment

Waste oil if any generated shall be separatelycollected. It shall be sold to authorized waste oilrecyclers.

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GeneralSafety

Workersexposure totoxic gasesinsewers andhazardousmaterialsduringsewermaintenancework

Serious/health/safety hazards

The toxic gases arelikely to contractcommunicablediseases fromexposure topathogens presentin the sewage.

Temporary During cleaning/ maintenance operation, the sewerline will be adequately vented to ensure that no toxicor hazardous gases are present in the line.

Ensure availability of appropriate PPE formaintenance workers.

Safety and Emergency Preparedness plan preparedat design stage to be strictly followed.Monthly reporting of all accidents and immediatereporting to DBO engineer and owner.

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Table 7.3: Environment Management Plan for Low Cost Sanitation Units in Rajmahal


Duration ofimpact


Low Cost Sanitation Units InvestmentsA. Design and Development PhaseLow CostSanitationUnits

Shortage of water

supply electricity

Un-hygenicconditions develop

Temporary Ensure availability of 24x7 water supply Proper communication with ULB or concerned water

supply department Sufficient capacity overhead tanks or ensure

underground tubewell water supply to ensurecontinuous water supply

Selection of appropriate location away from sensitivelocations such as schools, hospitals etc.

Arrangement of water trucks in case of emergency Arrangement of DG sets for use in case of power

failure

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Location ofLCS

Noise and odournuisance hazardsto neighboringareas.

Cutting of Trees

Permanent Design to consider present sanitation practice ofpeople.

Ensure location is easily approachable to poor andweaker sections of the society

Ensure minimum noise generation at LCS by use ofless noise generating equipment meeting prescribednoise standards as applicable and enclosedgenerators.

Minimize Tree cutting if involved. Landscaping to prevent improve aesthetic view with

large canopy/ broad leaves trees like Shisham,Neem, Bargad, Teak, Sal, etc.

Accumulated waste to be cleaned at short intervalsand spraying of suitable herbicides on accumulatedwaste to reduce odour.


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Disposalplan forwaste

Flooding of area Un-hygenic

conditions Breeding of Flies

Temporary Design LCS with proper disposal plan Design with drainage connection in municipal sewer Accumulated waste to be cleaned at short intervals

and spraying of suitable herbicides on accumulatedwaste to reduce odour.


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Duration ofimpact


B. Construction phaseLow CostSanitationUnits

Excavation,cutting, backfilling,compactionandconstructionoperations

Damage tounderground utilitieslike water, gas line,electricity andtelephone conduitsetc. due toconstruction activities.

Temporary Identify existing underground other utility structures,lines through available records and in consultationwith concerned authorities and plan constructionactivities accordingly to minimize damage to suchutilities. These underground utilities encountered inexcavating trenches carefully shall be supported,maintained and protected from damage orinterruption of service until backfill is complete andsettlement has taken place.

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Accidents/ damagesdue to erosion/ slidingof vertical sides ofexcavated trenches


Exposed surface shall be resurfaced and stabilized.Exposed surface will be resurfaced and stabilized bymaking the sloping sides of trench to the angle ofrepose at which the soil will remain safely at rest.

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Use dust curtains (polysheets/ sheets) around theconstruction area for containing dust spread atbuilding construction site.

Construction equipment and vehicles involved inconstruction activities must comply with pollutionnorms and carry Pollution under Control certificate.

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Construction work near schools and colleges to be

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Duration ofimpact


carried out during vacations and work near hospitalsto be completed on priority basis (in shorter timeperiod with alternate provision of traffic, accessibilityof exit/entry gates etc.).

Use of low noise and vibrating equipment meetingprescribed noise standards.


Provision of noise barriers in inhabited areas,particularly near sensitive zones like hospitals,schools etc.

DG set to be fitted acoustic enclosure to minimizeconstruction of noise at source.

Temporary floodingdue to excavationduring monsoons orblockage of surfacedrains

Temporary Stockpiled areas to be bordered by berms Stockpiles to be done to avoid flow in storm water

run-off channels and erosion.

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Temporary Alternate traffic routing must be adopted inconsultation with concerned traffic police authorities.Proper traffic planning be made for narrow laneareas.

Work to be completed on priority near business andmarket place to minimize business loss.

Care shall be taken to minimize congestion andnegative impacts at schools and hospitals. Safeaccess shall be maintained to these places duringconstruction.


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Temporary Backfilling material shall be free from petroleumproducts, slag, cinders, ash or other material.



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Spillage of fuel and oil Temporary Care to be taken to store fuel and oil (if required) at a DBO


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Duration ofimpact


place away from any drainage channel/nalla preferablystored in drums mounted on a concrete paved platformwith slop draining to small spills collection pit.

Operator


Temporary Provide separate bins for collection of biodegradableand non-biodegradable components of solid waste ineach camp

Ensure that wastes are collected in bins disposed atlandfill site.

Provide adequate sanitation facility for workers atconstruction sites.

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Temporary Comply with the Occupational health and Safety Actof the Central and State Governent.

Ensure that the contact details of the police orsecurity company and ambulance services nearby tothe site.

Ensure that the handling of equipment and materialsis supervised and adequately instructed.


Provide adequate safety precautions such ashelmets, safety shoes, gloves, dust masks,gumboots, etc. to workersMonthly reporting of all accidents and immediatereporting to DBO engineer and owner.

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C. Operation phaseLow CostSanitationUnits

Leakage/overflows

Water pollution andpossibility of mixingwith water supply line

Temporary Regular monitoring of LCS drain pipe and manholesfor visible leakages/ overflows.

Immediate repair operation for the damaged portion. De-siltation of blocked pipe/ manholes with

machines-storing and disposal at appropriate refusalarea after treatment.

Ensure proper covering of manhole and avoiddumping of solid waste to prevent chocking.

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WasteHandling

Bad odour, Healthhazard and public

Temporary Provision for regular clearance of solid waste tominimize odour nuisance

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Duration ofimpact


nuisance Ensure availability of herbicides/bleaching powder Periodic disposal of accumulated solid waste to

disposal site.GeneralSafety

Workersduringmaintenancework

Serious/health/safety hazards

Temporary During cleaning/ maintenance operation, Ensureavailability of PPE for maintenance workers.

Follow safety and Emergency Preparedness planprepared at design stage


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Table 7.4: Environment Management Plan for Drain Lining in Rajmahal


Duration ofimpact


Drain Lining InvestmentsA. Design and Development PhaseDrain Lining Leakage/

SpillageFlooding of area Temporary Construction of berms, sides, bed

Desluding, desilting of Drain periodically Manual / mechanical screening arrangement

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Location Cutting of Trees Permanent Nallah to restore its alignment Minimize Tree cutting if involved. Landscaping to

prevent improve aesthetic view with large canopy/broad leaves trees like Shisham, Neem, Bargad,Teak, Sal, etc.

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Disposalplan forwaste

Breeding of Flies Un-hygenic

conditions

Temporary Disposal of screenings at landfill site Accumulated waste to be cleaned at short intervals

and spraying of suitable herbicides on accumulatedwaste to reduce odour.

B. Construction phaseDrain Lining Excavation,

cutting, backfilling,compaction

Damage to existingutilities like water, gasline, electricity andtelephone conduitsetc.

Temporary Identify existing underground other utility structures,lines through available records and in consultationwith concerned authorities and plan constructionactivities accordingly to minimize damage to suchutilities. These underground utilities encountered inexcavating trenches carefully shall be supported,maintained and protected from damage orinterruption of service until backfill is complete and

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Duration ofimpact


settlement has taken place.Accidents/ damagesdue to erosion/ slidingof vertical sides ofexcavated trenches


Exposed surface shall be resurfaced and stabilized.Exposed surface will be resurfaced and stabilized bymaking the sloping sides of trench to the angle ofrepose at which the soil will remain safely at rest.

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Use dust curtains (polysheets/ sheets) around theconstruction area for containing dust spread at

Construction equipment must comply with pollutionnorms and carry Pollution under Control certificate.

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Construction work near schools and colleges to becarried out during vacations and work near hospitalsto be completed on priority basis (in shorter timeperiod with alternate provision of traffic, accessibilityof exit/entry gates etc.).

Use of low noise and vibrating equipment meetingprescribed noise standards.


Provision of noise barriers in inhabited areas,particularly near sensitive zones like hospitals,schools etc.

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Duration ofimpact


DG set to be fitted acoustic enclosure.Temporary floodingdue to excavationduring monsoons orblockage of surfacedrains

Temporary Stockpiled areas to be bordered by berms Stockpiles to be done in high areas to avoid flow in

storm water run-off channels and erosion.

