Sourcing

Sourcing refers to the act of transferring work responsibilities and decision rights to someone else

Sourcing is normally conducted with an external party ndash ie external to the unit conducting the sourcing hence the word lsquooutrsquo A group within the organization can outsource some work to another group

Similarly an organization can outsource work to another organization or person who is external to it

bull sourcing refers to a number of procurement practices aimed at finding evaluating and engaging suppliers of goods and services

bull Global sourcing a procurement strategy aimed at exploiting global efficiencies in production or services

bull Outsourcing the process of contracting a business function to someone else

bull Insourcing a process of contracting a business function to someone else to be completed in-house

bull Offshoring refers to the relocation of organizational activities to a wholly owned subsidiary or an independent service provider in another country

Offshoring Modelbull Captive model (in house)bull Offshore outsourcing model (third party)

bull Nearshoring-Organizational activities are relocated to a neighbouring country

bull Onshoring- Organizational activities are in the same area as the client

Business Models in Outsourcing and Offshore Services

Source The Offshore Services Value Chain Developing Countries and the Crisis by Gary Gereffi Karina Fernandez-Stark Policy Research Working Paper 5262 Development Research Group The World Bank April 2010

Road transport

bull Road transport (British English) or road transportation (American English) is transport on roads of passengers or goods

bull Transport on roads can be roughly grouped into two categories -transportation of goods and -transportation of people

bull In many countries licencing requirements and safety regulations ensure a separation of the two industries

bull The nature of road transportation of goods depends apart from the degree of development of the local infrastructure-on the distance the goods are transported by road -the weight and volume of the individual shipment and the type of goods transported

bull For short distances and light small shipments a van or pickup truck may be used For large shipments even if less than a full truckload (FTL) a truck is more appropriate

bull In some countries cargo is transported by road in horse-drawn carriages donkey carts or other non-motorized mode

bull Delivery services are sometimes considered a separate category from cargo transport In many places fast food is transported on roads by various types of vehicles For inner city delivery of small packages and documents bike couriers are quite common

bull People (Passengers) are transported on roads either in individual cars or automobiles or in mass transitpublic transport by bus Coach (vehicle) Special modes of individual transport by road like rickshaws or velotaxis may also be locally available

bull Trucking companies or haulershauliers accept cargo for road transport Truck drivers operate either independently working directly for the client or through freight carriers or shipping agents Some big companies (eg grocery store chains like Future Group Reliance Retail Bharti Retail) operate their own internal trucking operations

bull A Bill of Lading issued by the shipper provides the basic document for road freight On cross-border transportation the trucker will present the cargo and documentation provided by the shipper to customs for inspection This also applies to shipments that are transported out of a Free port

bull A bill of lading (BL - sometimes referred to as BOL or BL) is a document issued by a carrier to a shipper acknowledging that specified goods have been received on board as cargo for conveyance to a named place for delivery to the consignee who is usually identified

bull A through bill of lading involves the use of at least two different modes of transport from road rail air and sea

bull The term derives from the verb to lade which means to load a cargo onto a ship or other form of transportation

bull A bill of lading can be used as a traded object The standard short form bill of lading is evidence of the contract of carriage of goods and it serves a number of purposes

bull It is evidence that a valid contract of carriage or a chartering contract exists and it may incorporate the full terms of the contract between the consignor and the carrier by reference (ie the short form simply refers to the main contract as an existing document whereas the long form of a bill of lading issued by the carrier sets out all the terms of the contract of carriage)

bull It is a receipt signed by the carrier confirming whether goods matching the contract description have been received in good condition and

bull It is also a document of transfer being freely transferable but not a negotiable instrument in the legal sense ie it governs all the legal aspects of physical carriage and like a cheque or other negotiable instrument it may be endorsed affecting ownership of the goods actually being carried

The BL must contain the following information

bull Name of the shipping company bull Flag of nationality bull Shippers name bull Order and notify party bull Description of goods bull Grossnettare weight and bull Freight ratemeasurements and

weighment of goodstotal freight

Licences

bull Truck drivers often need special licences to drive known

bull In US as a commercial drivers licensebull In UK a Large Goods Vehicle licencebull In India a Heavy Goods Vehicle licence is

required

Ingredientbull Today roadways are

principally asphalt (or Bitumen)or concrete Both are based on McAdams concept of stone aggregate in a binder asphalt cement or Portland cement respectively Asphalt is known as a flexible pavement one which slowly will flow under the pounding of traffic Concrete is a rigid pavement which can take heavier loads but is more expensive and requires more carefully prepared subbase So generally major roads are concrete and local roads are asphalt Often concrete roads are covered with a thin layer of asphalt to create a wearing surface

Traffic control

Nearly all roadways are built with devices meant to control traffic Most notable to the motorist are those meant to communicate directly with the driver Broadly these fall into three categories

bull signs bull signals and bull pavement markings They help the driver navigate they assign the right-of-way

at intersections they indicate laws such as speed limits and parking regulations they advise of potential hazards they indicate passing and no passing zones and otherwise deliver information and to assure traffic is orderly and safe

Toll Roads

bull Early toll roads were usually built by private companies under a government franchise They typically paralleled or replaced routes already with some volume of commerce hoping the improved road would divert enough traffic to make the enterprise profitable (PPPBOTBOOT development)

JNNURMbull Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) the

most ambitious urban program in the history of India

1048708 JNNURM is a Government of India initiative aiming atencouraging reforms and fast track planned developmentof identified cities

1048708 Focus is on efficiency in urban infrastructure and servicedelivery mechanisms community participation andaccountability of Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) parastatal agencies towards citizens

1048708 Total support from GOI is Rs 50000 cr with matchingcontribution by citiesstates over next six years (2006-12)

1048708 Investment of around Rs 150000 cr envisaged

• Sourcing
• Slide 2
• Slide 3
• Offshoring Model
• Slide 5
• Business Models in Outsourcing and Offshore Services
• Road transport
• Slide 8
• Slide 9
• Slide 10
• Slide 11
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• The BL must contain the following information
• Licences
• Ingredient
• Traffic control
• Toll Roads
• JNNURM

bull sourcing refers to a number of procurement practices aimed at finding evaluating and engaging suppliers of goods and services

bull Global sourcing a procurement strategy aimed at exploiting global efficiencies in production or services

bull Outsourcing the process of contracting a business function to someone else

bull Insourcing a process of contracting a business function to someone else to be completed in-house

bull Offshoring refers to the relocation of organizational activities to a wholly owned subsidiary or an independent service provider in another country

Offshoring Modelbull Captive model (in house)bull Offshore outsourcing model (third party)

bull Nearshoring-Organizational activities are relocated to a neighbouring country

bull Onshoring- Organizational activities are in the same area as the client

Business Models in Outsourcing and Offshore Services

Source The Offshore Services Value Chain Developing Countries and the Crisis by Gary Gereffi Karina Fernandez-Stark Policy Research Working Paper 5262 Development Research Group The World Bank April 2010

Road transport

bull Road transport (British English) or road transportation (American English) is transport on roads of passengers or goods

bull Transport on roads can be roughly grouped into two categories -transportation of goods and -transportation of people

bull In many countries licencing requirements and safety regulations ensure a separation of the two industries

bull The nature of road transportation of goods depends apart from the degree of development of the local infrastructure-on the distance the goods are transported by road -the weight and volume of the individual shipment and the type of goods transported

bull For short distances and light small shipments a van or pickup truck may be used For large shipments even if less than a full truckload (FTL) a truck is more appropriate

bull In some countries cargo is transported by road in horse-drawn carriages donkey carts or other non-motorized mode

bull Delivery services are sometimes considered a separate category from cargo transport In many places fast food is transported on roads by various types of vehicles For inner city delivery of small packages and documents bike couriers are quite common

bull People (Passengers) are transported on roads either in individual cars or automobiles or in mass transitpublic transport by bus Coach (vehicle) Special modes of individual transport by road like rickshaws or velotaxis may also be locally available

bull Trucking companies or haulershauliers accept cargo for road transport Truck drivers operate either independently working directly for the client or through freight carriers or shipping agents Some big companies (eg grocery store chains like Future Group Reliance Retail Bharti Retail) operate their own internal trucking operations

bull A Bill of Lading issued by the shipper provides the basic document for road freight On cross-border transportation the trucker will present the cargo and documentation provided by the shipper to customs for inspection This also applies to shipments that are transported out of a Free port

bull A bill of lading (BL - sometimes referred to as BOL or BL) is a document issued by a carrier to a shipper acknowledging that specified goods have been received on board as cargo for conveyance to a named place for delivery to the consignee who is usually identified

bull A through bill of lading involves the use of at least two different modes of transport from road rail air and sea

bull The term derives from the verb to lade which means to load a cargo onto a ship or other form of transportation

bull A bill of lading can be used as a traded object The standard short form bill of lading is evidence of the contract of carriage of goods and it serves a number of purposes

bull It is evidence that a valid contract of carriage or a chartering contract exists and it may incorporate the full terms of the contract between the consignor and the carrier by reference (ie the short form simply refers to the main contract as an existing document whereas the long form of a bill of lading issued by the carrier sets out all the terms of the contract of carriage)

bull It is a receipt signed by the carrier confirming whether goods matching the contract description have been received in good condition and

bull It is also a document of transfer being freely transferable but not a negotiable instrument in the legal sense ie it governs all the legal aspects of physical carriage and like a cheque or other negotiable instrument it may be endorsed affecting ownership of the goods actually being carried

