Session 5 leveraging philanthropic investment-advocacy and policy change autumn 2014-2015
-
Upload
jcs-international -
Category
Documents
-
view
77 -
download
1
Transcript of Session 5 leveraging philanthropic investment-advocacy and policy change autumn 2014-2015
1
Leveraging Philanthropic Investment:Advocacy & Policy Change
Sciences Po – Economics & Business
Judith Symonds ([email protected])
Autumn Semester 2014/2015
New Philanthropy & Social Investing
New Philanthropy & Social InvestingOEBU 2080A – Autumn Semester 2014/2015
Leveraging Philanthropic Investment: Advocacy & Policy Change
Session Format
–Outlines for Final Paper – Missing Submissions–14:50 – Lobbying and Policy Change–15:50 – Spontaneous Assignment, “The Elusive Craft of Evaluating Lobbying?”
• Myriam Malki• Jerome Morvan
–16: 05 – Group 4: Clinton Foundation – Health initiative
2
New Philanthropy & Social InvestingOEBU 2080A – Autumn Semester 2014/2015
• Why Advocacy & Philanthropy
– To leverage philanthropic investment
– To bring about systemic change
“In the funding community, if you want systematic change, the way to get it is through advocacy…Direct services solve the immediate problem, but systematic change is created through public policy” 3
3
Leveraging Philanthropic Investment: Advocacy & Policy Change
New Philanthropy & Social InvestingOEBU 2080A – Autumn Semester 2014/2015
• What is Advocacy?
– Advancing an idea– Advancing a position– Leveraging value– Catalyzing Change– Enriching the debate
• When is it lobbying?– Direct lobbying– Indirect lobbying
• What is the Problem? U.S. Foundations –example
– 12% of $30 billion goes for Public Affairs/Society Benefit vs. 25% Education Sector
– Charitable organizations spend 2% on advocacy &lobbying - 16
– Europe % of philanthropy for advocacy is relatively low
– Foundations tend to define their role in relation to the state.
– Changing as the role of the state and philanthropy become strategic
4
Leveraging Philanthropic Investment: Advocacy & Policy ChangeWhat is advocacy?
New Philanthropy & Social InvestingOEBU 2080A – Autumn Semester 2014/2015
• Making the Case – Research & Policy Development: setting the policy agenda
• Constituency capacity building, organizing and mobilizing
• Grassroots mobilising• Forming and sustaining coalitions: making current
advocates more effective• Using media, monitoring, evaluating, and communicating
progress• Litigation (National, EU & Int’l courts)• Direct approach to policy makers – within legal
limitations (Lobbying)
5
Leveraging Philanthropic Investment: Advocacy & Policy ChangeHow do you advocate?
New Philanthropy & Social InvestingOEBU 2080A – Autumn Semester 2014/2015
• Policy advocacy is a process that requires a long-term strategy
• Every advocacy effort requires insiders and outsiders• You don’t have to be there, but you have to be there
(Washington, Brussels, etc)• You can buy access (paid lobbyists)• What is required to play, is to play* At the Crossroads: A Study of Federal HIV/AIDS Advocacy, Derek Hodel, The Ford Foundation , May
2004
6
Leveraging Philanthropic Investment: Advocacy & Policy ChangeHow do you advocate?
New Philanthropy & Social InvestingOEBU 2080A – Autumn Semester 2014/2015
Challenges & Risks
Evaluation & Impact Assessment
The Role of Funders in Advocacy
7
Leveraging Philanthropic Investment: Advocacy & Policy Change
New Philanthropy & Social InvestingOEBU 2080A – Autumn Semester 2014/2015 8
Engagement in Policy Change
Country
Active Involvement Denmark, Hungary, Poland United States
Moderate Involvement
Belgium, Czech Republic, Estonia, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Switzerland, UK
Less, not at all Austria, Finland, France, Italy, Norway, Sweden
*Macdonald, Norine, de Borms, Luc Tayart, « Philanthropy in Europe: A Rich Past, A Promising Future, » Alliance Publishing, 2008.
Leveraging Philanthropic Investment: Advocacy & Policy ChangeEuropean and US Foundation policy change*
New Philanthropy & Social InvestingOEBU 2080A – Autumn Semester 2014/2015 9
ADVOCACY APPROACHES
PHILANTHROPY POLICY
PUBLIC POLICY: ISSUES
PUBLIC POLICY: IDENTITY-BASED
Leveraging Philanthropic Investment: Advocacy & Policy ChangeAdvocacy approaches
New Philanthropy & Social InvestingOEBU 2080A – Autumn Semester 2014/2015 10
PUBLIC POLICY: IDENTITY AND ISSUES - BASED
FUNDING NETWORKS & AFFINITY GROUPS
Example: Funders Concerned About Aids:“to mobilize and motivate effective funder responses
To HIV/AIDS worldwide” Ford FoundationExamples: Climate Change, Child Protection, ONE
Leveraging Philanthropic Investment: Advocacy & Policy ChangeNetworks and Affinity groups
New Philanthropy & Social InvestingOEBU 2080A – Autumn Semester 2014/2015 11
Case Studies
Leveraging Philanthropic Investment: Advocacy & Policy ChangeHow do you advocate?