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Temporary Alternate traffic routing must be adopted inconsultation with concerned traffic police authorities.Proper traffic planning is made for narrow lane areas.

Work should to be completed on priority nearbusiness and market place to minimize businessloss.

Care should be taken to minimize congestion andnegative impacts at schools and hospitals. Safeaccess shall be maintained to these places duringconstruction.


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Temporary The backfilling material shall be free from petroleumproducts, slag, cinders, ash or other material.



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Spillage of fuel and oil Temporary Care to be taken to store fuel and oil (if required) at aplace away from any drainage channel/nalla preferablyto be stored in drums mounted on a concrete pavedplatform with slop draining to small spills collection pit.

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Temporary Provide bins for solid wastes. Ensure that waste is collected in bins disposed at

landfill site. Provide adequate sanitation facility for workers at

construction sites.

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Temporary Comply with the Occupational health and Safety Actof India

Ensure that the contact details of the police orsecurity company and ambulance services nearby to

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Duration ofimpact


the site. Ensure that the handling of equipment and materials

is supervised and adequately instructed. Erect warning signs/ tapes and temporary barriers

and/or danger tape, marking flags, lights and flagmenaround the exposed construction works warn thepublic and traffic flow of the inherent dangers.

Provide adequate safety precautions such ashelmets, safety shoes, gloves, dust masks,gumboots, etc. to workers


C. Operation phaseNallahRestoration

Leakage/overflows

Water pollution andpossibility of mixingwith water supply line

Temporary Regular monitoring of drain for visible leakages/overflows.

Immediate repair operation for the damaged portion. De-siltation of blocked drains with machines and

disposal at appropriate refusal area. Avoid dumping of solid waste to prevent chocking.

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WasteHandling


Temporary Provision for regular clearance of solid waste tominimize odour nuisance

Ensure availability of herbicides/bleaching powder Periodic disposal of accumulated solid waste to

disposal site.

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GeneralSafety

Workersexposureduringmaintenancework

Health/ safetyhazards

Temporary During cleaning/ maintenance operation, ensureavailability of PPE for maintenance workers.

Follow safety and Emergency Preparedness planprepared


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7.3 Environmental Monitoring PlanThe Environmental Monitoring Programme has been detailed out in Table 7-5. Successful

implementation of the Environmental Monitoring Program is contingent on the following:

The Project Management Consultant (PMC) along with Rajmahal Nagar Panchayat to

request the Contractor to commence all the initial tests for monitoring (i.e. for Air, Water

Quality and Noise Levels) early in the Contract to establish 'base' readings (i.e. to assess

the existing conditions prior to effects from the Construction activities being felt);

The PMC along with Rajmahal Nagar Panchayat to request the Concessionaire / Contractor

to submit for approval a proposed schedule of subsequent periodic tests to be carried out;

Monitoring by the PMC's Environmental Officer of all the environmental monitoring tests,

and subsequent analysis of results;

Where indicated by testing results, and any other relevant on-site conditions, PMC to

instruct the Concessionaire / Contractor to:

o Modify the testing schedule (dates, frequency);

o Modify (add to or delete) testing locations;

o Verify testing results with additional testing as/if required;

o Require recalibration of equipment, etc., as necessary; and,

o Request the Concessionaire to stop, modify or defer specific construction equipment,

processes, etc., as necessary, that are deemed to have contributed significantly to

monitoring readings in excess of permissible environmental "safe" levels.


7-30

Table 7.5: Environmental Monitoring Plan

EnvironmentComponent Stage

Institutional ResponsibilitiesParameter Standards /

MethodsLocations Frequency Implementation Supervision

Air Quality Construction PM10, PM2.5,SO2, NO2, CO

CPCB STP/SPS, Sewer,LCS sites

Once in everyseason (exceptmonsoon)

Contractor throughapproved monitoringagency/Lab

PMC,RajmahalNagarPanchayatand SPMG

Water Quality Construction pH, EC, TDS,Total Hardness,Total Alkalinity,Ca, Mg, SO4,Fe, PO4, NO3,

CPCB U/s & d/s ofeffluentdischarge, 2Ground watereach for 4 drains

Once everyseason



Operation pH, EC, TDS,BOD, COD, DO,PO4, NO3,Coliform etc.

U/s & d/s ofeffluentdischarge, 2Ground water, on3 drains

Once everyseason.



Noise Levels Construction Leq dB (A) (Dayand Night)Average andPeak values

Ambient NoiseStandardCPCB

STP / Sewer /LCS / DrainConstructionSites

Once everyseason



Operation Leq dB (A) (Dayand Night)Average andPeak values

STP/ SPS/ LCSSites

Once in everyseason



Soil Construction PhysicalParameters:Texture, GrainSize, Gravel,Sand, Silt, Clay;

Consider thefollowingmethods:

IS-2720

STP/ Sewer /LCS / DrainConstructionSites

Once in everyseason




7-31

EnvironmentComponent Stage

Institutional ResponsibilitiesParameter Standards /

MethodsLocations Frequency Implementation Supervision

ChemicalParameters: pH,Conductivity,Calcium,Magnesium,Sodium,Nitrogen,Absorption Ratio

(Various part);

Soil ChemicalAnalysis byM.L.JACKSON.

Soil TestMethod byMinistry ofagriculture

Operation PhysicalParameter :Texture, GrainSize, Gravel,Sand, Silt, Clay;ChemicalParameter: pH,Conductivity,Calcium,Magnesium,Sodium,Nitrogen,Absorption Ratio

Consider thefollowingmethods:

IS-2720(Various part);

Soil ChemicalAnalysis byM.L.JACKSON.

Soil TestMethod byMinistry ofagriculture

Landfill site, nearSTP drying bedssite, along trunksewer site, LCSsite

Once in everyseason



Note: Cost for operation phase has been estimated for a period of first 10 years.


7-32

7.4 EMP BudgetThe environmental budget for the various environmental management measures proposed in

the ESMP is detailed in Table 7-6 and the cost of the Environmental Monitoring is given in

Table 7-7. There are several other environmental issues that have been addressed as part of

good engineering practices, the costs for which have been accounted for in the Engineering

Cost. The rates adopted for the budget has been worked out on the basis of market rates and

the Schedule of rates. Various environmental aspects covered / will are covered under

engineering costs are listed below:

Proper drainage arrangements to prevent water stagnation/ flooding in SPS, STP

site

Appropriate siting, and enclosing within building to reduce noise and odour nuisance

to surrounding area. Drainage along the ghats to collect the discharge from the

residents and connecting to city sewer.

Alternate traffic re-routing,

Ensuring storage of excavated soil material on the higher lying areas

Solid Waste Management

The tentative cost breakup of the EMP is given inTable 7.6. These costs are to be considered

as estimated on a lump-sum basis, since the detailed cost estimates depend on site condition

and construction/operation practices.


7-33

Table 7.6: Cost Details of Environmental Management Plan

Phase Component of EMP

Mitigationmeasure

Cost included in theDPR (Yes/no/not

clear)

Cost in Rupees(or Details if provided in

DPR)Remarks

DesignandDevelopment

Design ofefficientSTP

Selection ofappropriatetechnology

Yes (not specific butincluded as a part ofassociatedconstruction activity)

DPR for SewerageSystem at Rajmahal,Chapter - 8, Table-8.1

MBBR technology has been chosen in theproposed DPR

Sludgedisposaldesign inSTP

Appropriatetechnology/sludgemanagement



The proposed DPR includes these activities

Provisionforaccidentalleakages /bursts inSTP/SPS

Proper drainagearrangements toprevent waterstagnation/flooding inSTP/SPS sitearea




Location ofSTP

Provision of treesas noise barriersand to reduceodour nuisance ifany

Yes (provision ofplantation anddevelopment of STPcampus)


The proposed STP is placed away from mainresidential area and its enclosed natureprevents odour and noise pollution.

Tree plantation: Suggested to grow trees withlarge canopy and which are suitable to growin the study area. Trees like Neem, Sal,Arjun, Jamun, Nahera, Pongamia, Harar,Drek, Bahera, Ailan thus are suitable for thepresent project area.

