Session 3 UNCITRAL Final 221111
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Transcript of Session 3 UNCITRAL Final 221111
8/3/2019 Session 3 UNCITRAL Final 221111
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/session-3-uncitral-final-221111 1/18
UNCITRAL United Nations Commission on International Trade Law
Asia and Pacific Conference on ElectronicGovernment Procurement (e-GP)
for Effective Procurement
22-24 November 2011
The UNCITRAL Model Law on PublicProcurement and the Legal Framework for e-GP
Caroline Nicholas
UNCITRAL
November 2011
8/3/2019 Session 3 UNCITRAL Final 221111
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/session-3-uncitral-final-221111 2/18
UNCITRAL United Nations Commission on International Trade Law
UNCITRAL and the Legal Frameworkfor e-GP
• “[e-procurement] is emerging worldwide
with the potential to reform processes,improve market access, and promoteintegrity in public procurement”
• Does the legal framework allow eGP to liveup to these expectations?
8/3/2019 Session 3 UNCITRAL Final 221111
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/session-3-uncitral-final-221111 3/18
UNCITRAL United Nations Commission on International Trade Law
UNCITRAL and the Legal Frameworkfor e-GP
Key Policy goals in introducing e-procurement (1)
better
• Transparency
• Participation and competition• Objectivity and accountability
• Efficiency
meaning better value for money
8/3/2019 Session 3 UNCITRAL Final 221111
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/session-3-uncitral-final-221111 4/18
UNCITRAL United Nations Commission on International Trade Law
UNCITRAL and the Legal Frameworkfor e-GP
Key Policy goals in introducing e-procurement : (2)
better
• Oversight (external and internal)• Measurement of performance/results
• Identification of risk areas (red flags)
ie enhances accountability and integrity
8/3/2019 Session 3 UNCITRAL Final 221111
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/session-3-uncitral-final-221111 5/18
UNCITRAL United Nations Commission on International Trade Law
UNCITRAL and the Legal Frameworkfor e-GP
Policy approach of UNCITRAL
• Encourage e-procurement
– Where appropriate (infrastructure)
• Main policy issues
– Is government e-commerce permitted?
– Safeguards and public confidence
– Don’t over -regulate
– International market access
– Business models
– Treat as a reform issue, not a technology issue
8/3/2019 Session 3 UNCITRAL Final 221111
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/session-3-uncitral-final-221111 6/18
UNCITRAL United Nations Commission on International Trade Law
UNCITRAL and the Legal Frameworkfor e-GP
Legal framework for eGP covers:
• e-communications
• e-signatures• e-tenders
• e-reverse auctions
• e-records
8/3/2019 Session 3 UNCITRAL Final 221111
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/session-3-uncitral-final-221111 7/18
UNCITRAL United Nations Commission on International Trade Law
UNCITRAL and the Legal Frameworkfor e-GP
E-communications (1)
• “Functional equivalent approach”
– Requirements for writing, record ormeeting can be by satisfied byelectronic means
• Technological neutrality
•
Legal recognition of e-communicationsand e-documents in e-commerce law (andnot in Model Law)
8/3/2019 Session 3 UNCITRAL Final 221111
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/session-3-uncitral-final-221111 8/18
UNCITRAL United Nations Commission on International Trade Law
UNCITRAL and the Legal Frameworkfor e-GP
E-communications (2)
• Means of communication chosen by
procuring entity
• No justification
– But safeguards
• Non-discrimination, authenticity, integrity
and confidentiality – Public confidence
8/3/2019 Session 3 UNCITRAL Final 221111
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/session-3-uncitral-final-221111 9/18
UNCITRAL United Nations Commission on International Trade Law
UNCITRAL and the Legal Frameworkfor e-GP
E-reverse auctions (1)
Available
• Detailed and precise specifications
• Competitive market
• Common/simple procurement
• Goods, construction and services?
