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Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Hannah Burris Karen He Heather Min http://news.bbc.co.uk/nol/shared/spl/hi/health/03/travel_health/diseases/img/sars.jpg Slide 2 What is SARS? It is a severe viral pneumonia. It is caused by a coronavirus (SARS-CoV). Over the 2003 outbreak, 8,098 people were infected by SARS and 774 people died from it. http://www.wadsworth.org/images/virology/SARS.jpg Slide 3 The Emergence of SARS First emerged at Guangdong in November 2002. SARS was formed from many agents. Reached Hong Kong in February 2003. By February 11, 2003, China had three-hundred cases and five deaths from SARS. -Became a global threat by March 2003. http://nabc.ksu.edu/images/uploads/sars.jpg Slide 4 Properties of the SARS-CoV Incubation period=two to seven days Chance of transmission is greatest around the tenth day. Began with bats. SARS jumped to humans by the Civet cats http://msnbcmedia4.msn.com/j/msnbc/Components/Photos/2006/April/060417/060418_civet_vmed_9a.widec.jpg Slide 5 How SARS Spreads Person to person contact Bodily fluids Respiratory droplets Touching things that were already contaminated http://www.sachsreport.com/SARS%2520may%2520be%2520spread%2520by%2520sweat.jpg Slide 6 Symptoms High fever Headache Myalgia Dry cough Chills Fatigue Dizziness Pneumonia http://www.nti.org/images/e3_84_01.jpg Slide 7 Diagnosis Doctor Questionnaire Travel Workplace Direct contact with infected individuals Chest x-rays: used to find atypical pneumonia or respiratory distress syndrome http://www.brown.edu/Courses/Bio_160/Projects2004/sars/chestxray.gif Slide 8 Super-Spreader Events Metropole Hotel Prince of Wales Hospital Amoy Gardens Apartment Complex http://images.our-hotels.com/countries/hong-kong/kowloon/hotels/metropark/metropark-hotel-m.jpg http://ihome.cuhk.edu.hk/~b113406/images/PWH.jpg http://newsimg.bbc.co.uk/media/images/39031000/jpg/_39031645_amy-cred203.jpg Slide 9 Cumulative Numbers of SARS Cases in Canada, China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan Slide 10 Cumulative Numbers of SARS Cases in the Philippines, Singapore, Vietnam, and the United States Slide 11 Based on the data from December 2003, about 9.6% of SARS cases result in death. Cumulative Numbers of SARS Cases and Deaths Worldwide Slide 12 Treatment No specific cure available A combination of steroids and interferons Oral ribavirin http://cache.viewimages.com/xc/1951127.jpg?v=1&c=ViewImages&k=2&d=17A4AD9FDB9CF1939057D9939C83F1063C373E1278816F435A5397277B4DC33E Slide 13 Board Game Slide 14 References Anderson, Roy M., Fraser, Christophe, Ghani, Azra C., Donnelly, Christi A., Riley, Steven, Ferguson, Neil M., Leung, Gabriel M., Lam, T. H., and Hedley, Anthony J. (2004) Epidemiology, transmission dynamics and control of SARS: the 2002-2003 epidemic. The Royal Society, June 15 th. Gallaher, Stephanie (2005) SARS: What We Have Learned So Far. Dimensions of Critical Care Nursing, Vol. 24, No. 2, 55-56. Hui, PK, Lin, Lin, Yang, Zhimin, Chan, MH, Poon, Kelvin, Bo, Lu Yu, Wong, V, Ko, WM and Yip, WC (2003) Traditional Chinese medicine in the management of patients with SARS in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region a case- control study of 24 patients. Report C, 183-191. Lau, Joseph T.F., Tsui, Hiyi, Lau, Mason, and Yang, Xilin (2004) SARS Transmission, Risk Factors, and Prevention in Hong Kong. Emerging Infectious Disease, Vol. 10, No. 4. Sande, Merle A., & Allan R. Ronald (2004) Update in Infectious Disease. Annals of Internal Medicine, Vol. 140, No.4, 290-296. Tomlinson, Brian & Cockram, Clive (2003) SARS: experience at Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong. The Lancet, Vol. 361. Tsui, Ping Tim, Kwok, Man Leung, Yuen, Hon, and Lai, Sik To (2003) Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome: Clinical Outcome and Prognostic Correlates. Emerging Infectious Disease, Vol. 9, No. 9. Wang, Jann-Tay, Sheng Wang-Huei, Fang, Chi-Tai, Chen, Yee-Chun, Wang, Jiun-Ling, Yu, Chong-Jen, Chang, Shan- Chwen, and Yang, Pan-Chyr (2004) Clinical Manifestations, Laboratory Findings, and Treatment Outcomes of SARS Patients. Emerging Infectious Disease, Vol. 10, No. 5. Wong, Raymond S.M. & Hui, David S. (2004) Index Patient and SARS Outbreak in Hong Kong. Emerging Infectious Disease, Vol. 10, No. 2. Yang, Gee-Gwo, Lin, Shinn-Zont, Liao, Kuang-Wen, Lee, Jen-Jyh, and Wang, Lih-Shinn (2004) SARS-associated Coronavirus Infection in Teenagers. Emerging Infectious Disease, Vol. 10, No. 2. CDC: - Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/sars/index.htm http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/sars/index.htm China: WHO: Full Recovery of SARS Averages 85 Percent http://www.china.org.cn/english/features/sars/67356.htm http://www.china.org.cn/english/features/sars/67356.htm Medical News Today: First Effective Treatment for SARS http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/5015.php http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/5015.php MedlinePlus: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/severeacuterespiratorysyndrome.html http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/severeacuterespiratorysyndrome.html WHO: Cumulative Number of Reported Probable Cases of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) http://www.who.int/csr/sars/country/en/index.html http://www.who.int/csr/sars/country/en/index.html Virology Online: SARS Virus, SARS Infection, SARS Virus Infection http://virology-online.com/viruses/sars.htm http://virology-online.com/viruses/sars.htm