Location ofSPS

Appropriatesiting, andenclosing withinbuilding to reducenoise and odournuisance tosurrounding area

Yes DPR for SewerageSystem at Rajmahal,Chapter - 8, Table-8.1

The proposed SPS will be indoor which willprevent noise and enclosed nature andappropriate cleaning and maintenance willprevent odour nuisance

Construction

Excavation,Cutting andfilling

Review ofexistinginfrastructure,




7-34


Mitigationmeasure


clear)


DPR)Remarks

operations shoring trenches,reinstatement/resurfacing

Damagepublicutilities

Proper reviewingof existingdrawings ofutilities, informingconcernauthorities andreinstatement ofpublic utilities



Dustgeneration

Water sprinklingon excavatedmaterial tosuppress dustand provision oftop cover whentransportedthrough vehicles

No Water tanker approx. Rs.4,10,000

Top cover for dumpertruck: Rs. 22,500

Water sprinkling:As per time schedule of 18 months for 34.2km sewer & 1.45 km rising main excludingmonsoon period.Per day, as estimated 66 m will be covered660 L water will be consumed every-daysprinkler, average 2 times a day.Labour cost = Rs. 178/day (J-SOR, BCD)0.1 tanker of capacity 6 KL will be used perdayRs. 12.24/tanker + Rs. 178/labourer = Rs.190.24Per meter cost = Rs. 190.24/66m = Rs. 2.88Total cost for 35.65 km = Rs. 2.88 x 35650 =Rs. 1,02,672/-

As discussed with SPMG keeping a 2-daymargin for construction and re-instatementper site:= 4 x 102672 = Rs. 4,10,688/-

Top cover:Approximately 30 Sqm of top cover may berequired for each vehicle. Assume that 10such vehicles are required in transportingexcess soil to dumping location (considering


7-35


Mitigationmeasure


clear)


DPR)Remarks

construction schedule and max excavatedearth disposal). Therefore:10 trucks x required top cover 30 Sqm xCost of Tripol cover @ Rs. 75/ Sqm = Rs.22500

Noise andvibrations

Usage of soundbarriers orsheets.

No Setting up barricades:Included in DPR

Setting up noise barriers(installing GI sheets):Rs. 46,848

Using Mild Steel (MS) sheets as noisebarriers in sensitive zones: Based ondiscussions with SPMG, noise barriers will besetup only in sensitive regions hence, only2kms (estimated) of noise barrier would berequired. 2km@250m/day would require 8days.

Approximately 250 m of barricade is set upon each side of construction site= 250m x 2 = 500m per site.

Each MS sheet has dimensions of10ft x 4ft = 3m x 1.2m.

Laying each sheet horizontally, 2 sheetswould cover a height of 1.2m + 1.2m = 2.4mand a length of 3m.

Number of MS sheets required for 250mstretch(left side) = 250/3 x 2 = 167 sheetsNumber of MS sheets required for 250mstretch(right side) = 250/3 x 2 = 167 sheetsTotal = 334 sheets of 3.6 sqmPer sqm. Wt. of MS sheet @ 0.733 kgTotal Wt. of MS sheet = 8.82 quintal

Hence 8.80 x Cost of MS sheet Rs. 5000 perquintal (Analysis of DSR-14, page 518) +labour cost for 8 days (two labourers at avg.


7-36


Mitigationmeasure


clear)


DPR)Remarks

rate of Rs.178 per day).= (8.8x5000) + (178x2x8) = Rs. 46,848

*The costs provided above are for a 250mstretch and provided for barricades and MSsheets (noise barriers) separately. ErectingBarricades or Noise barriers should be donebased on the site specific requirements.

*It is also assumed that excavation,construction and backfilling activity will takeplace simultaneously at each stretch.

Temporaryflooding or,waterlogging

Alternate trafficre-routing,Ensuring storageof excavated soilmaterial on thehigher lying areas



Increasedtrafficinconvenience

Traffic re-routing Yes DPR for SewerageSystem at Rajmahal,Chapter - 8, Table-8.1


Safetyhazards toworkersandresidents

Putting fences orother barricadesto demarcate thearea



Labourcamps (ifadopted)

Healthhazardsandnuisancedue toabsence offacility forsanitationor solidwaste

Sanitation No Cost of construction of pitand toilet buildingapproximately Rs.5,27,000

Cleaning of all pits 10,000

Total number of labourers is estimatedassuming 35% of total project working foraverage 24 months (24 months for sewerageand for STP). The labour camps can bedivided into 1 camp, for appropriatemanagement and maintenance work. Campwill have around 50 labourers

A toilet with septic tank is been suggested forsanitation facility at labour camps.


7-37


Mitigationmeasure


clear)


DPR)Remarks

management Toilet Block with Septic Tank and pit

construction cost is Rs. 5,27,000/- as perDetailed Cost Estimate & Drawing ofESIA Report.

Pit cleaning: The filled pit has to becleaned after 6 months by eitherdisposing off at refusal site. Cleaning ofone pit would be:4 Labour for 1 day x Rs. 167.17 (J-DWSD s.no.1) = Rs. 668.68Carriage (J-BCD s.no.3) upto 5 km, Rs.244.045 times x 912.72 = 4564/- approximatelyRs. 5,000/-.

So, for 2 pits in the given project durationtwice cleaning would be needed, So totalcost would be Rs. 10,000

Water Supply No Rs. 1,20,290/- SayApproximately Rs.1,20,000

As estimated 50 laborers will be at one campand average size of family will be 4. Around 2stand posts will be needed at camp. Onestand post cost is Rs 7841/- (MaharashtraJeevan Pradhikaran SOR 2013-14, Nagpur &Amravati Region, page 47, Item H-12,Providing and constructing 2 taps standpostas per type design with excavation 15 cmthick PCC 1:3:6 bedding 20 mm thick PCC1:2:4 concrete for platform of 1.75 m dia withside curb and bucket rest, 80 mm dia, heavyduty GI pipe central post duly filled thereinwith CC 1:2:4, 5 m long, 20 mm dia. MediumGI pipe from point of tapping to standpostadditional 20 mm dia GI pipe fixed verticallyupto 15 mm dia self closing water taps, one


7-38


Mitigationmeasure


clear)


DPR)Remarks

brass ferule etc. complete together with alllobour and material charges as per drawingand as directed by E/I when BC soilfoundation is available. Rate includesdraining arrangement by excavating opengutters.) So total cost of construction will beRs. 15,682/-.For the standard of drinking water @ 5 lpcd,1 KL of water is needed for the camp. At therate of Rs 167.07 per KL (J-RCD page 336),the cost of drinking water provisioning wouldbe Rs 167.07/- per day. For 24 months, costwill be Rs. 1,20,290/-

Dust bins No Approximately Rs.137,000/-

Solid waste generation: Generally about 40grams of solid waste is generated per personevery day. So, 200 x 40 = 8000 gm = 8 kg.2 cluster dustbin (one for biodegradablewaste and one for non-biodegradable wasteof 120ltr. size at the rate of Rs. 6161/-(quotation) x 2 = Rs. 12,322/-) may handlesolid waste generated. Cleaning of bins would be:

2 Labour for 1 day x Rs. 167.17 (J-DWSD s.no.1) = Rs. 334.34Carriage (J-BCD s.no.3) upto 5 km, Rs.244.04 per month30 times x 912.72 = 4564/- approximatelyRs. 136,920/-.

Treatmentanddisposal ofsludge

Ensure properfunctioning ofSTP for digestionof sludge


The proposed DPR includes these activities.

Operation TreePlantation

Aestheticappearance bygreen cover

Yes DPR for SewerageSystem at Sahibganj,Chapter - 8, Table-8.1

DPR for Sewerage system at Sahibganjincludes Cost of Greenbelt developmentaround the periphery of STP/SPS/MPS


7-39


Mitigationmeasure


clear)


DPR)Remarks

AccidentalBursts

Immediate Repair Yes DPR for SewerageSystem at Sahibganj,Chapter - 8, Table-8.1

DPR includes cost for Operation andmaintenance which includes immediaterepair & maintenance of any kind ofbreakage.

The estimated cost of the environmental management plans that are not included in the DPR amount to Rs. 12,73,348/-. SayRs. 12.75 lakh

Table 7.7: Cost of Environmental Monitoring Plan

S.NO. Reference Item Location Season YearTotal

Samplesin No.

UnitCostRs.

TotalCost Rs.

A. Environment Monitoring during Construction Stage

1 Quotation

Ambient Air Quality Monitoring- For parameters -PM-2.5 & PM-10, SO2, NO2, CO from NABL approvedlaboratory and submission of report complete in allrespect. (twice a week for four consecutive weeks ateach location)

3 3 2 18 2,998 53964

2RUIDPSOR 2013,Item No. 5.9

Ambient Noise Quality Monitoring - To Identifysources of noise, Noise due to traffic/transportation ofvehicles, Noise due to heavy equipment operations,Duration and variations in noise over time etc. theequivalent noise levels shall be monitored (Lday andLnight in Leq dBA) from NABL approved laboratory andsubmission of report complete in all respect.