The BL must contain the following information

bull Name of the shipping company bull Flag of nationality bull Shippers name bull Order and notify party bull Description of goods bull Grossnettare weight and bull Freight ratemeasurements and

weighment of goodstotal freight

Licences

bull Truck drivers often need special licences to drive known

bull In US as a commercial drivers licensebull In UK a Large Goods Vehicle licencebull In India a Heavy Goods Vehicle licence is

required

Ingredientbull Today roadways are

principally asphalt (or Bitumen)or concrete Both are based on McAdams concept of stone aggregate in a binder asphalt cement or Portland cement respectively Asphalt is known as a flexible pavement one which slowly will flow under the pounding of traffic Concrete is a rigid pavement which can take heavier loads but is more expensive and requires more carefully prepared subbase So generally major roads are concrete and local roads are asphalt Often concrete roads are covered with a thin layer of asphalt to create a wearing surface

Traffic control

Nearly all roadways are built with devices meant to control traffic Most notable to the motorist are those meant to communicate directly with the driver Broadly these fall into three categories

bull signs bull signals and bull pavement markings They help the driver navigate they assign the right-of-way

at intersections they indicate laws such as speed limits and parking regulations they advise of potential hazards they indicate passing and no passing zones and otherwise deliver information and to assure traffic is orderly and safe

Toll Roads

bull Early toll roads were usually built by private companies under a government franchise They typically paralleled or replaced routes already with some volume of commerce hoping the improved road would divert enough traffic to make the enterprise profitable (PPPBOTBOOT development)

JNNURMbull Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) the

most ambitious urban program in the history of India

1048708 JNNURM is a Government of India initiative aiming atencouraging reforms and fast track planned developmentof identified cities

1048708 Focus is on efficiency in urban infrastructure and servicedelivery mechanisms community participation andaccountability of Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) parastatal agencies towards citizens

1048708 Total support from GOI is Rs 50000 cr with matchingcontribution by citiesstates over next six years (2006-12)

1048708 Investment of around Rs 150000 cr envisaged

• Sourcing
• Slide 2
• Slide 3
• Offshoring Model
• Slide 5
• Business Models in Outsourcing and Offshore Services
• Road transport
• Slide 8
• Slide 9
• Slide 10
• Slide 11
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• The BL must contain the following information
• Licences
• Ingredient
• Traffic control
• Toll Roads
• JNNURM

bull Outsourcing the process of contracting a business function to someone else

bull Insourcing a process of contracting a business function to someone else to be completed in-house

bull Offshoring refers to the relocation of organizational activities to a wholly owned subsidiary or an independent service provider in another country

Offshoring Modelbull Captive model (in house)bull Offshore outsourcing model (third party)

bull Nearshoring-Organizational activities are relocated to a neighbouring country

bull Onshoring- Organizational activities are in the same area as the client

Business Models in Outsourcing and Offshore Services

Source The Offshore Services Value Chain Developing Countries and the Crisis by Gary Gereffi Karina Fernandez-Stark Policy Research Working Paper 5262 Development Research Group The World Bank April 2010

Road transport

bull Road transport (British English) or road transportation (American English) is transport on roads of passengers or goods

bull Transport on roads can be roughly grouped into two categories -transportation of goods and -transportation of people

bull In many countries licencing requirements and safety regulations ensure a separation of the two industries

bull The nature of road transportation of goods depends apart from the degree of development of the local infrastructure-on the distance the goods are transported by road -the weight and volume of the individual shipment and the type of goods transported

bull For short distances and light small shipments a van or pickup truck may be used For large shipments even if less than a full truckload (FTL) a truck is more appropriate

bull In some countries cargo is transported by road in horse-drawn carriages donkey carts or other non-motorized mode

bull Delivery services are sometimes considered a separate category from cargo transport In many places fast food is transported on roads by various types of vehicles For inner city delivery of small packages and documents bike couriers are quite common

bull People (Passengers) are transported on roads either in individual cars or automobiles or in mass transitpublic transport by bus Coach (vehicle) Special modes of individual transport by road like rickshaws or velotaxis may also be locally available

bull Trucking companies or haulershauliers accept cargo for road transport Truck drivers operate either independently working directly for the client or through freight carriers or shipping agents Some big companies (eg grocery store chains like Future Group Reliance Retail Bharti Retail) operate their own internal trucking operations

bull A Bill of Lading issued by the shipper provides the basic document for road freight On cross-border transportation the trucker will present the cargo and documentation provided by the shipper to customs for inspection This also applies to shipments that are transported out of a Free port

bull A bill of lading (BL - sometimes referred to as BOL or BL) is a document issued by a carrier to a shipper acknowledging that specified goods have been received on board as cargo for conveyance to a named place for delivery to the consignee who is usually identified

bull A through bill of lading involves the use of at least two different modes of transport from road rail air and sea

bull The term derives from the verb to lade which means to load a cargo onto a ship or other form of transportation

bull A bill of lading can be used as a traded object The standard short form bill of lading is evidence of the contract of carriage of goods and it serves a number of purposes

bull It is evidence that a valid contract of carriage or a chartering contract exists and it may incorporate the full terms of the contract between the consignor and the carrier by reference (ie the short form simply refers to the main contract as an existing document whereas the long form of a bill of lading issued by the carrier sets out all the terms of the contract of carriage)

bull It is a receipt signed by the carrier confirming whether goods matching the contract description have been received in good condition and

bull It is also a document of transfer being freely transferable but not a negotiable instrument in the legal sense ie it governs all the legal aspects of physical carriage and like a cheque or other negotiable instrument it may be endorsed affecting ownership of the goods actually being carried

The BL must contain the following information

bull Name of the shipping company bull Flag of nationality bull Shippers name bull Order and notify party bull Description of goods bull Grossnettare weight and bull Freight ratemeasurements and

weighment of goodstotal freight

Licences

bull Truck drivers often need special licences to drive known

bull In US as a commercial drivers licensebull In UK a Large Goods Vehicle licencebull In India a Heavy Goods Vehicle licence is

required

Ingredientbull Today roadways are

principally asphalt (or Bitumen)or concrete Both are based on McAdams concept of stone aggregate in a binder asphalt cement or Portland cement respectively Asphalt is known as a flexible pavement one which slowly will flow under the pounding of traffic Concrete is a rigid pavement which can take heavier loads but is more expensive and requires more carefully prepared subbase So generally major roads are concrete and local roads are asphalt Often concrete roads are covered with a thin layer of asphalt to create a wearing surface

Traffic control

Nearly all roadways are built with devices meant to control traffic Most notable to the motorist are those meant to communicate directly with the driver Broadly these fall into three categories

bull signs bull signals and bull pavement markings They help the driver navigate they assign the right-of-way

at intersections they indicate laws such as speed limits and parking regulations they advise of potential hazards they indicate passing and no passing zones and otherwise deliver information and to assure traffic is orderly and safe

Toll Roads

bull Early toll roads were usually built by private companies under a government franchise They typically paralleled or replaced routes already with some volume of commerce hoping the improved road would divert enough traffic to make the enterprise profitable (PPPBOTBOOT development)

JNNURMbull Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) the

most ambitious urban program in the history of India

1048708 JNNURM is a Government of India initiative aiming atencouraging reforms and fast track planned developmentof identified cities

1048708 Focus is on efficiency in urban infrastructure and servicedelivery mechanisms community participation andaccountability of Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) parastatal agencies towards citizens

1048708 Total support from GOI is Rs 50000 cr with matchingcontribution by citiesstates over next six years (2006-12)

1048708 Investment of around Rs 150000 cr envisaged

• Sourcing
• Slide 2
• Slide 3
• Offshoring Model
• Slide 5
• Business Models in Outsourcing and Offshore Services
• Road transport
• Slide 8
• Slide 9
• Slide 10
• Slide 11
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• The BL must contain the following information
• Licences
• Ingredient
• Traffic control
• Toll Roads
• JNNURM

Offshoring Modelbull Captive model (in house)bull Offshore outsourcing model (third party)

bull Nearshoring-Organizational activities are relocated to a neighbouring country

bull Onshoring- Organizational activities are in the same area as the client

Business Models in Outsourcing and Offshore Services

Source The Offshore Services Value Chain Developing Countries and the Crisis by Gary Gereffi Karina Fernandez-Stark Policy Research Working Paper 5262 Development Research Group The World Bank April 2010

Road transport

bull Road transport (British English) or road transportation (American English) is transport on roads of passengers or goods

bull Transport on roads can be roughly grouped into two categories -transportation of goods and -transportation of people

bull In many countries licencing requirements and safety regulations ensure a separation of the two industries

bull The nature of road transportation of goods depends apart from the degree of development of the local infrastructure-on the distance the goods are transported by road -the weight and volume of the individual shipment and the type of goods transported

bull For short distances and light small shipments a van or pickup truck may be used For large shipments even if less than a full truckload (FTL) a truck is more appropriate

bull In some countries cargo is transported by road in horse-drawn carriages donkey carts or other non-motorized mode

bull Delivery services are sometimes considered a separate category from cargo transport In many places fast food is transported on roads by various types of vehicles For inner city delivery of small packages and documents bike couriers are quite common

bull People (Passengers) are transported on roads either in individual cars or automobiles or in mass transitpublic transport by bus Coach (vehicle) Special modes of individual transport by road like rickshaws or velotaxis may also be locally available

bull Trucking companies or haulershauliers accept cargo for road transport Truck drivers operate either independently working directly for the client or through freight carriers or shipping agents Some big companies (eg grocery store chains like Future Group Reliance Retail Bharti Retail) operate their own internal trucking operations

bull A Bill of Lading issued by the shipper provides the basic document for road freight On cross-border transportation the trucker will present the cargo and documentation provided by the shipper to customs for inspection This also applies to shipments that are transported out of a Free port

bull A bill of lading (BL - sometimes referred to as BOL or BL) is a document issued by a carrier to a shipper acknowledging that specified goods have been received on board as cargo for conveyance to a named place for delivery to the consignee who is usually identified

bull A through bill of lading involves the use of at least two different modes of transport from road rail air and sea

bull The term derives from the verb to lade which means to load a cargo onto a ship or other form of transportation

bull A bill of lading can be used as a traded object The standard short form bill of lading is evidence of the contract of carriage of goods and it serves a number of purposes

bull It is evidence that a valid contract of carriage or a chartering contract exists and it may incorporate the full terms of the contract between the consignor and the carrier by reference (ie the short form simply refers to the main contract as an existing document whereas the long form of a bill of lading issued by the carrier sets out all the terms of the contract of carriage)

bull It is a receipt signed by the carrier confirming whether goods matching the contract description have been received in good condition and

bull It is also a document of transfer being freely transferable but not a negotiable instrument in the legal sense ie it governs all the legal aspects of physical carriage and like a cheque or other negotiable instrument it may be endorsed affecting ownership of the goods actually being carried

