Next Generation

Luminaires

What NGL Tells Us About the State

of the Art in LED LuminairesMarch 19, 2014

Craig Bernecker, PhD, FIESNA, LC; The

Lighting Education Institute

Ruth Taylor, IES; Pacific Northwest

National Laboratory

Dan Blitzer, LC; The Practical Lighting

Workshop

Competition Partners

International Association of Lighting Designers IALD

Partnerships to link energy efficiency & lighting quality

What We’ll Cover Today

• Why NGL?

• How NGL works

• What you can learn from what we have done

• What we have seen in the last 5 years

• What the entries and winners have shown us

• How NGL can help in the future

Why NGL?

What Designers/Specifiers need to know.

• Does it perform as expected for the intended location

or function?

• Is it bright enough?

• Is the color right?

• How easy or difficult was installation?

• Is it serviceable?

• How will it perform over time?

What Makes NGL Different?

• Inclusive rather than exclusive

• Performance evaluation with extensive

documentation

– More time and resources than most

designers can afford

• Judged in characteristic applications

and “hands on”

• Diverse, professional judging panel

How NGL Works

Judging is the Key

• Approach

• Criteria

• Installations

• Evaluations

• Selecting Winners

Judging Approach

• Organized by application

• Product Evaluation

• Installed and lighted

• Table top (2nd fixture)

• Documentation

• Process

• Independent judgment

• Preliminary scoring

• Discussion and decision

• Post judging analysis &

verification

Judging Criteria

In-person evaluation:

• Color

• Illuminance

• Light distribution

• Glare control

• Serviceability

• Value

• Aesthetic appearance

• Bonus (flexibility, innovation,

dimming)

Documentation analysis:

• Luminaire Efficacy

• Lumen maintenance

Outdoor Criteria –

Application Templates

Pole spacing 120’Light Loss Factor

0.88 * lumen maintenance (LLD) at

25,000 hoursMaintained minimum horizontal illuminance

0.2 fc (basic) or 0.5 fc (enhanced security)

Max/min uniformity

20(basic) or 15 (enhanced)

Maintained minimum vertical illuminance

0.1 fc (basic) or 0.25 fc (enhanced security)

Pole spacing 150’Light Loss Factor

0.88 * lumen maintenance (LLD) at

25,000 hours

Street Criteria See RP-8-00, Table 3Average luminance (maintained)

0.5 cd/m2

Avg/min uniformity

6.0

Max/min uniformity

10.0

Veiling luminance ratio

0.4

Sidewalk Criteria

See RP-8-00, Table 7

Average Horizontal Illuminance (EHave)

4.0 lux

Minimum Vertical Illuminance (EVmin) at 4.9 ft above sidewalk

1.0 lux

EHave/ EHmin 4.0

Allows ‘Apples to

Apples’ Comparison

Scoring

• Each category is evaluated in terms of the application

for which the product is intended.

– 0 = Not acceptable

– 1 = Acceptable

– 2 = Good

– 3 = Very good

– 4 = Outstanding

Products scoring a „0‟ in categories 1-7 are suspect for “specifiability”.

Pre-scored Criteria –

Efficacy & Lumen Maintenance

Efficacy Scoring Rationale

• Below requirement: 0

• At requirement to +10%: 1

• +11% to +40%: 2

• +41% to +75% 3

• Over +75% 4

Lumen Maintenance Scoring Rationale

• Meets minimum 70% LM at 50,000 hours 0

• 70% < LM < 80% 1

• 80% < LM < 88% 2

• 85% < LM < 90% 3

• LM > 95% 4

Selecting Winners

• Recognized means „suitable for specification‟

• Best in Class must stand out overall and in category

– Relatively few products meet this dual standard

Learn From What We Have Done

• Install samples in intended applications

• Take things apart

• Review documentation

– Get the facts

– Check the facts

– Know what you‟re looking at and why

Outdoor Judging Setup

17

Indoor Judging Setup

Seeing is Believing

Take Things Apart

• How much time to install?

• What can be replaced?

• Can it be serviced?

Outdoor Installations –

Time is the Key

Controls – What a Mess!

Documentation –

What You Need to Know

• Will it perform as claimed?

• Will it perform as expected for its intended us?

• Will it perform as claimed/expected over time?

• Will it dim as claimed/expected?

• Will contractors have issues with installation?

• Will it have color consistency issues across products and

over time?

• At end-of-life, will it be disposed of in a responsible

manner?

• How does its performance compare with other products

What NGL Requires

General

• Luminaire specification sheet

• Product photos/marketing materials

LED Lighting Facts documentation

• LM-79 test report (including sphere data)

• LM-80 test report on LED package/module/array

• LED package/module/array specification sheet

• ISTMT on submitted model

• ENERGY STAR TM-21 Calculation

Other

• Installation/serviceability statement

• Driver specification sheet/dimming interface spec sheet

• Product warranty/end-of-life statement

Understanding Lumen

Maintenance Projections

• Lumen maintenance % is not a lifetime metric

• It is % light output after a specified time vs. initial output

• Measures source only - in thermal environment of

luminaire

• In contrast, lifetime metric includes all system

components (electronics, optics, thermal management,

housing etc.)