5 3 2 30 2,928 87840

3 Quotation

Soil analysis -- Collecting representative sample andPhysical & Chemical testing of Parameter from NABLapproved laboratory as per CPHEEO manual

5 3 2 30 2,998 89940pH, EC, Texture, Porosity, Nitrogen, Potassium,Phosphorous, Organic Matter, Particle size distribution,Exchangeable sodium percentage


7-40


Samplesin No.

UnitCostRs.

TotalCost Rs.

4 Quotation

Water Quality Analysis– Collecting representativesample and Physical & Chemical testing of Parameterfrom NABL approved laboratory as per CPHEEO manual

PH, TDS, Taste & Odour, turbidity, magnesium, Totalhardness, total alkalinity, chloride, sulphate, nitrate,fluoride, Calcium, Iron, Pesticide, Manganese, Cooper,Aluminum, Residual Chlorine, Zinc, phenolic compound,Arsenic, Cadmium, Chromium, cyanides, lead, selenium,Mercury.

7 3 2 42 2,928 122976

Sub total 354,720B. Environment Monitoring Cost (Operation Stage)

5 Quotation

Ambient Noise Quality Monitoring - To Identifysources of noise, Noise due to traffic/transportationof vehicles, Noise due to heavy equipmentoperations, Duration and variations in noise overtime etc. the equivalent noise levels shall bemonitored (Lday and Lnight in Leq dBA) from NABLapproved laboratory and submission of reportcomplete in all respect.

4 3 1 12 2,928 35136

6 Quotation

Soil analysis -- Collecting representative sampleand Physical & Chemical testing of Parameter fromNABL approved laboratory as per CPHEEO manual

4 3 1 12 2,998 35976pH, EC, Texture, Porosity, Nitrogen, Potassium,Phosphorous, Organic Matter, Particle sizedistribution, Exchangeable sodium percentage


7-41


Samplesin No.

UnitCostRs.

TotalCost Rs.

7 Quotation

Water Quality Analysis– Collecting representativesample and Physical & Chemical testing ofParameter from NABL approved laboratory as perCPHEEO manual

PH, TDS, Taste & Odour, turbidity, magnesium,Total hardness, total alkalinity, chloride, sulphate,nitrate, fluoride, Calcium, Iron, Pesticide,Manganese, Cooper, Aluminum, Residual Chlorine,Zinc, phenolic compound, Arsenic, Cadmium,Chromium, cyanides, lead, selenium, Mercury.

7 4 1 28 2,928 81984

8

RUIDPSOR 2013,

Item No.5.5.2

Collecting representative sample andBacteriological Parameter of water from NABLapproved laboratory as per CPHEEO manual: Totalcoliforms, fecal coliforms

7 4 1 28 1,600 44800

9 Transportation and Monitoring Cost LS 1,50,000

10 Quotation

Fly nuisance at PS/STP, Application of insecticides.Assuming spray twice a week at each PS & STP by 1000ml consumption in each month in each PS and 2000 mlin STP. So, 4 +2 = 6 bottles per month

6 12 1 72 280 20160

11 LS Use of PPE and PPC 50,000Subtotal of 1st Year 268,056

AnnualIncrease @

10%

For 2nd year 294862For 3rd year 324348For 4th year 356783For 5th year 392461For 6th year 431707For 7th year 474878For 8th year 522365


7-42


Samplesin No.

UnitCostRs.

TotalCost Rs.

For 9th year 574602For 10th year 632062Total Environmental Monitoring Cost During Operation Phase …..B 4,272,122

GRAND TOTAL (A+B) 4,626,842

The Cost of Environmental Monitoring is Rs. 46.27 lakh.The estimated cost of the Environmental Management Plans amount to Rs. 12.75 lakh +Rs. 46.27 lakhTotal Cost of Environment Management is Rs. 59.02 Lakh


CHAPTER – 8SOCIAL DEVELOPMENTOUTCOMES AND ISSUES


8-1

CHAPTER 8SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT OUTCOMES AND ISSUES

8.1 INTRODUCTIONThe baseline social status is important to understand the region's existing cultural and social

status of the residing community. The various suggestions were given in the public

consultation and during focus group discussion (FGD) and also by the stake holders are

presented in this Chapter.

8.2 PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSIONThe public consultation and focus group discussion (FGD) were conducted on 4th and 5th

April 2014 wherein social expert has interacted in a well prescribed Questionnaire, which is

enclosed as Annexure - XII. The details of public consultation and group discussion are

given in Table-8.1. The participants in FGD are mainly adults from different sections of

society; students, females, hawkers, fishermen, shopkeepers, academicians etc.

Table- 8.1: Details of Public consultation and FGDS.No.

Place Date No. ofParticipants

Nature ofParticipants

Key Issue Raised

1 MadhuSudanColony

5/04/2014 12 Students,Teachers,Academicians

Some inconvenience inparking, traffic, dustproblem but overall verybeneficial project andshould be executed with intime as well.

2 BurmanColony

5/04/2014 6 Residents Very good scheme fromsanitation, health,aesthetic & environmentsanitation point of view.Some inconvenience tosmall vendors, trafficproblem duringconstruction phase.

3 Nogachipul

5/04/2014 5 Shopkeepers,Residents

Problems of flies,mosquitoes, health will besolved. The project shouldbe executed within time.Overall very beneficial &good project for health,aesthetic value and riverGanga.

4 RailwayColony

5/04/2014 6 Railwayemployees,Residents

Reduction in healthproblems, mosquitoes,and aesthetic value willimprove. Overall theproject is beneficial.

5 NearHospital

5/04/2014 8 Residents:Female

Sanitation condition willimprove. Low CostSanitation (LCS) will be


8-2

S.No.

Place Date No. ofParticipants

Nature ofParticipants

Key Issue Raised

beneficial for women.Some disruption in basicservices is expected. Fliesand mosquitoes problemwill be solved.

The key issues raised during public consultation:In the city, presently, sewer network is not in existence; therefore, sewage is disposed in an

unplanned manner without any treatment. The locals are very much interested in the laying

of sewer line and its connection to the toilets. Due to unhygienic conditions, and open drains,

flies / mosquitoes are growing and malaria has become a common disease throughout the

city.

Locals perceive this project as boon, in terms of improvement of different aspects in their

daily life. They are of the opinion that traffic conditions will improve as more space will be

available after removing the open drains.

Due to installation of sewerage system, there will not be bad odour (offensive smell) which

would help in increase the aesthetic value of neighborhood and environmental sanitation, as

there will be no open defecation. Thus, project will play an improving role in water quality

and public health. Due to project, health problems will decrease and water quality of river

Ganga would improve. This will encourage more and more people would like to take bath in

the river Ganga. People perceive that initially, at the time of installation of sewer-line

including construction of STP, there will be much noise due to use of heavy machinery and

increase in dust emissions, which will affect the air quality etc. Moreover, the problem will

subside on completion of construction activities. When the drains are covered, there will be

lesser number of flies / mosquitoes, and problem of bad odour (offensive smell) will also be

ameliorated to large extent.

It is felt that during construction phase, there will be disruption in basic services like drinking

water, electricity poles, etc. However, the project will play a very positive role due to sewage

treatment and the disrupted facilities will be restored. During construction phase, daily life of

people livelihood etc. will be marginally disturbed, which will be a temporary phase.

Regarding workers camp, people are of the opinion that there will be not much impact due to

these camps.

Out of 9 Existing Low Cost Sanitation units, only 6 are functioning. Mostly community toilets

are without water supply, electric supply and are currently in unusable condition. In absence

of proper maintenance including cleanliness, people are forced to resort to practice open

defecation. In view of this problem, locals are ready to go for ‘pay-and-use toilets’ which are

technically appropriate, socially acceptable and affordable.


8-3

Community is demanding the construction of Low Cost sanitation units and action is highly

acceptable.

Discussions in Burman Colony Discussion with Ward Parishads & locals

Discussions in Sangi Dalan area Discussions in Ward No. 8As a whole, people are of the opinion that there may be some adverse conditions at the time

of construction work but later on, the situation will be improve and people will be benefitted

due to the project.

They perceive that during operation phase of the project, certainly, sanitation condition will

improve due to sewer network & low cost sanitation units and pollution level will reduce

significantly. Bad odour (offensive smell), flies / mosquitoes, open defecation will reduce.

Similarly, access to river water quality will improve. Family and livelihood conditions will

improve and thus, daily life of the local masses will improve, and overall, there will be a

positive impact on the quality of life.