The BL must contain the following information

bull Name of the shipping company bull Flag of nationality bull Shippers name bull Order and notify party bull Description of goods bull Grossnettare weight and bull Freight ratemeasurements and

weighment of goodstotal freight

Licences

bull Truck drivers often need special licences to drive known

bull In US as a commercial drivers licensebull In UK a Large Goods Vehicle licencebull In India a Heavy Goods Vehicle licence is

required

Ingredientbull Today roadways are

principally asphalt (or Bitumen)or concrete Both are based on McAdams concept of stone aggregate in a binder asphalt cement or Portland cement respectively Asphalt is known as a flexible pavement one which slowly will flow under the pounding of traffic Concrete is a rigid pavement which can take heavier loads but is more expensive and requires more carefully prepared subbase So generally major roads are concrete and local roads are asphalt Often concrete roads are covered with a thin layer of asphalt to create a wearing surface

Traffic control

Nearly all roadways are built with devices meant to control traffic Most notable to the motorist are those meant to communicate directly with the driver Broadly these fall into three categories

bull signs bull signals and bull pavement markings They help the driver navigate they assign the right-of-way

at intersections they indicate laws such as speed limits and parking regulations they advise of potential hazards they indicate passing and no passing zones and otherwise deliver information and to assure traffic is orderly and safe

Toll Roads

bull Early toll roads were usually built by private companies under a government franchise They typically paralleled or replaced routes already with some volume of commerce hoping the improved road would divert enough traffic to make the enterprise profitable (PPPBOTBOOT development)

JNNURMbull Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) the

most ambitious urban program in the history of India

1048708 JNNURM is a Government of India initiative aiming atencouraging reforms and fast track planned developmentof identified cities

1048708 Focus is on efficiency in urban infrastructure and servicedelivery mechanisms community participation andaccountability of Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) parastatal agencies towards citizens

1048708 Total support from GOI is Rs 50000 cr with matchingcontribution by citiesstates over next six years (2006-12)

1048708 Investment of around Rs 150000 cr envisaged

• Sourcing
• Slide 2
• Slide 3
• Offshoring Model
• Slide 5
• Business Models in Outsourcing and Offshore Services
• Road transport
• Slide 8
• Slide 9
• Slide 10
• Slide 11
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• The BL must contain the following information
• Licences
• Ingredient
• Traffic control
• Toll Roads
• JNNURM

bull Nearshoring-Organizational activities are relocated to a neighbouring country

bull Onshoring- Organizational activities are in the same area as the client

Business Models in Outsourcing and Offshore Services

Source The Offshore Services Value Chain Developing Countries and the Crisis by Gary Gereffi Karina Fernandez-Stark Policy Research Working Paper 5262 Development Research Group The World Bank April 2010

Road transport

bull Road transport (British English) or road transportation (American English) is transport on roads of passengers or goods

bull Transport on roads can be roughly grouped into two categories -transportation of goods and -transportation of people

bull In many countries licencing requirements and safety regulations ensure a separation of the two industries

bull The nature of road transportation of goods depends apart from the degree of development of the local infrastructure-on the distance the goods are transported by road -the weight and volume of the individual shipment and the type of goods transported

bull For short distances and light small shipments a van or pickup truck may be used For large shipments even if less than a full truckload (FTL) a truck is more appropriate

bull In some countries cargo is transported by road in horse-drawn carriages donkey carts or other non-motorized mode

bull Delivery services are sometimes considered a separate category from cargo transport In many places fast food is transported on roads by various types of vehicles For inner city delivery of small packages and documents bike couriers are quite common

bull People (Passengers) are transported on roads either in individual cars or automobiles or in mass transitpublic transport by bus Coach (vehicle) Special modes of individual transport by road like rickshaws or velotaxis may also be locally available

bull Trucking companies or haulershauliers accept cargo for road transport Truck drivers operate either independently working directly for the client or through freight carriers or shipping agents Some big companies (eg grocery store chains like Future Group Reliance Retail Bharti Retail) operate their own internal trucking operations

bull A Bill of Lading issued by the shipper provides the basic document for road freight On cross-border transportation the trucker will present the cargo and documentation provided by the shipper to customs for inspection This also applies to shipments that are transported out of a Free port

bull A bill of lading (BL - sometimes referred to as BOL or BL) is a document issued by a carrier to a shipper acknowledging that specified goods have been received on board as cargo for conveyance to a named place for delivery to the consignee who is usually identified

bull A through bill of lading involves the use of at least two different modes of transport from road rail air and sea

bull The term derives from the verb to lade which means to load a cargo onto a ship or other form of transportation

bull A bill of lading can be used as a traded object The standard short form bill of lading is evidence of the contract of carriage of goods and it serves a number of purposes

bull It is evidence that a valid contract of carriage or a chartering contract exists and it may incorporate the full terms of the contract between the consignor and the carrier by reference (ie the short form simply refers to the main contract as an existing document whereas the long form of a bill of lading issued by the carrier sets out all the terms of the contract of carriage)

bull It is a receipt signed by the carrier confirming whether goods matching the contract description have been received in good condition and

bull It is also a document of transfer being freely transferable but not a negotiable instrument in the legal sense ie it governs all the legal aspects of physical carriage and like a cheque or other negotiable instrument it may be endorsed affecting ownership of the goods actually being carried

The BL must contain the following information

bull Name of the shipping company bull Flag of nationality bull Shippers name bull Order and notify party bull Description of goods bull Grossnettare weight and bull Freight ratemeasurements and

weighment of goodstotal freight

Licences

bull Truck drivers often need special licences to drive known

bull In US as a commercial drivers licensebull In UK a Large Goods Vehicle licencebull In India a Heavy Goods Vehicle licence is

required

Ingredientbull Today roadways are

principally asphalt (or Bitumen)or concrete Both are based on McAdams concept of stone aggregate in a binder asphalt cement or Portland cement respectively Asphalt is known as a flexible pavement one which slowly will flow under the pounding of traffic Concrete is a rigid pavement which can take heavier loads but is more expensive and requires more carefully prepared subbase So generally major roads are concrete and local roads are asphalt Often concrete roads are covered with a thin layer of asphalt to create a wearing surface

Traffic control

Nearly all roadways are built with devices meant to control traffic Most notable to the motorist are those meant to communicate directly with the driver Broadly these fall into three categories

bull signs bull signals and bull pavement markings They help the driver navigate they assign the right-of-way

at intersections they indicate laws such as speed limits and parking regulations they advise of potential hazards they indicate passing and no passing zones and otherwise deliver information and to assure traffic is orderly and safe

Toll Roads

bull Early toll roads were usually built by private companies under a government franchise They typically paralleled or replaced routes already with some volume of commerce hoping the improved road would divert enough traffic to make the enterprise profitable (PPPBOTBOOT development)

JNNURMbull Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) the

most ambitious urban program in the history of India

1048708 JNNURM is a Government of India initiative aiming atencouraging reforms and fast track planned developmentof identified cities

1048708 Focus is on efficiency in urban infrastructure and servicedelivery mechanisms community participation andaccountability of Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) parastatal agencies towards citizens

1048708 Total support from GOI is Rs 50000 cr with matchingcontribution by citiesstates over next six years (2006-12)

1048708 Investment of around Rs 150000 cr envisaged

• Sourcing
• Slide 2
• Slide 3
• Offshoring Model
• Slide 5
• Business Models in Outsourcing and Offshore Services
• Road transport
• Slide 8
• Slide 9
• Slide 10
• Slide 11
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• The BL must contain the following information
• Licences
• Ingredient
• Traffic control
• Toll Roads
• JNNURM

Business Models in Outsourcing and Offshore Services

Source The Offshore Services Value Chain Developing Countries and the Crisis by Gary Gereffi Karina Fernandez-Stark Policy Research Working Paper 5262 Development Research Group The World Bank April 2010

Road transport

bull Road transport (British English) or road transportation (American English) is transport on roads of passengers or goods

bull Transport on roads can be roughly grouped into two categories -transportation of goods and -transportation of people

bull In many countries licencing requirements and safety regulations ensure a separation of the two industries

bull The nature of road transportation of goods depends apart from the degree of development of the local infrastructure-on the distance the goods are transported by road -the weight and volume of the individual shipment and the type of goods transported

bull For short distances and light small shipments a van or pickup truck may be used For large shipments even if less than a full truckload (FTL) a truck is more appropriate

bull In some countries cargo is transported by road in horse-drawn carriages donkey carts or other non-motorized mode

bull Delivery services are sometimes considered a separate category from cargo transport In many places fast food is transported on roads by various types of vehicles For inner city delivery of small packages and documents bike couriers are quite common

bull People (Passengers) are transported on roads either in individual cars or automobiles or in mass transitpublic transport by bus Coach (vehicle) Special modes of individual transport by road like rickshaws or velotaxis may also be locally available

bull Trucking companies or haulershauliers accept cargo for road transport Truck drivers operate either independently working directly for the client or through freight carriers or shipping agents Some big companies (eg grocery store chains like Future Group Reliance Retail Bharti Retail) operate their own internal trucking operations

bull A Bill of Lading issued by the shipper provides the basic document for road freight On cross-border transportation the trucker will present the cargo and documentation provided by the shipper to customs for inspection This also applies to shipments that are transported out of a Free port

bull A bill of lading (BL - sometimes referred to as BOL or BL) is a document issued by a carrier to a shipper acknowledging that specified goods have been received on board as cargo for conveyance to a named place for delivery to the consignee who is usually identified

bull A through bill of lading involves the use of at least two different modes of transport from road rail air and sea

bull The term derives from the verb to lade which means to load a cargo onto a ship or other form of transportation

bull A bill of lading can be used as a traded object The standard short form bill of lading is evidence of the contract of carriage of goods and it serves a number of purposes

bull It is evidence that a valid contract of carriage or a chartering contract exists and it may incorporate the full terms of the contract between the consignor and the carrier by reference (ie the short form simply refers to the main contract as an existing document whereas the long form of a bill of lading issued by the carrier sets out all the terms of the contract of carriage)

bull It is a receipt signed by the carrier confirming whether goods matching the contract description have been received in good condition and

bull It is also a document of transfer being freely transferable but not a negotiable instrument in the legal sense ie it governs all the legal aspects of physical carriage and like a cheque or other negotiable instrument it may be endorsed affecting ownership of the goods actually being carried

