Session 6 Therap Adv Rxns Recovery K9 Osteo
Transcript of Session 6 Therap Adv Rxns Recovery K9 Osteo
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Therapeutic Nutrition II
Adverse Reactions to FoodAcute Care/RecoveryCanine Osteoarthritis
Image Source: www.vet.ed.ac.uk/vclins/research/images/dog.jpg
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Adverse Reactions to Food
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Adverse Reactions to FoodHow adverse reactions to food manifest:
A. Dermatitis Pyoderma Otitis Dermatitis
B. Gastroenteritis1. Vomiting2. Diarrhea
FOODALLERGY
FOODINTOLERANCE
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What are the Culprits?
Chicken, Chicken eggSoy, Lamb
25%
Other7%
Beef, Dairy,Wheat68%
Beef, Dairy,Fish 89%
Other11%
DOGS
CATS
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What are the Culprits?
Glycoproteins withMolecular weight of
10,000 – 60,000 Daltons
Source: Hill’s Pet Nutrition, Inc.
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Protein Size Matters
Intact Protein
Denatured Protein
Hydrolyzed Protein
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Protein Size MattersIntact Proteins 10,000 – 60,000 can cause
release of histamine
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Protein Size MattersHistamine release causes allergic symptoms
ALLERGYSIGNS!
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Protein Size MattersHydrolyzed protein molecules are too small to
trigger a reaction
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Adverse Reaction Goals1. Identify the allergen2. Avoid the allergen
FOOD ELIMINATIONTEST IS MOST
ACCURATE FOR FOOD ALLERGY TESTING
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Adverse Reaction KNFsProvide a:
Novel protein source orHydrolyzed protein source
Highly digestible proteinLimited number of protein sources
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What Novel Proteins Are Available?Protein Source Available?
Lamb
Kangaroo
Chicken
Alligator
Duck
Whitefish
Opossum
Venison
Rabbit
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What Novel Proteins Are Available?Protein Source Available?
Lamb Kangaroo Chicken Alligator X
Duck Whitefish Opossum Aussie dog food
Venison Rabbit
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Adverse Reaction ProductsLA Limited Antigen®
HA Hypoallergenic® Gentle Snackers®
Skin and Coat Response FP Skin and Coat Response Response LB
Skin and Coat Response Response KO
Prescription Diet® d/d
Prescription Diet® z/d Low Allergen
Prescription Diet® z/d ULTRA
Hypoallergenic HP 19Novel sources: potato, rabbit, venison, whitefish, vegetarian
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Recovery Care
Acute CareIntermediate Care
Critical Care
Source: Hill’s Pet Nutrition, Inc.
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Recovery Care
“They’ll eat when they feel better.”
Or
“They’ll feel better when they eat.”
NONO
YESYES
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Recovery CareAnorexia – lack or loss of appetite
Hypermetabolism – increased need for energy and nutrients caused by disease or recovery process
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Recovery CareEnteral feeding – use of the alimentary tract (mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine)
Parenteral feeding – routes other than alimentary tract; ex: I/V, I/P
TPN – all nutrients parenteral
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Recovery CareIndications for assisted feeding
Mechanical dysfunctionAnorexiaIncreased energy requirementIncreased nutrient requirement
Assisted feeding probably should occur within 24 hours
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Recovery CareBenefits of assisted feeding
Prevent dehydrationEnhance wound healingDecrease recovery timePrevent muscle and weight lossCounteract immunosuppressive effects
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Recovery CareAssess:
1. History2. Weight/BCS3. Calculate needs4. Monitor intake5. Monitor weight
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What is your favorite food to encourage a pet to eat?
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Baby Foods
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Recovery Care - Goals•Formula conducive to enteral feeding•Water•Increased B vitamins, electrolytes
•High energy density•Relatively high protein
•Omega 3 Fatty acids•Arginine, glutamine,
carnitine
Provide Nutrients
Energy Dense Formula
Support Organ Function
Support Immune Function
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KNF Comparison: Recovery Care Products
Purina CV Feline
Iam’s Stress/Weight Gain Max Cal
Prescription Diet a/d
Energy Density
223 kcals/can 333 kcals/can 180 kcals/can
Protein 42.53% Min. 14% 44.3%
Glutamine n/a n/a 7.23%
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Recovery ProductsCV CardioVascular® Feline
Stress/Weight Gain Maximum Calorie Canine and Feline Canned Formula
Prescription Diet® a/d
Recovery RS
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Canine Osteoarthritis
Arthritis:: Inflammation of a joint
Osteoarthritis: disease of joint cartilage, associated with secondary changes in the underlying bone
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“Lance” 6 yrs old, Golden Retriever, M(i)
100# BCS 5/5 “Lucy” 1 yr old, Great Dane, F(n)
103# BCS 3/5
What Arthritis Risk Factors Do These Dogs Have?
Thanks Sara!
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Arthritis Risk FactorsBreed SizeGenetic predispositionTraumaObesity
Johnston SA. Vet Clin N Amer 1997
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Joint Structure & Function
From White GW. DVM Best Practices, Nov 2003
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Joint Structure & Function
CoreProtein
Hyaluronan
Linkprotein
Others Keratan Chondroitin sulfates sulfates
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)
Aggrecan
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Joint Structure & Function
Aggrecanases
Proteinases responsible for Proteinases responsible for degradation of aggrecan, resulting degradation of aggrecan, resulting in GAG releasein GAG release
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Joint Structure & Function
Linkprotein
Aggrecanases cause GAGs to break off
CoreProtein
Others Keratan Chondroitin sulfates sulfates
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)
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Managing Canine Osteoarthritis
Structural &Functional Failure
Physical Stress• DOD• Weight• Trauma
InflammationRednessHeatSwelling Pain
DegradationAggrecanases
MatrixDamage
ChondrocyteDamage
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Managing Canine Osteoarthritis
Structural &Functional Failure
Physical Stress• DOD• Weight• Trauma
Inflammation
Degradation
MatrixDamage
ChondrocyteDamage
MedicationsOmega-3 FA
X
XOmega-3 FA
Chondroprotectives
X
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Canine Osteoarthritis Goals
Manage predisposing factorsReduce pain, inflammationImprove joint function and mobility
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Canine Osteoarthritis KNFHigh levels of Eicosapentaenoic Acid
(EPA)Omega-3 fatty acid that is biologically
active in dog cartilage; selectively stored
Stops degradation, decreases inflammation
Added Glucosamine & Chondroitin Sulfate
High levels of Carnitine
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Osteoarthritis ProductsJM Joint Mobility™
Joint/Canine Dry
Prescription Diet® j/d
Mobility Support JS 21