The Outcome of Public consultation as per the approved Questionnaire is given in the

following paragraphs:

Awareness about the project to be implemented under Mission Clean Ganga.Only 20% people are aware that the project is to be implemented under Mission Clean

Ganga. Majority of the public do not know about the project and only 5% people have little

information regarding the project. The awareness about the project is shown in Figure-8.1.


8-4

Figure-8.1: Awareness about the project

Necessity of the Project.Majority people were in favor of the project. General, viewpoint of people was that such kind

of project is very necessary for river Ganga as well as for the city.

Present Sanitation/Pollution Condition in the cityMajority people agreed that the present situation of sanitation/pollution in the area is very

serious and need to improve. Only 5% people answered that they do not bother about the

issue. The response on the present sanitation conditions in the town are shown in Figure-

8.2.

Figure-8.2: Response on the present sanitation condition in town

Household connections.In the present scenario, there are no household connections in Rajmahal town.

Connections of toilet to sewer lineMajority of people (around 90%) are willing that there toilet should be connected to sewer

line while 5% people not bothered about the issue. Only 5 % people do not want such kind of

65 %20 %

5 %10 % Doesn't Know

Know

Little Information

Only heard the name ofMission Clean Ganga

70 %

25 %5 %

Very seriousNeed to ImproveDo not bother


8-5

scheme. The response on the willingness for the sewer connection in the town is shown in

Figure-8.3.

Figure-8.3: Response on the sewer connections in town

Major water borne and vector borne diseases in the areaDiarrhea, Malaria, Typhoid, Cholera and dengue are the major water borne and vector borne

diseases in the area.

Effect on the following due to the construction of the project.Traffic: In general viewpoint there will be inconvenience during construction phase due to

laying of sewer pipes and traffic blockage but this effect will be short term.

Parking: Some problem of vehicle parking is expected on a short term basis, lasting only

during project construction phase.

Aesthetic Value: The aesthetic value of neighborhood and environment will improve due to

commissioning of the project.

Health: The health related problem can be controlled by using mitigation measures of dust

control, noise pollution check etc. This would be a short term effect.

Access to River: River water quality will improve and river would be more accessible.

Noise: Effect on noise would be minimal and shall be mitigated using mitigation measures.

Effect on noise would be short term.

Livelihood: Effect on livelihood would be short term, difficulty in accessibility and movement

due to digging of the roads.

Impact due to worker’s camp: The unsanitary conditions and safety concerns can be

mitigated by providing the proper sanitation facilities in the labour camps.

Project will help in improving the sanitation status of the cityMostly all people agreed that there will be improvement in the sanitation status of the city

after project implementation. The responses on prospect of improving sanitation status in the

town are shown in Figure-8.4.

90 %

5 %5 %

YesNoDon't bother


8-6

Figure-8.4: Response on improving sanitation status of the town

Future scenario in the absence of the project.Around 85% of respondents felt that, the condition in the coming future will worsen if such

kinds of schemes are not taken up. This project will help in improving the

sanitation/environment condition in the town as well as the water quality of the river Ganga

will also improve. The responses on future scenario in the absence of project are shown in

Figure-8.5.

Figure-8.5: Response on future scenario in the absence of sewerage system

Effects of project in post completion stagePollution reduction: Project will surely help in the pollution reduction of the city.

Better Sanitation: Sanitation conditions in the town will improve.

Reduction in smell/flies: There will be reduction in such problems as there will be no open

drains.

Access to River: River Ganga would be more accessible as the quality of the water will

improve and there would not be direct discharge of drain in the river.

90 %

4 %6 %

YesNoDo not know

85 %

5 %10 %

Worse situationNo effectCan not say


8-7

Conflicts during implementation/construction of the projectMost of the people are in favor of the project and they do not perceive any conflict during

implementation/construction of the project.

Improvement in Ganga river qualityAround 95% people agreed that the quality of river Ganga will improve as there will be no

direct discharge of untreated sewage in the river.

Implementation of the project in a timely and efficient manner.Around 80% people answered that the state authority will implement the project in a timely

and efficient manner while 20% people answered that the implementation of the project will

take more time than estimated period of completion.

Redressal mechanism in case of any grievances.Mostly people suggested that there should be a Grievance Redressal Officer and whose

contact number should be available at sites so that general people can contact him and

address him about their grievances.

Cultural issues/threats against similar projects in the past.Mostly people do not perceive any threat and cultural issues for such kind of projects. It was

suggested that implementing agency should give maximum employment to local people for

the project implementation.

Temporary disruption/disturbance during the construction/operation phase.Around 80% people are ready to cope with the temporary disruption/disturbances during the

construction/operation phase as the project is beneficial for the town and river Ganga.

Around 15% people suggested that there should be a provision of compensation if any

property of individual is damaged.

8.3 STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATIONSThe stakeholders meeting were conducted at DC-Sahibganj office on 4th April 2014. Key

issues discussed in meeting are presented in Table-8.2 and attendance sheet is enclosed as

Annexure – XIII.Table-8.2: Key Issues in Stakeholders MeetingS.No.

Name & Designation ContactNo.

Key Issues

1 Sh. L. Muthu KumarDistrict CollectorSahibganj

-- Proposed project is beneficial for the city. Execution of the project must be as per

the time schedule prescribed in DPR &district administration is ready to extendall the assistance to the implementingagency.

2 Sh. Niranjan Kumar,Assistant Collector,Sahibganj

943139662 According to the land revenuedepartment the land identified for Projectcomponents is Private and Government


8-8

S.No.


Key Issues

Land which yet to be transferred toNagar Panchayat. The transferprocedure is in process.

Proposed project will help inenvironmental sanitation, aesthetic valueand will improve the public healthscenario of the town.

3 Sh. Mukund DasDistrict DevelopmentOfficer, Sahibganj

9955919100 Necessary measures should be taken toavoid the inconvenience to the publicduring construction & operation phase.

Such schemes will help in improvementof the environment of the town.

4 Sh. Vidhan ChandraChoudhry, S.D.MRajmahal

9199217635 This project will improve the overall waterenvironment of the town and the qualityof the river Ganga will also improve.Implementation of the project shall befast and all mitigation measures shall betaken to avoid the inconvenience to thepublic.

5 Dr. Asha NathDistrict EducationOfficer, Sahibganj

9431318913 Proposed project will solve problemsrelated to disposal of untreated sewagein river Ganga, public health, sanitation,flies and smell etc.

There was a suggestion that districtauthority should try to create awarenessin children through schools to safeguardthe river Ganga water quality.

6 Sh. Anurag LakraExecutive Officer,Rajmahal Panchayat,Sahibganj

9835659228 The proposed project is very beneficialfor the local public and quality of thewater of river Ganga.

Execution of the proposed project shallbe taken on a priority basis.

Measures shall be taken to avoid theinconvenience to public.

7 Sh. Chander KishoreYadav, ExecutiveOfficer, Sahibganj

9431626236 The district authority is ready to help inbest way for the timely implementation ofthe project.

Measures shall be taken to avoidinconvenience to public.

8 Sh. Pradeep TiggaDistrict TransportOfficer, Sahibganj

8757396004 Measures shall be taken to avoid theinconvenience to public due to trafficjams and parking problem duringconstruction phase of the project.

There was a suggestion for theidentification of the alternative routes and


8-9

S.No.


Key Issues

proper installation of the traffic signals atthe earlier stage.

9 Dr. SiddhnathACMO, Sahibganj

9431140770 The proposed project will help improvethe status of public health of the city .Theexecution of the project shall be donewell within time.

Measures shall be taken to avoidinconvenience to local public due to dust,noise and other expected impacts duringconstruction and operation phases of theproject.

10 Smt. Anjana BhartiCommunication cumSocial Manager,SPMG, Ranchi

8987661474 The district authorities should help theimplementing agencies as the project ishelpful in improving the quality ofenvironment of town as well as thequality of Ganga river water.

Collective measures shall be taken toavoid inconvenience to local public anddelay in implementation of the project.

During the stakeholders consultation meetings in Sahibganj, following points emerged:

The discussions with various stakeholders revealed that people are not aware of similar

type of projects in Sahibganj or other part of Jharkhand. However, some of them

mentioned that they have heard about similar type of projects in the state of Uttar

Pradesh, particularly in Allahabad and Kanpur. But they were unable to explain the

details of the programme.

The operation and maintenance of the project will be takenup by local ULB i.e. Rajmahal

Nagar Panchayat, which is quite enthusiastic to work under the said assignment.

Stakeholder Meeting in DC Office at Sahibganj

All the stakeholders unanimously are of the opinion that throughout the project period,

involvement of a Sahibganj based Non-Governmental Organization, namely, “Kaushalya


8-10

Jyoti” which is quite popular among the local masses, may be of much use as they have

already initiated various IEC activities on their own initiative spreading awareness for

cleanliness of the city as well as river Ganga.