•
Price/additional criteria to be auctioned?• Two types - flexibility
8/3/2019 Session 3 UNCITRAL Final 221111
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/session-3-uncitral-final-221111 10/18
UNCITRAL United Nations Commission on International Trade Law
UNCITRAL and the Legal Frameworkfor e-GP
E-reverse auctions – transparency (1)
Solicitation documents to contain
• Criteria to determine the successful bid
• Which elements are to be auctioned and which not
• Price/non-price criteria
• Relative weight of criteria• Mathematical formula
8/3/2019 Session 3 UNCITRAL Final 221111
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/session-3-uncitral-final-221111 11/18
UNCITRAL United Nations Commission on International Trade Law
UNCITRAL and the Legal Frameworkfor e-GP
E-reverse auctions – transparency (2)
Solicitation documents to contain
• Any limits on numbers
• Initial bids required
•
Results of any initial bid evaluation• All other relevant information (listed)
8/3/2019 Session 3 UNCITRAL Final 221111
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/session-3-uncitral-final-221111 12/18
UNCITRAL United Nations Commission on International Trade Law
UNCITRAL and the Legal Frameworkfor e-GP
Policy issue 1 – don’t over -regulate
• Avoid higher standards for e-procurement
– e-signatures
• UNCITRAL does not require advancedsignatures
– e-tendering requirements
• Authenticity
• Equivalent to previous requirements for papertenders
8/3/2019 Session 3 UNCITRAL Final 221111
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/session-3-uncitral-final-221111 13/18
UNCITRAL United Nations Commission on International Trade Law
UNCITRAL and the Legal Framework fore-GP
Policy issue 2 – internationalparticipation
• Market access
– E-procurement systems national only?
• Certification from domestic third party
– UNCITRAL provides for cross-borderrecognition at legal level
– Theory vs practice
8/3/2019 Session 3 UNCITRAL Final 221111
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/session-3-uncitral-final-221111 14/18
UNCITRAL United Nations Commission on International Trade Law
UNCITRAL and the Legal Frameworkfor e-GP
Policy issue 3: business model
• Proprietary systems/specialist software
– Restrict access?
• Charges
• Outsourcing
–
Organisational conflicts of interest
8/3/2019 Session 3 UNCITRAL Final 221111
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/session-3-uncitral-final-221111 15/18
UNCITRAL United Nations Commission on International Trade Law
UNCITRAL and the Legal Frameworkfor e-GP
Policy issue 4: reform issue (1)
Enhancing value for money
•
New e-techniques – Auctions/Framework agreements
• Greater participation and competition
• “Toolbox” approach to procurement
–Requires discretionary decisions
– Guidance and oversight – ensuring objectivity
8/3/2019 Session 3 UNCITRAL Final 221111
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/session-3-uncitral-final-221111 16/18
UNCITRAL United Nations Commission on International Trade Law
UNCITRAL and the LegalFramework for e-GP
Policy issue 4: reform issue (2)
• Enhancing governance – Removal of human interaction
– Transparency enhancing accountability – Record - monitoring trends, red flags
• Enhancing efficiency – Reduced transaction costs and times
– Standardisation of purchases – Better management information – Better processes
8/3/2019 Session 3 UNCITRAL Final 221111
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/session-3-uncitral-final-221111 17/18
UNCITRAL United Nations Commission on International Trade Law
UNCITRAL and the LegalFramework for e-GP
Conclusions
• UNCITRAL has a facilitativeapproach to eGP
• With safeguards
•Recognises the value of processreform when implementing eGP
8/3/2019 Session 3 UNCITRAL Final 221111
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/session-3-uncitral-final-221111 18/18
UNCITRAL United Nations Commission on International Trade Law
UNCITRAL and the LegalFramework for e-GP
UNCITRAL’s work on procurement:
http://www.uncitral.org/uncitral/en/commission/wor
king_groups/1Procurement.html
Contact:
THANK YOU