The BL must contain the following information

bull Name of the shipping company bull Flag of nationality bull Shippers name bull Order and notify party bull Description of goods bull Grossnettare weight and bull Freight ratemeasurements and

weighment of goodstotal freight

Licences

bull Truck drivers often need special licences to drive known

bull In US as a commercial drivers licensebull In UK a Large Goods Vehicle licencebull In India a Heavy Goods Vehicle licence is

required

Ingredientbull Today roadways are

principally asphalt (or Bitumen)or concrete Both are based on McAdams concept of stone aggregate in a binder asphalt cement or Portland cement respectively Asphalt is known as a flexible pavement one which slowly will flow under the pounding of traffic Concrete is a rigid pavement which can take heavier loads but is more expensive and requires more carefully prepared subbase So generally major roads are concrete and local roads are asphalt Often concrete roads are covered with a thin layer of asphalt to create a wearing surface

Traffic control

Nearly all roadways are built with devices meant to control traffic Most notable to the motorist are those meant to communicate directly with the driver Broadly these fall into three categories

bull signs bull signals and bull pavement markings They help the driver navigate they assign the right-of-way

at intersections they indicate laws such as speed limits and parking regulations they advise of potential hazards they indicate passing and no passing zones and otherwise deliver information and to assure traffic is orderly and safe

Toll Roads

bull Early toll roads were usually built by private companies under a government franchise They typically paralleled or replaced routes already with some volume of commerce hoping the improved road would divert enough traffic to make the enterprise profitable (PPPBOTBOOT development)

JNNURMbull Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) the

most ambitious urban program in the history of India

1048708 JNNURM is a Government of India initiative aiming atencouraging reforms and fast track planned developmentof identified cities

1048708 Focus is on efficiency in urban infrastructure and servicedelivery mechanisms community participation andaccountability of Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) parastatal agencies towards citizens

1048708 Total support from GOI is Rs 50000 cr with matchingcontribution by citiesstates over next six years (2006-12)

1048708 Investment of around Rs 150000 cr envisaged

• Sourcing
• Slide 2
• Slide 3
• Offshoring Model
• Slide 5
• Business Models in Outsourcing and Offshore Services
• Road transport
• Slide 8
• Slide 9
• Slide 10
• Slide 11
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• The BL must contain the following information
• Licences
• Ingredient
• Traffic control
• Toll Roads
• JNNURM

Road transport

bull Road transport (British English) or road transportation (American English) is transport on roads of passengers or goods

bull Transport on roads can be roughly grouped into two categories -transportation of goods and -transportation of people

bull In many countries licencing requirements and safety regulations ensure a separation of the two industries

bull The nature of road transportation of goods depends apart from the degree of development of the local infrastructure-on the distance the goods are transported by road -the weight and volume of the individual shipment and the type of goods transported

bull For short distances and light small shipments a van or pickup truck may be used For large shipments even if less than a full truckload (FTL) a truck is more appropriate

bull In some countries cargo is transported by road in horse-drawn carriages donkey carts or other non-motorized mode

bull Delivery services are sometimes considered a separate category from cargo transport In many places fast food is transported on roads by various types of vehicles For inner city delivery of small packages and documents bike couriers are quite common

bull People (Passengers) are transported on roads either in individual cars or automobiles or in mass transitpublic transport by bus Coach (vehicle) Special modes of individual transport by road like rickshaws or velotaxis may also be locally available

bull Trucking companies or haulershauliers accept cargo for road transport Truck drivers operate either independently working directly for the client or through freight carriers or shipping agents Some big companies (eg grocery store chains like Future Group Reliance Retail Bharti Retail) operate their own internal trucking operations

bull A Bill of Lading issued by the shipper provides the basic document for road freight On cross-border transportation the trucker will present the cargo and documentation provided by the shipper to customs for inspection This also applies to shipments that are transported out of a Free port

bull A bill of lading (BL - sometimes referred to as BOL or BL) is a document issued by a carrier to a shipper acknowledging that specified goods have been received on board as cargo for conveyance to a named place for delivery to the consignee who is usually identified

bull A through bill of lading involves the use of at least two different modes of transport from road rail air and sea

bull The term derives from the verb to lade which means to load a cargo onto a ship or other form of transportation

bull A bill of lading can be used as a traded object The standard short form bill of lading is evidence of the contract of carriage of goods and it serves a number of purposes

bull It is evidence that a valid contract of carriage or a chartering contract exists and it may incorporate the full terms of the contract between the consignor and the carrier by reference (ie the short form simply refers to the main contract as an existing document whereas the long form of a bill of lading issued by the carrier sets out all the terms of the contract of carriage)

bull It is a receipt signed by the carrier confirming whether goods matching the contract description have been received in good condition and

bull It is also a document of transfer being freely transferable but not a negotiable instrument in the legal sense ie it governs all the legal aspects of physical carriage and like a cheque or other negotiable instrument it may be endorsed affecting ownership of the goods actually being carried

The BL must contain the following information

bull Name of the shipping company bull Flag of nationality bull Shippers name bull Order and notify party bull Description of goods bull Grossnettare weight and bull Freight ratemeasurements and

weighment of goodstotal freight

Licences

bull Truck drivers often need special licences to drive known

bull In US as a commercial drivers licensebull In UK a Large Goods Vehicle licencebull In India a Heavy Goods Vehicle licence is

required

Ingredientbull Today roadways are

principally asphalt (or Bitumen)or concrete Both are based on McAdams concept of stone aggregate in a binder asphalt cement or Portland cement respectively Asphalt is known as a flexible pavement one which slowly will flow under the pounding of traffic Concrete is a rigid pavement which can take heavier loads but is more expensive and requires more carefully prepared subbase So generally major roads are concrete and local roads are asphalt Often concrete roads are covered with a thin layer of asphalt to create a wearing surface

Traffic control

Nearly all roadways are built with devices meant to control traffic Most notable to the motorist are those meant to communicate directly with the driver Broadly these fall into three categories

bull signs bull signals and bull pavement markings They help the driver navigate they assign the right-of-way

at intersections they indicate laws such as speed limits and parking regulations they advise of potential hazards they indicate passing and no passing zones and otherwise deliver information and to assure traffic is orderly and safe

Toll Roads

bull Early toll roads were usually built by private companies under a government franchise They typically paralleled or replaced routes already with some volume of commerce hoping the improved road would divert enough traffic to make the enterprise profitable (PPPBOTBOOT development)

JNNURMbull Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) the

most ambitious urban program in the history of India

1048708 JNNURM is a Government of India initiative aiming atencouraging reforms and fast track planned developmentof identified cities

1048708 Focus is on efficiency in urban infrastructure and servicedelivery mechanisms community participation andaccountability of Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) parastatal agencies towards citizens

1048708 Total support from GOI is Rs 50000 cr with matchingcontribution by citiesstates over next six years (2006-12)

1048708 Investment of around Rs 150000 cr envisaged

• Sourcing
• Slide 2
• Slide 3
• Offshoring Model
• Slide 5
• Business Models in Outsourcing and Offshore Services
• Road transport
• Slide 8
• Slide 9
• Slide 10
• Slide 11
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• The BL must contain the following information
• Licences
• Ingredient
• Traffic control
• Toll Roads
• JNNURM

bull Transport on roads can be roughly grouped into two categories -transportation of goods and -transportation of people

bull In many countries licencing requirements and safety regulations ensure a separation of the two industries

bull The nature of road transportation of goods depends apart from the degree of development of the local infrastructure-on the distance the goods are transported by road -the weight and volume of the individual shipment and the type of goods transported

bull For short distances and light small shipments a van or pickup truck may be used For large shipments even if less than a full truckload (FTL) a truck is more appropriate

bull In some countries cargo is transported by road in horse-drawn carriages donkey carts or other non-motorized mode

bull Delivery services are sometimes considered a separate category from cargo transport In many places fast food is transported on roads by various types of vehicles For inner city delivery of small packages and documents bike couriers are quite common

bull People (Passengers) are transported on roads either in individual cars or automobiles or in mass transitpublic transport by bus Coach (vehicle) Special modes of individual transport by road like rickshaws or velotaxis may also be locally available

bull Trucking companies or haulershauliers accept cargo for road transport Truck drivers operate either independently working directly for the client or through freight carriers or shipping agents Some big companies (eg grocery store chains like Future Group Reliance Retail Bharti Retail) operate their own internal trucking operations

bull A Bill of Lading issued by the shipper provides the basic document for road freight On cross-border transportation the trucker will present the cargo and documentation provided by the shipper to customs for inspection This also applies to shipments that are transported out of a Free port

bull A bill of lading (BL - sometimes referred to as BOL or BL) is a document issued by a carrier to a shipper acknowledging that specified goods have been received on board as cargo for conveyance to a named place for delivery to the consignee who is usually identified

bull A through bill of lading involves the use of at least two different modes of transport from road rail air and sea

bull The term derives from the verb to lade which means to load a cargo onto a ship or other form of transportation

bull A bill of lading can be used as a traded object The standard short form bill of lading is evidence of the contract of carriage of goods and it serves a number of purposes

bull It is evidence that a valid contract of carriage or a chartering contract exists and it may incorporate the full terms of the contract between the consignor and the carrier by reference (ie the short form simply refers to the main contract as an existing document whereas the long form of a bill of lading issued by the carrier sets out all the terms of the contract of carriage)

bull It is a receipt signed by the carrier confirming whether goods matching the contract description have been received in good condition and

bull It is also a document of transfer being freely transferable but not a negotiable instrument in the legal sense ie it governs all the legal aspects of physical carriage and like a cheque or other negotiable instrument it may be endorsed affecting ownership of the goods actually being carried