Some of the people who are presently involved as cleaner with the ULB for cleaning the

drains were little bit suspicious that they will be losing their jobs due to installation of

sewer line. Such type of misconception were removed by different stakeholders stating

that instead of cleaning open drains, they will be involved in cleaning the manholes and

roads. Thus, they will not be losing their jobs.

People were well aware of the importance of this project and adverse impact of the

same, if it is not implemented. They perceive that the quality of ground water will be

adversely affected further, and health, hygienic conditions will become worse. Flies /

mosquitoes breeding places will increase and malaria will become quite common in the

city. The water of river Ganga will become more polluted. Hence, life in the city will be

affected due to bad smell and solid waste flow in the open drains.

They mentioned that they will be helping in smooth running of the construction work by

removing certain obstacles coming from the community members. For this purpose, they

are ready to create awareness among the community members especially the neighbors’

and family members at their own. Similarly, they are ready for extending their full

cooperation during the problems/ difficulties, if found from the community side. They do

not perceive any conflict during the implementation / construction of this project. If any

problem exists, the same will be resolved at their own level.

During focused group discussions and consultation meetings, all the stakeholders

mentioned that there will be no grievance as the issue is very pertinent to all of them.

Ultimately, this project will be helpful in controlling the untreated sewage being disposed

in river Ganga and thus, indirectly, some religious activities will increase. They

mentioned that “Evening Arti” was started here earlier, which was stopped, due to

uncleanness of Ganga.

The officials of the ULBs were equally enthusiastic for implementation of the said

project. Even the representatives of the community including chairman and vice

chairman of the ULB were ready to help in all aspects of the project. They mentioned

that project will become boon to the city and the community and it should be completed

without any delay. They were found quite confident in solving the problems if comes

during the implementation.

To sum up, the people of the city are well aware about the said project. They are ready

to cooperate during implementation through solving local problems if comes at any


8-11

stage. District administration including other institutions like NGOs and educational are

equally enthusiastic for the same.

8.4 SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT OUTCOMES OF THE SUB PROJECT

Access to sewer network: This service will cater to the projected population until the

year 2045. According to the DPR, population is expected to increase from 22,514 in

2011 to 37,915 by 2047. Wastewater @115 lpcd (85% of water supply) will generate

total sewage of approx. 4 mld. Proposed project will prevent the outflow of untreated

waste water to the Ganga.

Better hygienic conditions: The sewerage network will provide improved

environmental conditions due to the contained handling of wastes, leading to improved

public health conditions and will likely to reduce the average medical expenses of the

residents in the project areas. According to DPR this area is completely un-sewered

and waste water finds its way into the river through open drains. These areas suffer

from powerful odors and greater amounts of flies/mosquitoes, which will be mitigated

with the sewerage connection and overall improvement in environment and health is

anticipated from this project.

Household connections: 100% sewer connection has been proposed for Sahibganj

prior to the commissioning of project.

Decrease in water pollution: Because of the sewer line connection, all the waste

water will be collected and directed to treatment plant, which only after treatment will

be disposed-off to the river, hence decreasing the pollutant load in the river.

Increase in aesthetic value of the project area: connection to sewer lines enhance

the aesthetic value of the area, as there will be more cleanliness and no wastewater

discharge to open area. This will also lead to appreciation in the property value. This

will eventually lead to increase in standard of living of the people in the project site.

The support for this statement comes from the counter-factual scenario observed in

areas with only nallas (bad odor, insects, etc.).

Reduction in cost of implementation: According to DPR, wherever possible

development of sewerage will be integrated with existing GAP infrastructure to reduce

the overall investment cost.

Cultural sentiments: Proper sewage disposal would increase the river water quality.

As river Ganga is associated with too many rituals and customs, improved river water

quality would connect to sentiments of the people.


8-12

8.5 SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT ISSUES IN PROJECT VICINITY AND SOCIALSERVICES TO BE PROVIDED BY THE PROJECT

The social benefits of the proposed project are given above. The social services required to

ensure that these benefits are realized are given below:

Ensure backward section of the society gets the facility

Increasing household connections will ensure that project benefits are equitably

distributed. 100% sewer connection has been proposed for Rajmahal prior to the

commissioning of project. Special care shall be taken to ensure access for backward

and vulnerable sections of the society. Full benefits of the facilities proposed under

DPR cannot be realized unless a programme to improve coverage of branch sewers

and household connection is carried in parallel.

Increasing community toilet facilities: Similarly increasing community toilet (LCS)

facilities will ensure that residents of Rajmahal without permanent housing and

tourists are able to benefit from the increased sewerage access. Increasing toilet

access will decrease practices such as Open Defecation. This eventually would lead

to better water quality and would have better environment and social ramifications.

Proper clean-up of project debris: In order to maximize aesthetic benefits and

ensure that debris does not clog sewer path, proper clean-up of project areas shall be

performed on completion of construction activities. Collection and disposal of debris is

essential for proper function of other essential processes like traffic routing, pedestrian

pathways, and clearance of dust and particles causing pollution. Clean area will also

enhance the aesthetic value and increase the property rate of the area.


CHAPTER-9CONCLUSIONS


9-1

CHAPTER – 9CONCLUSIONS

The project report of the proposed sub-project for sewerage system for Rajmahal Nagar

Panchayat area after environment and social analysis concludes that the project falls in 'low

impact' category and have overall positive benefits on the life and environment of the people.

No land acquisition or livelihood losses are envisaged due to the proposed project. As per

environmental and social management framework guidelines of NGRBA, Environmental and

Social Assessment, with a Generic Safeguard Management Plan was conducted for addressing

possible issues/ concerns arising from proposed project.

Impacts of activities identified during the assessment fall under three separate categories,

namely Design, Construction and Operation. Although no such permanently negative or adverse

environmental or social impacts were identified, certain temporary impacts were identified, for

which appropriate mitigation plans have also been suggested.

The Environmental Management Plan ensures to suggest appropriate mitigation measures to

ameliorate issues/concerns identified during the environmental and social analysis study. All the

social and environmental issues were appropriately studied and have been substantiated using

appropriate evidences, to ascertain the magnitude of their impacts. Even the issues of public

grievances and public notice have been taken care in the report to confirm transparency during

the project implementation. Report also ensures that well defined institutional mechanism is in

place to monitor and evaluate the progress of the project during construction, implementation

and operation phases. The cost of Environment Management plan shall be about Rs. 59.02 lacs

which is included in the DPR.

Stakeholder consultations, and interviews helped to understand the general perception of public

towards the project and it can be determined that the people of the project site are happy and

welcome such an initiative for their betterment. It was also pointed out that the large overall

environmental benefits of the project such as prevention of discharge of untreated sewage into

River Ganga, improvement in sewerage collection and treatment, prevention of untreated liquid

waste infiltrating into ground water and soil, improvement in quality of life, human dignity and

increased productivity greatly outweigh the temporary inconveniences faced during the

implementation stages.


ANNEXURES


V

Annexure – V

LAND DETAILS

A. Sewerage system

S.No.

Componenets Zone LandRequired

Remarks

1 SPS - 1 1 30x30 sq. m Near Kasim Bazar Ghat and GovernmentLand

2 SPS - 2 2 20x20 sq. m Near Cremation Ghat and GovernmentLand

3 SPS - 3 3 10x10 sq. m Ward No. 114 STP 4 1 – 0 Acre Near Village Van Dubi5 Effluent Channel Along the road

B. Low Cost Sanitation Units

Sl.No

WardNo.