New Philanthropy & Social InvestingOEBU 2080A – Autumn Semester 2014/2015
Funders –
Objectives
Recipient
Results:
* Foundation Center, 2009
US Foundations
Significantly increase engagement and funding to fight Climate Change
Comprehensive range of grants – 25% for policy change
Doubled in numbers and increased from $ 100 million - $ 850 million from 2001 - 2008
12
Leveraging Philanthropic Investment: Advocacy & Policy ChangeClimate Change
New Philanthropy & Social InvestingOEBU 2080A – Autumn Semester 2014/2015
Grantmaking for Community Impact Project
– $ 231 million from foundations and other donors produced $ 26.6 billion in benefit for taxpayers and communities in 13 states
– Every dollar grantmakers invest in policy and civic engagement provided a return of $115 in community benefit.
– Hundreds of policies affected for: additional government spending, and/or savings, making programmes more efficient
– 700,000 people in 13 states – given a voice– 321 grant makers
• Full series of studies: http://www.ncrp.org/campaigns-research-policy/communities/gcip
13
Leveraging Philanthropic Investment: Advocacy & Policy ChangeROI of $ 115 - 1
New Philanthropy & Social InvestingOEBU 2080A – Autumn Semester 2014/2015
Grantmaking for Community Impact Project
– $ 231 million from foundations and other donors produced $ 26.6 billion in benefit for taxpayers and communities in 13 state
– Focus on the most marginalised and underserved groups: children and youth, low- wage earners, families living in poverty, people with disabilities, people of colour
– 3 most effective policy campaigns: • Raising minimum state or local wages• Increased funding for public schools and pre-kindergarten• Catalyzing affordable housing development
• Full series of studies: http://www.ncrp.org/campaigns-research-policy/communities/gcip
14
Leveraging Philanthropic Investment: Advocacy & Policy ChangeROI of $ 115 - 1
New Philanthropy & Social InvestingOEBU 2080A – Autumn Semester 2014/2015
• Objective: Transform the U.S. Policy Landscape to Reflect Conservative & Neo-Conservative Values
• Long – term investment in ideas and the policy landscape:– Cato Institute– American Enterprise Institute – Heritage Foundation– Manhattan Institute
• Parallel Support of “Like-minded” Political Candidates• Result: A New Political Landscape with trillions of dollars• Philanthropists cost: $70 million / year (est.)
15
Philanthropy, Advocacy and Policy ChangeCase Study – U.S. Conservative Revolution
New Philanthropy & Social InvestingOEBU 2080A – Autumn Semester 2014/2015
Political & Social Context in Ireland in the 90s
– Economic Boom– Highly qualified workforce, but neglected research– Issues as Perceived by Atlantic Philanthropies
• Deficit of strategic management of higher education• Disjointed university system• “less than satisfactory performance by university
sector”
16
Philanthropy, Advocacy and Policy ChangeHigher Education in Ireland & Atlantic Philanthropies
New Philanthropy & Social InvestingOEBU 2080A – Autumn Semester 2014/2015
Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation
Malaria Advocacy Campaign
17
New Philanthropy & Social InvestingOEBU 2080A – Autumn Semester 2014/2015
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Advocacy grants
Films of Record, “Fever Road”
•UNF – “Next Rotary”•Kaiser Foundation•MIM Conference
•Red Cross •Johns Hopkins – VOICES•World Economic Forum•UNF – “Nothing But Nets”•Malaria Consortium – GFTAM TA
•UNF – “Next Rotary” Phase II•PSI – ACT Market Watch
•UNF Malaria Partnership •World Economic Forum• Global Business Coalition on HIV/AIDS, TB, and Malaria•UNICEF – GFTAM TA•AED – Taxes and Tariffs•Malaria No More DC
Advocacy components
of IDD grants
MVI MVI IBRD – ACT subsidy
MACEPA
Use of foundation
voice
•Co-chair trip to Mozambique•Bill Financial Times op-ed
•MACEPA announcement•MVI / MMV announcement•LA Times malaria editorials/New Yorker article
•Melinda Zambia trip•MCTA announcement•Funder’s Consultation
Malaria Forum •NY malaria event
18
Overview of foundation’s malaria advocacy activitesEmphasis on using foundation “voice” as well as grant-making
• Johns Hopkins University – VOICES (2006)– Regional advocacy: Coordinate African malaria advocacy network with NGOs in Ghana, Kenya,
Mali, Mozambique– Global advocacy: Work with donor countries, opinion leaders, Global Fund, RBM, other
advocates on malaria issues– Track funding trends from World Bank, Global Fund, governments, and other funders
• Red Cross / European Alliance Against Malaria– Build advocacy in France, Germany, Spain, UK and EU– Partner with JHU on global advocacy
• Nothing But Nets – $3 million challenge grant– Platform for engaging new partners: Methodists, Lutherans, National Basketball Association,
Major League Soccer
New Philanthropy & Social InvestingOEBU 2080A – Autumn Semester 2014/2015 19
Examples of Malaria Advocacy Grants 2006
New Philanthropy & Social InvestingOEBU 2080A – Autumn Semester 2014/2015
• Malaria Forum (2007)– Foundation leadership commitment, Keynote speeches by Bill and Melinda Gates– Leadership Summit: Participation from WHO, Global Fund, World Bank, US government and Ministers of
Health from four African countries– Country Roundtables: Separate side meetings led by Ministers of Health from Ethiopia, Mozambique, Tanzania