The BL must contain the following information

bull Name of the shipping company bull Flag of nationality bull Shippers name bull Order and notify party bull Description of goods bull Grossnettare weight and bull Freight ratemeasurements and

weighment of goodstotal freight

Licences

bull Truck drivers often need special licences to drive known

bull In US as a commercial drivers licensebull In UK a Large Goods Vehicle licencebull In India a Heavy Goods Vehicle licence is

required

Ingredientbull Today roadways are

principally asphalt (or Bitumen)or concrete Both are based on McAdams concept of stone aggregate in a binder asphalt cement or Portland cement respectively Asphalt is known as a flexible pavement one which slowly will flow under the pounding of traffic Concrete is a rigid pavement which can take heavier loads but is more expensive and requires more carefully prepared subbase So generally major roads are concrete and local roads are asphalt Often concrete roads are covered with a thin layer of asphalt to create a wearing surface

Traffic control

Nearly all roadways are built with devices meant to control traffic Most notable to the motorist are those meant to communicate directly with the driver Broadly these fall into three categories

bull signs bull signals and bull pavement markings They help the driver navigate they assign the right-of-way

at intersections they indicate laws such as speed limits and parking regulations they advise of potential hazards they indicate passing and no passing zones and otherwise deliver information and to assure traffic is orderly and safe

Toll Roads

bull Early toll roads were usually built by private companies under a government franchise They typically paralleled or replaced routes already with some volume of commerce hoping the improved road would divert enough traffic to make the enterprise profitable (PPPBOTBOOT development)

JNNURMbull Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) the

most ambitious urban program in the history of India

1048708 JNNURM is a Government of India initiative aiming atencouraging reforms and fast track planned developmentof identified cities

1048708 Focus is on efficiency in urban infrastructure and servicedelivery mechanisms community participation andaccountability of Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) parastatal agencies towards citizens

1048708 Total support from GOI is Rs 50000 cr with matchingcontribution by citiesstates over next six years (2006-12)

1048708 Investment of around Rs 150000 cr envisaged

• Sourcing
• Slide 2
• Slide 3
• Offshoring Model
• Slide 5
• Business Models in Outsourcing and Offshore Services
• Road transport
• Slide 8
• Slide 9
• Slide 10
• Slide 11
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• The BL must contain the following information
• Licences
• Ingredient
• Traffic control
• Toll Roads
• JNNURM

bull The nature of road transportation of goods depends apart from the degree of development of the local infrastructure-on the distance the goods are transported by road -the weight and volume of the individual shipment and the type of goods transported

bull For short distances and light small shipments a van or pickup truck may be used For large shipments even if less than a full truckload (FTL) a truck is more appropriate

bull In some countries cargo is transported by road in horse-drawn carriages donkey carts or other non-motorized mode

bull Delivery services are sometimes considered a separate category from cargo transport In many places fast food is transported on roads by various types of vehicles For inner city delivery of small packages and documents bike couriers are quite common

bull People (Passengers) are transported on roads either in individual cars or automobiles or in mass transitpublic transport by bus Coach (vehicle) Special modes of individual transport by road like rickshaws or velotaxis may also be locally available

bull Trucking companies or haulershauliers accept cargo for road transport Truck drivers operate either independently working directly for the client or through freight carriers or shipping agents Some big companies (eg grocery store chains like Future Group Reliance Retail Bharti Retail) operate their own internal trucking operations

bull A Bill of Lading issued by the shipper provides the basic document for road freight On cross-border transportation the trucker will present the cargo and documentation provided by the shipper to customs for inspection This also applies to shipments that are transported out of a Free port

bull A bill of lading (BL - sometimes referred to as BOL or BL) is a document issued by a carrier to a shipper acknowledging that specified goods have been received on board as cargo for conveyance to a named place for delivery to the consignee who is usually identified

bull A through bill of lading involves the use of at least two different modes of transport from road rail air and sea

bull The term derives from the verb to lade which means to load a cargo onto a ship or other form of transportation

bull A bill of lading can be used as a traded object The standard short form bill of lading is evidence of the contract of carriage of goods and it serves a number of purposes

bull It is evidence that a valid contract of carriage or a chartering contract exists and it may incorporate the full terms of the contract between the consignor and the carrier by reference (ie the short form simply refers to the main contract as an existing document whereas the long form of a bill of lading issued by the carrier sets out all the terms of the contract of carriage)

bull It is a receipt signed by the carrier confirming whether goods matching the contract description have been received in good condition and

bull It is also a document of transfer being freely transferable but not a negotiable instrument in the legal sense ie it governs all the legal aspects of physical carriage and like a cheque or other negotiable instrument it may be endorsed affecting ownership of the goods actually being carried

The BL must contain the following information

bull Name of the shipping company bull Flag of nationality bull Shippers name bull Order and notify party bull Description of goods bull Grossnettare weight and bull Freight ratemeasurements and

weighment of goodstotal freight

Licences

bull Truck drivers often need special licences to drive known

bull In US as a commercial drivers licensebull In UK a Large Goods Vehicle licencebull In India a Heavy Goods Vehicle licence is

required

Ingredientbull Today roadways are

principally asphalt (or Bitumen)or concrete Both are based on McAdams concept of stone aggregate in a binder asphalt cement or Portland cement respectively Asphalt is known as a flexible pavement one which slowly will flow under the pounding of traffic Concrete is a rigid pavement which can take heavier loads but is more expensive and requires more carefully prepared subbase So generally major roads are concrete and local roads are asphalt Often concrete roads are covered with a thin layer of asphalt to create a wearing surface

Traffic control

Nearly all roadways are built with devices meant to control traffic Most notable to the motorist are those meant to communicate directly with the driver Broadly these fall into three categories

bull signs bull signals and bull pavement markings They help the driver navigate they assign the right-of-way

at intersections they indicate laws such as speed limits and parking regulations they advise of potential hazards they indicate passing and no passing zones and otherwise deliver information and to assure traffic is orderly and safe

Toll Roads

bull Early toll roads were usually built by private companies under a government franchise They typically paralleled or replaced routes already with some volume of commerce hoping the improved road would divert enough traffic to make the enterprise profitable (PPPBOTBOOT development)

JNNURMbull Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) the

most ambitious urban program in the history of India

1048708 JNNURM is a Government of India initiative aiming atencouraging reforms and fast track planned developmentof identified cities

1048708 Focus is on efficiency in urban infrastructure and servicedelivery mechanisms community participation andaccountability of Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) parastatal agencies towards citizens

1048708 Total support from GOI is Rs 50000 cr with matchingcontribution by citiesstates over next six years (2006-12)

1048708 Investment of around Rs 150000 cr envisaged

• Sourcing
• Slide 2
• Slide 3
• Offshoring Model
• Slide 5
• Business Models in Outsourcing and Offshore Services
• Road transport
• Slide 8
• Slide 9
• Slide 10
• Slide 11
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• The BL must contain the following information
• Licences
• Ingredient
• Traffic control
• Toll Roads
• JNNURM

bull In some countries cargo is transported by road in horse-drawn carriages donkey carts or other non-motorized mode

bull Delivery services are sometimes considered a separate category from cargo transport In many places fast food is transported on roads by various types of vehicles For inner city delivery of small packages and documents bike couriers are quite common

bull People (Passengers) are transported on roads either in individual cars or automobiles or in mass transitpublic transport by bus Coach (vehicle) Special modes of individual transport by road like rickshaws or velotaxis may also be locally available

bull Trucking companies or haulershauliers accept cargo for road transport Truck drivers operate either independently working directly for the client or through freight carriers or shipping agents Some big companies (eg grocery store chains like Future Group Reliance Retail Bharti Retail) operate their own internal trucking operations

bull A Bill of Lading issued by the shipper provides the basic document for road freight On cross-border transportation the trucker will present the cargo and documentation provided by the shipper to customs for inspection This also applies to shipments that are transported out of a Free port

bull A bill of lading (BL - sometimes referred to as BOL or BL) is a document issued by a carrier to a shipper acknowledging that specified goods have been received on board as cargo for conveyance to a named place for delivery to the consignee who is usually identified

bull A through bill of lading involves the use of at least two different modes of transport from road rail air and sea

bull The term derives from the verb to lade which means to load a cargo onto a ship or other form of transportation

bull A bill of lading can be used as a traded object The standard short form bill of lading is evidence of the contract of carriage of goods and it serves a number of purposes

bull It is evidence that a valid contract of carriage or a chartering contract exists and it may incorporate the full terms of the contract between the consignor and the carrier by reference (ie the short form simply refers to the main contract as an existing document whereas the long form of a bill of lading issued by the carrier sets out all the terms of the contract of carriage)

bull It is a receipt signed by the carrier confirming whether goods matching the contract description have been received in good condition and

bull It is also a document of transfer being freely transferable but not a negotiable instrument in the legal sense ie it governs all the legal aspects of physical carriage and like a cheque or other negotiable instrument it may be endorsed affecting ownership of the goods actually being carried