Population Location Nos. & No. of toilet seats Land Required2011 2047 Existing Proposed

1 1 1876 3159 - - 1 & 20 seats 14m x 14m2 2 1691 2974 Harijantola

Bauripara1 & 3 seats 1 & 20 seats 14m x 14m

3 3 1306 2589 Near DurgaMandir, NewKothi

- - -

4 4 1738 3021 - - 1 & 20 seats 14m x 14m5 5 2187 3470 - - - -6 6 1911 3194 SDO Office

Complex,NagarPanchayatOffice

6 & 4 seats - -

7 7 1620 2903 Dilavarpur 1 & 5 seats - -8 8 1884 3167 Dilavarpur - - -9 9 1790 3073 Sub

DivisionalCourt, NayaBazar

- 1 & 20 seats 14m x 14m

10 10 1403 2686 Near BlockOffice, RajaBazar

1 & (4+1) =5 seats

- -

11 11 2360 3643 - 1 & 20 seats 14m x 14m12 12 2748 4031 - - - -

Total 22514 37915 9 5 & 100 seats


VI


VII

Annexure – VI

Sewage Treatment Plants and Sewage Pumping Stations

STP

SPS – 1 (Zone – 1)


VIII

SPS – 2 (Zone – 2)


IX

Annexure-VIILayout Plan of STP of 3.5 mld capacity


X

Layout Plan of Main pumping station


XI

Layout Plan of Intermediate Subsidiary pumping station


XII

Annexure – VIIISoil Quality of Sahibganj

Soil Sample – S1


XIII

Soil Sample – S2


XIV

Soil Sample – S3


XV

Soil Sample – S 4


XVI

Annexure – IX

Water Quality of SahibganjWater Sample W-1


XVII


XVIII

Water Sample W-2


XIX


XX

Water Sample W-3


XXI


XXII

Water Sample W-4


XXIII


XXIV

Water Sample W-5


XXV


XXVI

Water Sample W-6


XXVII


XXVIII

Water Sample W-7


XXIX


XXX

Annexure – X

Air Quality Sampling Location 1


XXXI


XXXII


XXXIII


XXXIV



XXXV


XXXVI


XXXVII


XXXVIII



XXXIX


XL


XLI


XLII



XLIII


XLIV


XLV


XLVI

Annexure – XISampling Location : Neel Kothi Drain


XLVII

Sampling Location : Mahajan Toli Drain

Sampling Location : Kasim Bazar Drain


XLVIII

nga

Text Box

ANNEXURE - XII

nga

Text Box

XLIX

nga

Text Box

L

nga

Text Box

LI


LII

Annexure – XIIIDrain Sediment Quality Test Report

Sampling Location 1: Mahajan Toli Drain


LIII


LIV


LV

Sampling Location 2 : Neel Kothi Drain


LVI


LVII


LVIII

Sampling Location 3 : Kasim Bazar Drain


LIX


LX


LXI

Sampling Location 4 : Ferry Ghat Drain


LXII


LXIII

EESIA-EMP Report Sewerage and Related Schemes, Rajmahal

Annexure - XIV

S.NoSOR JKH Description nos L B H Qty Unit Rate Rs. Amount Rs.A SEPTIC TANK AND SOAKAGE PIT1 5.1.1 Earth work in excavation in Foundations Trenches etc., for

storage and sedimentation tanks, high level tanks, filter beds,clear water reservoirs, pump houses, sumps, screeningchambers and other similar works to full dimension and depth asshown on the drawings or as shall be required by Engineerin-charge, including dressing of bottom and sides of trenches,stacking the excavated soil clear from the excavation andsubsequent filling around Plinth/structures in 15 cms. layers withcompaction including Disposal of surplus spoils as Directedwithin a lead of 30 Metres. Not exceeding 1.5 m depth(I) All classes of soil except rocky

Septic Tank 1 9.55 3.30 2.50 78.79Soakage Pit (3.14/4x5.6x5.6x3.35) 2 3.35 164.94

243.73 cum 81.22 19,7952 5.3.4 Providing PCC-M-75 with nominal mix of1:4:8 in foundation with

appd. Quality of stone metal grade-111(50mmto25mm) ,cleancoarse sand comlete in all respect including all taxes ,royalitiesas per building specifications and as per directions of E/I

1 9.55 3.30 0.10 3.15 cum 3456.86 10,894

3 5.3.5.1 Providing RCC M-200 in foundation and plinth with approvedquality of stone chips and coarse sand including screening ,shutttering, mixing in mixture,placing in position, vibrating,stricking, curing comlete in all respect(excluding reinforcement)including all taxes ,royalities as per building specifications and asper directions of E/ISeptic Tank raft foundation 1 8.55 2.30 0.15 2.95Septic Tank Top slab 1 7.65 2.00 0.10 1.53Houdi Slab 1 1.46 1.46 0.10 0.21soakage pit slab (∏/4x4.6x4.6x0.10) 2 3.32

8.02 cum 6126.51 49,1044 DSR-2014-

4.2.2Providing and laying cement concrete in retaining walls, returnwalls,walls (any thickness) including attached pilasters, columns,piers,abutments, pillars, posts, struts, buttresses, string or lacingcourses,parapets, coping, bed blocks, anchor blocks, plainwindow sills, fillets,sunken floor,etc., up to floor five level,excluding the cost of centering,shuttering and finishing :

Long walls 2 7.65 0.15 2.55 5.85Short walls 2 2.00 0.15 2.55 1.53Baffle walls 1 2.00 0.15 1.55 0.47

7.85 cum 6954.3 54,5725 5.5.5 Providing tor steel reinforcement of dia. 8mm to 16mm as per

design and drawings excluding carriage to site,includingbending,binding,binding wires,placing in position complete in allrespect as directed by the E/I15.86 cum conc.@75kg/cum

15.86 1189.67 kg 63.54 75,595

6 19.19.1.3-DSR-14

Providing and fixing in position pre-cast R.C.C. manhole coverand Frame 450 mm internal dia

2 2.00 each 902.80 1,806

7 19.16-DSR-14

Providing orange colour safety foot rest of minimum 6 mm thick 10 10.00 each 311.60 3,116

8 5.2.3 Providing designation 75 A brick work in cement mortor 1:6 inF/P comlete in all respect including all taxes ,royalities as perbuilding specifications and as per directions of E/ISoakage Pit 2 13.50 0.23 3.55 22.05 cumBrick chamber inside soak pits 4 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.05 cumBrick houdi 4 0.90 0.23 1.00 0.83 cum

22.93 cum 3474.26 79,649Total Cost of Septic Tank & Soakage Pits ….A 294532

B TOILET BLOCK1 5.1.1 E/Work excavation in Foudation trenches in ordinary soil

complete as per approved design,building specificationn and asper direction of E/I

4 6.5 0.5 0.6 7.8

2 3.9 0.5 0.6 2.348 0.7 0.5 0.5 1.4

11.54 cum 81.22 9372 5.3.4 Providing PCC-M-75 with nominal mix of1:4:8 in foundation with

appd. Quality of stone metal grade-111(50mmto25mm) ,cleancoarse sand comlete in all respect including all taxes ,royalitiesas per building specifications and as per directions of E/I

4 6.5 0.5 0.15 1.95

2 3.9 0.5 0.15 0.5858 0.7 0.5 0.15 0.42

2.955 cum 3456.86 102153 5.2.3 Providing designation 75 A brick work in cement mortor 1:6 in

F/P comlete in all respect including all taxes ,royalities as perbuilding specifications and as per directions of E/I

4 6.25 0.35 0.23 2.01

4 6 0.23 0.23 1.272 3.9 0.35 0.23 0.632 4 0.23 0.23 0.428 0.9 0.23 0.23 0.388 1.2 0.125 0.23 0.28

DETAILED ESTIMATE FOR TEMPORARY TOILET FOR LABOUR AT SITE OF WORK

LXIV


S.NoSOR JKH Description nos L B H Qty Unit Rate Rs. Amount Rs.


4.99 cum 3474.26 17337

LXIV




4 5.3.16.1 25mm thick damp Proof course Of cement concrete1:1.5:3withapproved quality of stone chips of 20 mm to 6mm graded sizecomplete as per building specifications and directions of EI

4 6 0.23 0.4 2.208

2 4 0.23 0.4 0.7368 1.2 0.15 0.4 0.576

3.52 sqm 174.24 6135 5.2.11 Providing designation 75 A brick work in cement mortor 1:6 in

superstructure comlete in all respect including all taxes ,royalities

as per building specifications and as per directions of E/I

2 6 0.125 2.5 3.75

2 6 0.23 2.5 6.92 4.25 0.23 2.5 4.88758 1.2 0.125 2.5 3

-10 -0.75 -1.75 -13.125-2 -1 -1.75 -3.5

1.9125 cum 3546.16 67826 12.8

DSR-14Providing non-asbestos high impact Polypropylene reinforcedcement6 mm thick corrugated sheets (as per IS: 14871) roofingup to anypitch and fixing with polymer coated J, or L hooks, boltsand nuts 8mm dia. G.I. plain and bitumen washers or with selfdrilling fastenerand EPDM washers etc. complete (excluding thecost of purlins,rafters and trusses), including cutting sheets tosize and shapewherever required.

