Session 16 Windows 7 Professional DNS & Active Directory
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Transcript of Session 16 Windows 7 Professional DNS & Active Directory
Fall 2011Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems
Session 16Windows 7 Professional DNS & Active Directory
1
Fall 2011Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems
Session 16Windows 7 Professional
Configuring TCP/IP Addressing & Name Resolution
2
Overview
• Configuring IP Addresses• Troubleshooting IP Addresses• Determining TCP/IP Name Resolution
Methods• Configuring a DNS and WINS Client• Connecting to a Remote Host
Fall 2011 3Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems
Configuring IP Addresses
• Assigning Static IP Addresses• Overview of Dynamic Address
Assignment• Using DHCP to Automate IP Address
Assignments• Enabling Alternate IP Configuration
Fall 2011 4Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems
Assigning Static IP Addresses
Client with Static
Addressing
Specifies192.168.2.15
Specifies192.168.2.15
Fall 2011 5Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems
Overview of Dynamic Address Assignment
Yes
Assign an IPaddress
Assign an IPaddress
Assign alternateIP address
Assign alternateIP address
Yes
NoAutomatic
PrivateIP addressgenerates IP address
Automatic Private
IP addressgenerates IP address
NoIs alternate IP configured?
Is alternate IP configured?
Request for IP address
Request for IP address
Is DHCPavailable?Is DHCP
available?
• Dynamic address• Alternate static address• Automatic Private IP Address
Client with Dynamic
Addressing
DHCPServer
Fall 2011 6Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems
Using DHCP to Automate IP Address Assignments
Fall 2011 7Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems
Troubleshooting IP Addresses
• Using TCP/IP Troubleshooting Utilities• Using ipconfig to Troubleshoot IP
Addressing• Using ping to Troubleshoot IP
Addressing• Using tracert to See Packet Traversal
Fall 2011 9Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems
Using TCP/IP Troubleshooting Utilities
• arp• hostname• ipconfig• ping• pathping• tracert
Fall 2011 10Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems
Using ipconfig to Troubleshoot IP Addressing
Fall 2011 11Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems
Using ping to Troubleshoot IP Addressing
Testing IP ConfigurationTesting IP ConfigurationTesting IP ConfigurationTesting IP Configuration
Ping 127.0.0.1 (Loopback Address)
Ping IP address of the computer
Ping IP address of the default gateway
Ping IP address of the remote host
Fall 2011 12Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems
Lab A: Configuring IP Addresses for Windows XP
Professional
Fall 2011 13Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems
Determining TCP/IP Name Resolution Methods
• Types of Names• Mapping Names: Dynamic or Static
Tables• Dynamic IP Mapping• Static IP Mapping• Selecting a Name Resolution Method• Host Name Resolution Process• NetBIOS Name Resolution Process
Fall 2011 14Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems
Types of Names
Host nameHost name
Assigned to a computer’s IP address
Up to 255 characters in length
Can contain alphabetic and numeric characters, hyphens, and periods
Together with the domain name creates a fully qualified domain name
Assigned to a computer’s IP address
Up to 255 characters in length
Can contain alphabetic and numeric characters, hyphens, and periods
Together with the domain name creates a fully qualified domain name
16-byte address
15 of the bytes may be used for the name
16th byte is used by the services that a computer offers to the network
16-byte address
15 of the bytes may be used for the name
16th byte is used by the services that a computer offers to the network
NetBIOS nameNetBIOS name
Fall 2011 15Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems
Mapping Names: Dynamic or Static Tables
NetBIOS name to IPHost name to IP
Statictables
HOSTS fileHOSTS file LMHOSTS fileLMHOSTS file
Dynamictables
DNS serverDNS server WINS serverWINS server
Fall 2011 16Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems
Dynamic IP Mapping
A system for naming computers and network services
Naming system is organized in a hierarchical fashion
Maps domain names to IP address
Mapping records are stored on a DNS server
A system for naming computers and network services