• No industry standard for lifetime is yet available

SSL Testing Methods

Luminaire

Electronics

LED packages

Thermal Management

LM-82

LM-79

AC LEDs WG

TM-28

TM-26

Waveform WG

Remote Phosphor WG

LED Reliability WG

LM-84

LM-85 LM-80 TM-21

Optics/Phosphors

Color Stability WG

• Approved method describing procedures and precautions in performing reproducible measurements of LEDs:

– Integrating Sphere

– Goniophotometer

IES LM-79-08: Electrical and Photometric

Measurements of Solid-State Lighting Products

Understanding LM-79

Integrating

Sphere

Goniophotometer

LM-79 Scope

• Applies to LED-based products incorporating control electronics and heat sinks:– Products requiring only line voltage or DC power supply

– Includes complete LED luminaires and

– Integrated LED sources (LED chips with heat sinks)

• Does not cover – LED products requiring external operating circuits or heat

sinks (bare LED chips, pkgs, and modules)

– Fixtures designed for LED products but sold without a light source

Integrating Sphere

Photometric Report

• Total Luminous Flux

• Spectral Power

Distribution

• Chromaticity

Coordinates

• CCT

• CRI

Goniophotometry

• Luminous Intensity

Distribution

• Total Luminous Flux

• Zonal Lumen Sums

• IES Format File (LM-63)

LM-80 Documents

Understanding ISTMT

Understanding ISTMT

TM-21 Calculations

Drive current of chip for luminaire ISTMT must be less than drive current of chip for LM80 test.

TM-21 Calculations

Enter highest measured LED temp from ISTMT.

Enter projected hours and read resulting lumen maintenance.

TM-21 Calculations

Enter LM-80 data from chip manufacturer

2014 Standards Workshop Update

Held March 17-18, 2014 – Destin, FL

Working groups formed to create:

• Educational guide on using SSL standards and testing

reports

• Electronic file format for testing data

• Testing method for color tuning products

What We’ve Seen

Lots of Products

2013 All

Intents 258 1377

Judged 167 726

% of intents judged 65% 53%

Awards 59 257

% of judged awarded 35% 35%

Former Winners –

Where are They Now?

YearCompany

Exists?

% Companies

Exist

Model Exists?

% Models Exist

Model has higher

efficacy?

% With Higher Efficacy

AWARDED Products

Total

2008 21 100% 19 90% 13 62% 21

2009 43 93% 38 83% 22 48% 46

2010 39 93% 36 86% 20 48% 42

Indoor Category Trends

High energy impact categories

• Troffers

• Downlights

• Linear Pendants

Low energy impact categories

• Accent

• Decorative

• Wall

Percent of Entries and Winners

Example Category Progression

Downlights Year

Efficacy Requirement

(lm/W)

Avg. Efficacy Winners(lm/W

) # 0f Winners2008 35 51 62009 35 54 62010 35 49 92012 45 56 8

2013 50 NA 0Accent

2008 no min 29 62009 35 38 52010 35 40 11

2012 35 52 92013 40 59 7

General Illumination2008 no min 72 12009 35 52 4

2010 35 48 2(troffers show up) 2012 60 87 12

2013 80 93 1

Efficacy Trends

Outdoor

Products

Indoor

Products

Efficacy Trends

2008 49.5 lm/W

2009 59.4 lm/W

2010 53.5 lm/W

2012 74.8 lm/W

2013 87.2 lm/W

High Energy Impact

Categories:

• Downlights

• Troffers

• Street/area luminaires

CRI Trends

What NGL Has Shown Us

Speaking Up Does Make a Difference

• Documentation – what we need and why

• Serviceability – it will need to be serviced EVENTUALLY

• End of Life Policies – they do matter

• Color matching across products – certain applications

demand it

• Color shift – does anyone know?

• GLARE GLARE GLARE

Interesting Approaches Are Possible

Glare vs. Efficacy –

the Battle Continues

• Efficacies continue to increase

• Most frequent negative judging comment is typically

related to glare

Seeing What’s

on the Horizon

• 2012 – Troffers - we‟ve arrived! (8 recognized products)

• 2013 - Downlights - ho-hum (0 recognized)

• 2013 - Color tuning products, on the horizon

Using NGL Materials

www.ngldc.org

Notes from the

judges are key.

2013 Winners

Outdoor (December 2013)

• 26 awarded products of 68 judged

• 6 Best in Class

Indoor (March 2013)

• 33 awarded products of 99 judged

• 3 Best in Class

2014 Indoor Competition Opens March 31st.

2013 Indoor Best in Class

"XLE-3-10 Xpress"

by Digital Lumens

"Trac-Master T254L

Cylindra" by Juno

Lighting Group

"W Series LED" by Acuity

Brands/Lithonia Lighting

2013 Outdoor Best in Class

‘PL2 Series Bollard’

by Juno Lighting

Group

‘NXT-S’™

by LED Roadway

Lighting‘Finia’ by Juno Lighting Group

‘McGraw-Edison Top Tier’™

by Cooper Lighting by Eaton

‘CPY250’ by Cree

‘LP ICON LED’

by Louis Poulsen Lighting

Thanks

Questions?

Craig Bernecker craig.bernecker@gmail.com

Ruth Taylor ruth.taylor@pnnl.gov

Dan Blitzer dlblitzer@aol.com