5.5 6.5 35.75 sqm 396.10 14161

7 5.3.9.1 Providing RCC M-200 in Roof slab with approved quality ofstone chips and coarse sand including screening , shutttering,mixing in mixture,placing in position,vibrating, stricking, curingcomlete in all respect (excluding reinforcement) including alltaxes , royalities as per building specifications and as perdirections of E/I

2 1.75 1.75 0.15 0.91875 cum 7605.18 6987

8 5.6.7 Providing 25mm thick first class patent stone flooring (1:2:4) withstone chips in two layers, bottom layer 19mm thick (1:2:4) with12mm to 6mm size graded stone chips and stone chips, inpanels including cost of curing finishing the surface smooth byrubbing with carborandum stone taxes and royalty with allcomplete as per building specification and direction of E/I

4 5.5 22

deduct 8 0.15 1 1.22 0.23 5.5 2.53

18.27 sqm 232.87 42559 5.7.12 12.5mm th. CP 1:4 with clean coarse sand including

screening,curing,lead,lifts,royality,all taxes complete in allrespects as per building specifications and as per directions ofE/I(Toilet Block)

4 6 2.5 604 4.25 2.5 42.5

16 1.2 2.5 48150.50 sqm 182.18 27418

10 DSR-14-7189

Supply of UPVC pipe 4.0 kg pressure including all taxes 1 50 50 m 135.00 6750

11 3.1.36-drinkingwater J-sor

Supplying labour and tools for laying jointing UPVC pipe as perspecifications and direction of Engineer In Charge (For wasterwater from WCs, WHBs & bthrooms to IC and from Ics to septictank & septic tank to Soakage pits)

1 50 50 m 23.64 1182

12 19.30.1DSR 14

Constructing brick masonry chamber for underground C.I.inspectionchamber and bends with 75 class designation bricks incementmortar 1:4 (1 cement : 4 coarse sand) C.I. cover withframe (lightduty) 455x610 mm internal dimensions, total weight ofcover withframe to be not less than 38 kg (weight of cover 23 kgand weight offrame 15 kg) R.C.C. top slab with 1:2:4 mix (1cement :2 coarsesand : 4 graded stone aggregate 20 mmnominal size) foundationconcrete 1:5:10 (1 cement : 5 fine sand :10 graded stone aggregate40 mm nominal size), insideplastering 12 mm thick with cementmortar 1:3 (1 cement : 3coarse sand) finished smooth with a floatingcoat of neat cementon walls and bed concrete etc. complete as perstandard design :

4 each 4692.05 18,768

13 NS Providing and filling brick aggregates 20 mm to 40 mm sizeinside soak pits (3.14/4x4x4x3.65)

1 45.84 cum 850.00 38,967

14 DSR-14-17.13.1

Providing and fixing white vitreous china water closet squattingpan (Indian type) :Long pattern W.C. pan of size 580 mm

8 each 1022.00 8,176

15 NS Providing and fixing PVC P/S-traps for WCs&floor traps 100 mmdia

10 10.00 each 150.00 1,500

16 DSR-14-17.17.1

Providing and fixing a pair of white vitreous china foot rests ofstandard pattern for squatting pan water closet :250x130x30 mm

8 pair 163.16 1,305

17 DSR-14-17.25.1

Providing and fixing white vitreous china wash basin includingmaking all connections but excluding the cost of fittings :Flatback wash basin of size 630x450 mm

2 each 973.00 1946

18 DSR-14-17.69.1

Providing and fixing PTMT Waste Coupling for wash basin andsink,of approved quality and colour.

2 each 113.95 228

19 DSR-1417.70.1

Providing and fixing PTMT Bottle Trap for Wash basin and sink. 2 each 494.90 990

LXIV




20 DSR-14-18.48

Providing and placing on terrace (at all floor levels)polyethylenewater storage tank ISI : 12701 marked with coverand suitablelocking arrangement and making necessary holes forinlet, outletand overflow pipes but without fittings and the basesupport for tank (1000 lts capacity)

2 500.00 ltrs 7.25 7250

21 DSR-14-18.54.1

Providing and fixing PTMT bib cock of approved quality andcolour 15mm nominal bore, 86 mm long, weighing not lessthan88 gms

4 each 156.05 624

22 DSR-14-18.55.1

Providing and fixing PTMT stop cock of approved quality andcolour. 15 mm nominal bore, 86 mm long, weighing not lessthan88 gms

2 each 156.05 312

23 DSR-14-18.56.1

Providing and fixing PTMT pillar cock of approved quality andcolour . 15 mm nominal bore, 107 mm long, weighing notlessthan 110 gms

2 each 228.70 457

24 DSR-14-18.58.1.1

Providing and fixing PTMT grating of approved quality andcolour. Circular type,100mm dia

6 each 49.25 296

25 DSR-14-10.5.1

Providing and fixing 1mm thick M.S. sheet door with frame of40x40x6all necessary fittings complete, including applying apriming coat ofapproved steel primer. Using M.S. angels40x40x6 mm for diagonal braces mm angle iron and 3 mm M.S.gusset plates at the junctions and corners,

10 0.75 2.10 15.75 sqm 3073.85 48413

26 3.1.36-drinkingwater J-sor

110/100 mm dia. 1 50.00 m 23.64 1182

27 DSR-1418.10.1

Providing and fixing G.I. pipes complete with G.I. fittings andclamps,including cutting and making good the walls etc. 15 mmdia. nominal bore

1 25 25 mtrs 215.1 5378

Total Cost of Toilet Block ….B 232429TOTAL COST OF TOILET BLOCK WITH SEPTIC TANK ANDSOAKAGE PITS (A+B)

526961

SAY Rs. in Lakh 5.27

LXIV

Figure shows Toilet Block Drawing for 100 Users

Figure shows Septic Tank for 100 Users Toilet Block

Figure shows Soak Pit


LXV

Annexure XV

REUSE OF TREATED WASTEWATER AREAS


LXVI

Annexure XVI: QuestionnaireDate: / / 2014

Name of the project:Executing agency:Name of the interviewer:Objective: Environmental and social Impact Assessment.Name of the Interviewee: __________ Age: Sex:Name of Municipality:State:______________District:______________Place: ______________

1. Are you aware about the project to be implemented under Mission Clean Ganga?

2. Do you think it is necessary to have this kind of project?

3. Do you have idea of present Sanitation/pollution conditions around you ?

4. Do you have household connection?

5. Do you want your toilet to be connected to sewer line?

6. Occurrence of any water borne and vector borne diseases prevailing in the area?

7. What do you think will be the consequences of the construction in this project on the

following: (classify as short term and long term impacts)

a. Traffic?b. Parking?c. Aesthetic value of neighbourhood / environment sanitation?d. Health?e. Access to river?f. Noise?g. Pollution? Dust, air quality, leakages, blockages?h. Smell/flies, etc.?i. Disruption in Basic services? Drinking water pipes, electricity poles, etc.?


LXVII

j. Livelihood? (temporary or permanent)l. Daily Life?m. Impact due to worker's camp (unsanitary conditions there, safety concerns, etc.)n. Other?

5. What do you think will be the consequences of this project, post completion?

a. Pollution reduction?b. Better Sanitation?c. Reduction in Smell/flies, etc.?d. Access to river?e. Livelihood?f. Family?g. Daily Life?h. Other?

6. Are you aware of similar projects in your area / neighborhood? If yes pl mention

the details.

7. How are you coping up with these difficulties in similar projects? or any suggestion

a. Traffic blockages?b. Parking?c. Aesthetic value of neighborhood?d. Health?e. Access to river ?f. Noise?g. Pollution? Dust, air quality, leakages?h. Smell/flies, etc.?i. Basic services? Drinking water pipes, electricity poles, etc.j. Livelihood? (Temporary/permanent)l. Daily Life?m. Impact of worker's camp? (unsanitary conditions there, safety concerns, etc.)n. Other?

8. What are your suggestions on improving the project construction/operation phase?

9. Are you aware of what will happen in the absence of the project?


LXVIII

10. Do you think that this project will help in improving the Sanitation status of the city?

11. Do you perceive any conflicts during implementation/construction of the project? (get

details)

12. Do you think this project will help in improving Ganga river quality?

13. Do you believe that the State authority will implement the project in a timely and efficient

manner?

14. In case of any grievance, what should be redressal mechanism?

15. Perceived cultural issues / security threats (due to labour migration) against similar

projects in your area in the past?

16. Are you willing to cope with the temporary disruptions/disturbances during the

construction/operational phase? (prompt and get reason for willingness to cope, if

answer is yes/no)

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ESIA-EMP Report��Sewerage and Related Schemes, Rajmahal

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Annexure - XVII

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LXIX

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Page 2 of 2 -

ESIA-EMP Report��Sewerage and Related Schemes, Rajmahal

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LXX

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ANNEXURE - XVIII

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LXXI

WAPCOS LIMITED(A Government of India Undertaking)

76 C, Sector 18, Gurgaon - 122015, Haryana, INDIAWebsite: www.wapcos.gov.in

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