The BL must contain the following information

bull Name of the shipping company bull Flag of nationality bull Shippers name bull Order and notify party bull Description of goods bull Grossnettare weight and bull Freight ratemeasurements and

weighment of goodstotal freight

Licences

bull Truck drivers often need special licences to drive known

bull In US as a commercial drivers licensebull In UK a Large Goods Vehicle licencebull In India a Heavy Goods Vehicle licence is

required

Ingredientbull Today roadways are

principally asphalt (or Bitumen)or concrete Both are based on McAdams concept of stone aggregate in a binder asphalt cement or Portland cement respectively Asphalt is known as a flexible pavement one which slowly will flow under the pounding of traffic Concrete is a rigid pavement which can take heavier loads but is more expensive and requires more carefully prepared subbase So generally major roads are concrete and local roads are asphalt Often concrete roads are covered with a thin layer of asphalt to create a wearing surface

Traffic control

Nearly all roadways are built with devices meant to control traffic Most notable to the motorist are those meant to communicate directly with the driver Broadly these fall into three categories

bull signs bull signals and bull pavement markings They help the driver navigate they assign the right-of-way

at intersections they indicate laws such as speed limits and parking regulations they advise of potential hazards they indicate passing and no passing zones and otherwise deliver information and to assure traffic is orderly and safe

Toll Roads

bull Early toll roads were usually built by private companies under a government franchise They typically paralleled or replaced routes already with some volume of commerce hoping the improved road would divert enough traffic to make the enterprise profitable (PPPBOTBOOT development)

JNNURMbull Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) the

most ambitious urban program in the history of India

1048708 JNNURM is a Government of India initiative aiming atencouraging reforms and fast track planned developmentof identified cities

1048708 Focus is on efficiency in urban infrastructure and servicedelivery mechanisms community participation andaccountability of Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) parastatal agencies towards citizens

1048708 Total support from GOI is Rs 50000 cr with matchingcontribution by citiesstates over next six years (2006-12)

1048708 Investment of around Rs 150000 cr envisaged

• Sourcing
• Slide 2
• Slide 3
• Offshoring Model
• Slide 5
• Business Models in Outsourcing and Offshore Services
• Road transport
• Slide 8
• Slide 9
• Slide 10
• Slide 11
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• The BL must contain the following information
• Licences
• Ingredient
• Traffic control
• Toll Roads
• JNNURM

bull People (Passengers) are transported on roads either in individual cars or automobiles or in mass transitpublic transport by bus Coach (vehicle) Special modes of individual transport by road like rickshaws or velotaxis may also be locally available

bull Trucking companies or haulershauliers accept cargo for road transport Truck drivers operate either independently working directly for the client or through freight carriers or shipping agents Some big companies (eg grocery store chains like Future Group Reliance Retail Bharti Retail) operate their own internal trucking operations

bull A Bill of Lading issued by the shipper provides the basic document for road freight On cross-border transportation the trucker will present the cargo and documentation provided by the shipper to customs for inspection This also applies to shipments that are transported out of a Free port

bull A bill of lading (BL - sometimes referred to as BOL or BL) is a document issued by a carrier to a shipper acknowledging that specified goods have been received on board as cargo for conveyance to a named place for delivery to the consignee who is usually identified

bull A through bill of lading involves the use of at least two different modes of transport from road rail air and sea

bull The term derives from the verb to lade which means to load a cargo onto a ship or other form of transportation

bull A bill of lading can be used as a traded object The standard short form bill of lading is evidence of the contract of carriage of goods and it serves a number of purposes

bull It is evidence that a valid contract of carriage or a chartering contract exists and it may incorporate the full terms of the contract between the consignor and the carrier by reference (ie the short form simply refers to the main contract as an existing document whereas the long form of a bill of lading issued by the carrier sets out all the terms of the contract of carriage)

bull It is a receipt signed by the carrier confirming whether goods matching the contract description have been received in good condition and

bull It is also a document of transfer being freely transferable but not a negotiable instrument in the legal sense ie it governs all the legal aspects of physical carriage and like a cheque or other negotiable instrument it may be endorsed affecting ownership of the goods actually being carried

The BL must contain the following information

bull Name of the shipping company bull Flag of nationality bull Shippers name bull Order and notify party bull Description of goods bull Grossnettare weight and bull Freight ratemeasurements and

weighment of goodstotal freight

Licences

bull Truck drivers often need special licences to drive known

bull In US as a commercial drivers licensebull In UK a Large Goods Vehicle licencebull In India a Heavy Goods Vehicle licence is

required

Ingredientbull Today roadways are

principally asphalt (or Bitumen)or concrete Both are based on McAdams concept of stone aggregate in a binder asphalt cement or Portland cement respectively Asphalt is known as a flexible pavement one which slowly will flow under the pounding of traffic Concrete is a rigid pavement which can take heavier loads but is more expensive and requires more carefully prepared subbase So generally major roads are concrete and local roads are asphalt Often concrete roads are covered with a thin layer of asphalt to create a wearing surface

Traffic control

Nearly all roadways are built with devices meant to control traffic Most notable to the motorist are those meant to communicate directly with the driver Broadly these fall into three categories

bull signs bull signals and bull pavement markings They help the driver navigate they assign the right-of-way

at intersections they indicate laws such as speed limits and parking regulations they advise of potential hazards they indicate passing and no passing zones and otherwise deliver information and to assure traffic is orderly and safe

Toll Roads

bull Early toll roads were usually built by private companies under a government franchise They typically paralleled or replaced routes already with some volume of commerce hoping the improved road would divert enough traffic to make the enterprise profitable (PPPBOTBOOT development)

JNNURMbull Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) the

most ambitious urban program in the history of India

1048708 JNNURM is a Government of India initiative aiming atencouraging reforms and fast track planned developmentof identified cities

1048708 Focus is on efficiency in urban infrastructure and servicedelivery mechanisms community participation andaccountability of Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) parastatal agencies towards citizens

1048708 Total support from GOI is Rs 50000 cr with matchingcontribution by citiesstates over next six years (2006-12)

1048708 Investment of around Rs 150000 cr envisaged

• Sourcing
• Slide 2
• Slide 3
• Offshoring Model
• Slide 5
• Business Models in Outsourcing and Offshore Services
• Road transport
• Slide 8
• Slide 9
• Slide 10
• Slide 11
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• The BL must contain the following information
• Licences
• Ingredient
• Traffic control
• Toll Roads
• JNNURM

bull Trucking companies or haulershauliers accept cargo for road transport Truck drivers operate either independently working directly for the client or through freight carriers or shipping agents Some big companies (eg grocery store chains like Future Group Reliance Retail Bharti Retail) operate their own internal trucking operations

bull A Bill of Lading issued by the shipper provides the basic document for road freight On cross-border transportation the trucker will present the cargo and documentation provided by the shipper to customs for inspection This also applies to shipments that are transported out of a Free port

bull A bill of lading (BL - sometimes referred to as BOL or BL) is a document issued by a carrier to a shipper acknowledging that specified goods have been received on board as cargo for conveyance to a named place for delivery to the consignee who is usually identified

bull A through bill of lading involves the use of at least two different modes of transport from road rail air and sea

bull The term derives from the verb to lade which means to load a cargo onto a ship or other form of transportation

bull A bill of lading can be used as a traded object The standard short form bill of lading is evidence of the contract of carriage of goods and it serves a number of purposes

bull It is evidence that a valid contract of carriage or a chartering contract exists and it may incorporate the full terms of the contract between the consignor and the carrier by reference (ie the short form simply refers to the main contract as an existing document whereas the long form of a bill of lading issued by the carrier sets out all the terms of the contract of carriage)

bull It is a receipt signed by the carrier confirming whether goods matching the contract description have been received in good condition and

bull It is also a document of transfer being freely transferable but not a negotiable instrument in the legal sense ie it governs all the legal aspects of physical carriage and like a cheque or other negotiable instrument it may be endorsed affecting ownership of the goods actually being carried

The BL must contain the following information

bull Name of the shipping company bull Flag of nationality bull Shippers name bull Order and notify party bull Description of goods bull Grossnettare weight and bull Freight ratemeasurements and

weighment of goodstotal freight

Licences

bull Truck drivers often need special licences to drive known

bull In US as a commercial drivers licensebull In UK a Large Goods Vehicle licencebull In India a Heavy Goods Vehicle licence is

required

Ingredientbull Today roadways are

principally asphalt (or Bitumen)or concrete Both are based on McAdams concept of stone aggregate in a binder asphalt cement or Portland cement respectively Asphalt is known as a flexible pavement one which slowly will flow under the pounding of traffic Concrete is a rigid pavement which can take heavier loads but is more expensive and requires more carefully prepared subbase So generally major roads are concrete and local roads are asphalt Often concrete roads are covered with a thin layer of asphalt to create a wearing surface

Traffic control

Nearly all roadways are built with devices meant to control traffic Most notable to the motorist are those meant to communicate directly with the driver Broadly these fall into three categories

bull signs bull signals and bull pavement markings They help the driver navigate they assign the right-of-way

at intersections they indicate laws such as speed limits and parking regulations they advise of potential hazards they indicate passing and no passing zones and otherwise deliver information and to assure traffic is orderly and safe

Toll Roads

bull Early toll roads were usually built by private companies under a government franchise They typically paralleled or replaced routes already with some volume of commerce hoping the improved road would divert enough traffic to make the enterprise profitable (PPPBOTBOOT development)

JNNURMbull Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) the

most ambitious urban program in the history of India

1048708 JNNURM is a Government of India initiative aiming atencouraging reforms and fast track planned developmentof identified cities

1048708 Focus is on efficiency in urban infrastructure and servicedelivery mechanisms community participation andaccountability of Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) parastatal agencies towards citizens