and Zambia– Technical breakout topics including costing, monitoring and evaluation, reaching new partners, drug
resistance, clinical trials, research partnerships
• ACT Market Watch (2007)– Monitor price and availability of artemisinin combination therapies in eight target countries – Population Services International
• UNF Malaria Partnership (2008)– UN Foundation secretariat and technical support for two denomination-wide campaigns in the U.S.– United Methodist Church and Lutheran World Relief
• AED (2008)– Understand the role tariffs and taxes play in malaria commodity access and end-user price– Collect and analyze T&T data for malaria commodities across many countries– Develop advocacy strategy in tandem with research
20
Examples of Malaria Advocacy Activities & Grants 2007-2008
New Philanthropy & Social InvestingOEBU 2080A – Autumn Semester 2014/2015
Media points = articles with keywords in lead paragraph or headline and as the major subject of the article (Articles about Global Fund excluded)
Genome mapped
Mozambique trip/Gates funding
Vaccine trials
Celebrities, PMI
Foundation strongly present in malaria media
Gates funding, PMI
21
Using our voice: Malaria in the media
New Philanthropy & Social InvestingOEBU 2080A – Autumn Semester 2014/2015
• Raising malaria profile on the global agenda– Foundation efforts created building blocks for momentum that exists today including solidifying donor commitment (PMI,
World Bank)– Malaria Forum brought together leading scientists, business executives, policymakers, and political leaders to discuss and
advance the malaria control agenda– Co-chairs and WHO Director-General call for eradication put eradication back on the agenda
• Strengthening RBM partnership and improving effectiveness– Increased engagement of the global malaria community and recognition of RBM as the primary coordinating mechanism
for malaria control– Improved governance of the partnership
• Building grassroots/grasstops advocacy and funding in the US – UNF Malaria Partnership – The United Methodists Church (9 million members in the U.S.) and Lutheran Church (8 million
members in the U.S.) committed to raising $200 million for malaria– Nothing but Nets – Engaged 60,000 individuals, raised $18M for bednets, and distributed more than 700,000 nets across
Africa
• Increasing ACT availability– Affordable Medicines Facility for Malaria – The global community has endorsed a financing mechanism which will
provide ACTs at reduced prices and increase overall use, availability and affordability of ACTs. A detailed technical plan for launching the subsidy will be submitted to the 13th RBM Board meeting in November 2007
– ACT Market Watch – Monitors price and availability of artemisinin combination therapies in eight target countries
22
Foundation’s Malaria advocacy successes
New Philanthropy & Social InvestingOEBU 2080A – Autumn Semester 2014/2015
1 Catalyze global agenda around control and eradication
• Use foundation voice to maintain global visibility and momentum
• Help drive global architecture, including evolving and maturing RBM partnership
• (Need to ensure that we are transparent with others about our agenda and role)
2 Ensure adequate funding for malaria control and R&D
• Maintain (and grow) commitments from existing donor base
• Recruit new donors• "Channeling the energy" of donors in
useful directions (create new vehicles if needed)
3
4 Build evidence base to support the malaria agenda
• Commission research to fill gaps in evidence needed for policy and advocacy
• Ensure others commit sufficient resources and attention to gathering evidence (e.g., M&E, resistance monitoring, resource flows, etc)
1. Catalyze global agenda
2. Ensurefunding4. Build
evidencebase
Support and showcase models of success
• Concerted efforts in targeted African countries – from political leaders down to grassroots
• Development of African leadership and voice; build local capacity
3. Support and showcase models
of success
1
2
3
4
23
Our new objectives for the Malaria advocacy strategy
New Philanthropy & Social InvestingOEBU 2080A – Autumn Semester 2014/2015
• Our strategy, initiatives and grant-making are firmly rooted in our past successful efforts
– Increasing the visibility of malaria as a global health priority
• But broadened focus to reflect different stage of community, call for eradication– Implementation, need success stories in Africa
• We will engage additional groups as part of the broader foundation advocacy agenda, rather than with malaria specific activities
– Other donor countries (outside of US and Europe)– Private sector
• May broaden our focus in the near future based on evolution of foundation programs
– Go deep in Europe – build out of European presence
24
Advocacy efforts will focus in targeted areas to maximize impact
New Philanthropy & Social InvestingOEBU 2080A – Autumn Semester 2014/2015
Advocacy evaluation: art vs. Science– The ‘Elusive Craft point of view: (spontaneous
discussion)– The ‘science point of view: framework & indicators:
• ‘Who will acemerginghieve a given change or accomplish a given task?What will change or be accomplished through the effort?
• When will the change or accomplishment occur.• How much change will occur or be the level of
accomplishment?• How do we know the change or accomplishment has
occurred?
25
Advocacy and Policy ChangeEvaluating Advocacy