1048708 Total support from GOI is Rs 50000 cr with matchingcontribution by citiesstates over next six years (2006-12)

1048708 Investment of around Rs 150000 cr envisaged

• Sourcing
• Slide 2
• Slide 3
• Offshoring Model
• Slide 5
• Business Models in Outsourcing and Offshore Services
• Road transport
• Slide 8
• Slide 9
• Slide 10
• Slide 11
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• The BL must contain the following information
• Licences
• Ingredient
• Traffic control
• Toll Roads
• JNNURM

bull A Bill of Lading issued by the shipper provides the basic document for road freight On cross-border transportation the trucker will present the cargo and documentation provided by the shipper to customs for inspection This also applies to shipments that are transported out of a Free port

bull A bill of lading (BL - sometimes referred to as BOL or BL) is a document issued by a carrier to a shipper acknowledging that specified goods have been received on board as cargo for conveyance to a named place for delivery to the consignee who is usually identified

bull A through bill of lading involves the use of at least two different modes of transport from road rail air and sea

bull The term derives from the verb to lade which means to load a cargo onto a ship or other form of transportation

bull A bill of lading can be used as a traded object The standard short form bill of lading is evidence of the contract of carriage of goods and it serves a number of purposes

bull It is evidence that a valid contract of carriage or a chartering contract exists and it may incorporate the full terms of the contract between the consignor and the carrier by reference (ie the short form simply refers to the main contract as an existing document whereas the long form of a bill of lading issued by the carrier sets out all the terms of the contract of carriage)

bull It is a receipt signed by the carrier confirming whether goods matching the contract description have been received in good condition and

bull It is also a document of transfer being freely transferable but not a negotiable instrument in the legal sense ie it governs all the legal aspects of physical carriage and like a cheque or other negotiable instrument it may be endorsed affecting ownership of the goods actually being carried

The BL must contain the following information

bull Name of the shipping company bull Flag of nationality bull Shippers name bull Order and notify party bull Description of goods bull Grossnettare weight and bull Freight ratemeasurements and

weighment of goodstotal freight

Licences

bull Truck drivers often need special licences to drive known

bull In US as a commercial drivers licensebull In UK a Large Goods Vehicle licencebull In India a Heavy Goods Vehicle licence is

required

Ingredientbull Today roadways are

principally asphalt (or Bitumen)or concrete Both are based on McAdams concept of stone aggregate in a binder asphalt cement or Portland cement respectively Asphalt is known as a flexible pavement one which slowly will flow under the pounding of traffic Concrete is a rigid pavement which can take heavier loads but is more expensive and requires more carefully prepared subbase So generally major roads are concrete and local roads are asphalt Often concrete roads are covered with a thin layer of asphalt to create a wearing surface

Traffic control

Nearly all roadways are built with devices meant to control traffic Most notable to the motorist are those meant to communicate directly with the driver Broadly these fall into three categories

bull signs bull signals and bull pavement markings They help the driver navigate they assign the right-of-way

at intersections they indicate laws such as speed limits and parking regulations they advise of potential hazards they indicate passing and no passing zones and otherwise deliver information and to assure traffic is orderly and safe

Toll Roads

bull Early toll roads were usually built by private companies under a government franchise They typically paralleled or replaced routes already with some volume of commerce hoping the improved road would divert enough traffic to make the enterprise profitable (PPPBOTBOOT development)

JNNURMbull Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) the

most ambitious urban program in the history of India

1048708 JNNURM is a Government of India initiative aiming atencouraging reforms and fast track planned developmentof identified cities

1048708 Focus is on efficiency in urban infrastructure and servicedelivery mechanisms community participation andaccountability of Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) parastatal agencies towards citizens

1048708 Total support from GOI is Rs 50000 cr with matchingcontribution by citiesstates over next six years (2006-12)

1048708 Investment of around Rs 150000 cr envisaged

• Sourcing
• Slide 2
• Slide 3
• Offshoring Model
• Slide 5
• Business Models in Outsourcing and Offshore Services
• Road transport
• Slide 8
• Slide 9
• Slide 10
• Slide 11
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• The BL must contain the following information
• Licences
• Ingredient
• Traffic control
• Toll Roads
• JNNURM

bull A bill of lading (BL - sometimes referred to as BOL or BL) is a document issued by a carrier to a shipper acknowledging that specified goods have been received on board as cargo for conveyance to a named place for delivery to the consignee who is usually identified

bull A through bill of lading involves the use of at least two different modes of transport from road rail air and sea

bull The term derives from the verb to lade which means to load a cargo onto a ship or other form of transportation

bull A bill of lading can be used as a traded object The standard short form bill of lading is evidence of the contract of carriage of goods and it serves a number of purposes

bull It is evidence that a valid contract of carriage or a chartering contract exists and it may incorporate the full terms of the contract between the consignor and the carrier by reference (ie the short form simply refers to the main contract as an existing document whereas the long form of a bill of lading issued by the carrier sets out all the terms of the contract of carriage)

bull It is a receipt signed by the carrier confirming whether goods matching the contract description have been received in good condition and

bull It is also a document of transfer being freely transferable but not a negotiable instrument in the legal sense ie it governs all the legal aspects of physical carriage and like a cheque or other negotiable instrument it may be endorsed affecting ownership of the goods actually being carried

The BL must contain the following information

bull Name of the shipping company bull Flag of nationality bull Shippers name bull Order and notify party bull Description of goods bull Grossnettare weight and bull Freight ratemeasurements and

weighment of goodstotal freight

Licences

bull Truck drivers often need special licences to drive known

bull In US as a commercial drivers licensebull In UK a Large Goods Vehicle licencebull In India a Heavy Goods Vehicle licence is

required

Ingredientbull Today roadways are

principally asphalt (or Bitumen)or concrete Both are based on McAdams concept of stone aggregate in a binder asphalt cement or Portland cement respectively Asphalt is known as a flexible pavement one which slowly will flow under the pounding of traffic Concrete is a rigid pavement which can take heavier loads but is more expensive and requires more carefully prepared subbase So generally major roads are concrete and local roads are asphalt Often concrete roads are covered with a thin layer of asphalt to create a wearing surface

Traffic control

Nearly all roadways are built with devices meant to control traffic Most notable to the motorist are those meant to communicate directly with the driver Broadly these fall into three categories

bull signs bull signals and bull pavement markings They help the driver navigate they assign the right-of-way

at intersections they indicate laws such as speed limits and parking regulations they advise of potential hazards they indicate passing and no passing zones and otherwise deliver information and to assure traffic is orderly and safe

Toll Roads

bull Early toll roads were usually built by private companies under a government franchise They typically paralleled or replaced routes already with some volume of commerce hoping the improved road would divert enough traffic to make the enterprise profitable (PPPBOTBOOT development)

JNNURMbull Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) the

most ambitious urban program in the history of India

1048708 JNNURM is a Government of India initiative aiming atencouraging reforms and fast track planned developmentof identified cities

1048708 Focus is on efficiency in urban infrastructure and servicedelivery mechanisms community participation andaccountability of Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) parastatal agencies towards citizens

1048708 Total support from GOI is Rs 50000 cr with matchingcontribution by citiesstates over next six years (2006-12)

1048708 Investment of around Rs 150000 cr envisaged

• Sourcing
• Slide 2
• Slide 3
• Offshoring Model
• Slide 5
• Business Models in Outsourcing and Offshore Services
• Road transport
• Slide 8
• Slide 9
• Slide 10
• Slide 11
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• The BL must contain the following information
• Licences
• Ingredient
• Traffic control
• Toll Roads
• JNNURM

bull It is evidence that a valid contract of carriage or a chartering contract exists and it may incorporate the full terms of the contract between the consignor and the carrier by reference (ie the short form simply refers to the main contract as an existing document whereas the long form of a bill of lading issued by the carrier sets out all the terms of the contract of carriage)

bull It is a receipt signed by the carrier confirming whether goods matching the contract description have been received in good condition and

bull It is also a document of transfer being freely transferable but not a negotiable instrument in the legal sense ie it governs all the legal aspects of physical carriage and like a cheque or other negotiable instrument it may be endorsed affecting ownership of the goods actually being carried

The BL must contain the following information

bull Name of the shipping company bull Flag of nationality bull Shippers name bull Order and notify party bull Description of goods bull Grossnettare weight and bull Freight ratemeasurements and

weighment of goodstotal freight

Licences

bull Truck drivers often need special licences to drive known

bull In US as a commercial drivers licensebull In UK a Large Goods Vehicle licencebull In India a Heavy Goods Vehicle licence is

required

Ingredientbull Today roadways are

principally asphalt (or Bitumen)or concrete Both are based on McAdams concept of stone aggregate in a binder asphalt cement or Portland cement respectively Asphalt is known as a flexible pavement one which slowly will flow under the pounding of traffic Concrete is a rigid pavement which can take heavier loads but is more expensive and requires more carefully prepared subbase So generally major roads are concrete and local roads are asphalt Often concrete roads are covered with a thin layer of asphalt to create a wearing surface

Traffic control

Nearly all roadways are built with devices meant to control traffic Most notable to the motorist are those meant to communicate directly with the driver Broadly these fall into three categories

bull signs bull signals and bull pavement markings They help the driver navigate they assign the right-of-way

at intersections they indicate laws such as speed limits and parking regulations they advise of potential hazards they indicate passing and no passing zones and otherwise deliver information and to assure traffic is orderly and safe

Toll Roads

bull Early toll roads were usually built by private companies under a government franchise They typically paralleled or replaced routes already with some volume of commerce hoping the improved road would divert enough traffic to make the enterprise profitable (PPPBOTBOOT development)

JNNURMbull Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) the

most ambitious urban program in the history of India

1048708 JNNURM is a Government of India initiative aiming atencouraging reforms and fast track planned developmentof identified cities

1048708 Focus is on efficiency in urban infrastructure and servicedelivery mechanisms community participation andaccountability of Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) parastatal agencies towards citizens

1048708 Total support from GOI is Rs 50000 cr with matchingcontribution by citiesstates over next six years (2006-12)

1048708 Investment of around Rs 150000 cr envisaged

• Sourcing
• Slide 2
• Slide 3
• Offshoring Model
• Slide 5
• Business Models in Outsourcing and Offshore Services
• Road transport
• Slide 8
• Slide 9
• Slide 10
• Slide 11
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• The BL must contain the following information
• Licences
• Ingredient
• Traffic control
• Toll Roads
• JNNURM

The BL must contain the following information

bull Name of the shipping company bull Flag of nationality bull Shippers name bull Order and notify party bull Description of goods bull Grossnettare weight and bull Freight ratemeasurements and

weighment of goodstotal freight

Licences

bull Truck drivers often need special licences to drive known

bull In US as a commercial drivers licensebull In UK a Large Goods Vehicle licencebull In India a Heavy Goods Vehicle licence is

required

Ingredientbull Today roadways are

principally asphalt (or Bitumen)or concrete Both are based on McAdams concept of stone aggregate in a binder asphalt cement or Portland cement respectively Asphalt is known as a flexible pavement one which slowly will flow under the pounding of traffic Concrete is a rigid pavement which can take heavier loads but is more expensive and requires more carefully prepared subbase So generally major roads are concrete and local roads are asphalt Often concrete roads are covered with a thin layer of asphalt to create a wearing surface

Traffic control

Nearly all roadways are built with devices meant to control traffic Most notable to the motorist are those meant to communicate directly with the driver Broadly these fall into three categories

bull signs bull signals and bull pavement markings They help the driver navigate they assign the right-of-way

at intersections they indicate laws such as speed limits and parking regulations they advise of potential hazards they indicate passing and no passing zones and otherwise deliver information and to assure traffic is orderly and safe

Toll Roads

bull Early toll roads were usually built by private companies under a government franchise They typically paralleled or replaced routes already with some volume of commerce hoping the improved road would divert enough traffic to make the enterprise profitable (PPPBOTBOOT development)

JNNURMbull Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) the

most ambitious urban program in the history of India

1048708 JNNURM is a Government of India initiative aiming atencouraging reforms and fast track planned developmentof identified cities

1048708 Focus is on efficiency in urban infrastructure and servicedelivery mechanisms community participation andaccountability of Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) parastatal agencies towards citizens

1048708 Total support from GOI is Rs 50000 cr with matchingcontribution by citiesstates over next six years (2006-12)

1048708 Investment of around Rs 150000 cr envisaged

• Sourcing
• Slide 2
• Slide 3
• Offshoring Model
• Slide 5
• Business Models in Outsourcing and Offshore Services
• Road transport
• Slide 8
• Slide 9
• Slide 10
• Slide 11
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• The BL must contain the following information
• Licences
• Ingredient
• Traffic control
• Toll Roads
• JNNURM

Licences

bull Truck drivers often need special licences to drive known

bull In US as a commercial drivers licensebull In UK a Large Goods Vehicle licencebull In India a Heavy Goods Vehicle licence is

required

Ingredientbull Today roadways are

principally asphalt (or Bitumen)or concrete Both are based on McAdams concept of stone aggregate in a binder asphalt cement or Portland cement respectively Asphalt is known as a flexible pavement one which slowly will flow under the pounding of traffic Concrete is a rigid pavement which can take heavier loads but is more expensive and requires more carefully prepared subbase So generally major roads are concrete and local roads are asphalt Often concrete roads are covered with a thin layer of asphalt to create a wearing surface

Traffic control

Nearly all roadways are built with devices meant to control traffic Most notable to the motorist are those meant to communicate directly with the driver Broadly these fall into three categories

bull signs bull signals and bull pavement markings They help the driver navigate they assign the right-of-way

at intersections they indicate laws such as speed limits and parking regulations they advise of potential hazards they indicate passing and no passing zones and otherwise deliver information and to assure traffic is orderly and safe

Toll Roads

bull Early toll roads were usually built by private companies under a government franchise They typically paralleled or replaced routes already with some volume of commerce hoping the improved road would divert enough traffic to make the enterprise profitable (PPPBOTBOOT development)

JNNURMbull Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) the

most ambitious urban program in the history of India

1048708 JNNURM is a Government of India initiative aiming atencouraging reforms and fast track planned developmentof identified cities

1048708 Focus is on efficiency in urban infrastructure and servicedelivery mechanisms community participation andaccountability of Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) parastatal agencies towards citizens

1048708 Total support from GOI is Rs 50000 cr with matchingcontribution by citiesstates over next six years (2006-12)

1048708 Investment of around Rs 150000 cr envisaged

• Sourcing
• Slide 2
• Slide 3
• Offshoring Model
• Slide 5
• Business Models in Outsourcing and Offshore Services
• Road transport
• Slide 8
• Slide 9
• Slide 10
• Slide 11
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• The BL must contain the following information
• Licences
• Ingredient
• Traffic control
• Toll Roads
• JNNURM

Ingredientbull Today roadways are

principally asphalt (or Bitumen)or concrete Both are based on McAdams concept of stone aggregate in a binder asphalt cement or Portland cement respectively Asphalt is known as a flexible pavement one which slowly will flow under the pounding of traffic Concrete is a rigid pavement which can take heavier loads but is more expensive and requires more carefully prepared subbase So generally major roads are concrete and local roads are asphalt Often concrete roads are covered with a thin layer of asphalt to create a wearing surface

Traffic control

Nearly all roadways are built with devices meant to control traffic Most notable to the motorist are those meant to communicate directly with the driver Broadly these fall into three categories

bull signs bull signals and bull pavement markings They help the driver navigate they assign the right-of-way

at intersections they indicate laws such as speed limits and parking regulations they advise of potential hazards they indicate passing and no passing zones and otherwise deliver information and to assure traffic is orderly and safe

Toll Roads

bull Early toll roads were usually built by private companies under a government franchise They typically paralleled or replaced routes already with some volume of commerce hoping the improved road would divert enough traffic to make the enterprise profitable (PPPBOTBOOT development)

JNNURMbull Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) the

most ambitious urban program in the history of India

1048708 JNNURM is a Government of India initiative aiming atencouraging reforms and fast track planned developmentof identified cities

1048708 Focus is on efficiency in urban infrastructure and servicedelivery mechanisms community participation andaccountability of Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) parastatal agencies towards citizens

1048708 Total support from GOI is Rs 50000 cr with matchingcontribution by citiesstates over next six years (2006-12)

1048708 Investment of around Rs 150000 cr envisaged

• Sourcing
• Slide 2
• Slide 3
• Offshoring Model
• Slide 5
• Business Models in Outsourcing and Offshore Services
• Road transport
• Slide 8
• Slide 9
• Slide 10
• Slide 11
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• The BL must contain the following information
• Licences
• Ingredient
• Traffic control
• Toll Roads
• JNNURM

Traffic control

Nearly all roadways are built with devices meant to control traffic Most notable to the motorist are those meant to communicate directly with the driver Broadly these fall into three categories

bull signs bull signals and bull pavement markings They help the driver navigate they assign the right-of-way

at intersections they indicate laws such as speed limits and parking regulations they advise of potential hazards they indicate passing and no passing zones and otherwise deliver information and to assure traffic is orderly and safe

Toll Roads

bull Early toll roads were usually built by private companies under a government franchise They typically paralleled or replaced routes already with some volume of commerce hoping the improved road would divert enough traffic to make the enterprise profitable (PPPBOTBOOT development)

JNNURMbull Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) the

most ambitious urban program in the history of India

1048708 JNNURM is a Government of India initiative aiming atencouraging reforms and fast track planned developmentof identified cities

1048708 Focus is on efficiency in urban infrastructure and servicedelivery mechanisms community participation andaccountability of Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) parastatal agencies towards citizens

1048708 Total support from GOI is Rs 50000 cr with matchingcontribution by citiesstates over next six years (2006-12)

1048708 Investment of around Rs 150000 cr envisaged

• Sourcing
• Slide 2
• Slide 3
• Offshoring Model
• Slide 5
• Business Models in Outsourcing and Offshore Services
• Road transport
• Slide 8
• Slide 9
• Slide 10
• Slide 11
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• The BL must contain the following information
• Licences
• Ingredient
• Traffic control
• Toll Roads
• JNNURM

Toll Roads

bull Early toll roads were usually built by private companies under a government franchise They typically paralleled or replaced routes already with some volume of commerce hoping the improved road would divert enough traffic to make the enterprise profitable (PPPBOTBOOT development)

JNNURMbull Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) the

most ambitious urban program in the history of India

1048708 JNNURM is a Government of India initiative aiming atencouraging reforms and fast track planned developmentof identified cities

1048708 Focus is on efficiency in urban infrastructure and servicedelivery mechanisms community participation andaccountability of Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) parastatal agencies towards citizens

1048708 Total support from GOI is Rs 50000 cr with matchingcontribution by citiesstates over next six years (2006-12)

1048708 Investment of around Rs 150000 cr envisaged

• Sourcing
• Slide 2
• Slide 3
• Offshoring Model
• Slide 5
• Business Models in Outsourcing and Offshore Services
• Road transport
• Slide 8
• Slide 9
• Slide 10
• Slide 11
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• The BL must contain the following information
• Licences
• Ingredient
• Traffic control
• Toll Roads
• JNNURM

JNNURMbull Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) the

most ambitious urban program in the history of India

1048708 JNNURM is a Government of India initiative aiming atencouraging reforms and fast track planned developmentof identified cities

1048708 Focus is on efficiency in urban infrastructure and servicedelivery mechanisms community participation andaccountability of Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) parastatal agencies towards citizens

1048708 Total support from GOI is Rs 50000 cr with matchingcontribution by citiesstates over next six years (2006-12)

1048708 Investment of around Rs 150000 cr envisaged

• Sourcing
• Slide 2
• Slide 3
• Offshoring Model
• Slide 5
• Business Models in Outsourcing and Offshore Services
• Road transport
• Slide 8
• Slide 9
• Slide 10
• Slide 11
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• The BL must contain the following information
• Licences
• Ingredient
• Traffic control
• Toll Roads
• JNNURM