Naming system is organized in a hierarchical fashion
Maps domain names to IP address
Mapping records are stored on a DNS server
Provides a distributed database for registering dynamic mappings of NetBIOS names
Maps NetBIOS names to IP addresses
Provides a distributed database for registering dynamic mappings of NetBIOS names
Maps NetBIOS names to IP addresses
DNS serverDNS server
WINS serverWINS server
Fall 2011 17Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems
Static IP Mapping
Provides name resolution for host name to IP address
Multiple host names can be assigned to the same IP address
Provides name resolution for host name to IP address
Multiple host names can be assigned to the same IP address
Provides name resolution for NetBIOS name to IP address
A Part of the LMHOSTS file ispre-loaded into memory
One IP per NetBIOS name; names can be a single device or a group
Provides name resolution for NetBIOS name to IP address
A Part of the LMHOSTS file ispre-loaded into memory
One IP per NetBIOS name; names can be a single device or a group
HOSTS fileHOSTS file
LMHOSTS fileLMHOSTS file
Fall 2011 18Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems
Selecting a Name Resolution Method
DNS serverDNS server
WINS serverWINS server
DNS is required when:
Client is a member of the active directory domain
Client needs to communicate over the Internet
DNS is required when:
Client is a member of the active directory domain
Client needs to communicate over the Internet
WINS is required when:
Client is a member of a Windows NT 4.0 or earlier domain
Client applications or services require NetBIOS name resolution
WINS is required when:
Client is a member of a Windows NT 4.0 or earlier domain
Client applications or services require NetBIOS name resolution
Fall 2011 19Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems
Host Name Resolution Process
Enter commandEnter command1111
Local host nameLocal host name2222
DNS serverDNS server5555
WINS serverWINS server7777
LMHOSTSfile
LMHOSTSfile9999
NetBIOS name cacheNetBIOS name cache6666
HOSTSfile
HOSTSfile
4444
8888 BroadcastBroadcast
AA
DNS cacheDNS cache3333
Fall 2011 20Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems
NetBIOS Name Resolution Process
NetBIOS name cacheNetBIOS name cache2222
WINS serverWINS server3333
BroadcastBroadcast4444
DNS serverDNS server7777
HOSTSfile
HOSTSfile
6666
LMHOSTSfile
LMHOSTSfile
5555
Enter commandEnter command1111
AA
Fall 2011 21Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems
Configuring a DNS and WINS Client
• Specifying Host Names, Domain Names, and Connection-Specific Names
• Configuring a DNS Client• Specifying Additional DNS Servers• Configuring DNS Query Settings• Configuring DHCP to Dynamically Update
DNS• Troubleshooting DNS Name Resolution• Configuring a WINS Client
Fall 2011 22Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems
Specifying Host Names, Domain Names, and
Connection-Specific Names
Fall 2011 23Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems
Configuring DHCP to Dynamically Update DNS
DHCP registered DHCP registered DHCP registered DHCP registered Client registeredClient registeredClient registeredClient registered
DHCPdynamic update
DHCPdynamic update
Clientdynamic update
Clientdynamic update
DNS Server
DHCP ServerComputer1Static or Dynamic
Request for IP addressRequest for IP addressRequest for IP addressRequest for IP address11
Assign IP addressAssign IP address of 192.168.120.133 of 192.168.120.133 Assign IP addressAssign IP address
of 192.168.120.133 of 192.168.120.133
22
33 33
DNS databaseDNS database
Computer1 192.168.120.133
Computer1 192.168.120.133
Fall 2011 27Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems
Troubleshooting DNS Name Resolution
1111Use nslookup command
2222Change the host name resolution configuration
Fall 2011 28Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems
Configuring a WINS ClientManual configurationManual configurationManual configurationManual configuration Automatic configurationAutomatic configurationAutomatic configurationAutomatic configuration
DHCP clients
DHCPserver
Fall 2011 29Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems
Lab B: Configuring the DNS Client for Windows XP
Professional
Fall 2011 30Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems
Connecting to a Remote Host
• Working with FTP• Working with Telnet• Using HyperTerminal
Fall 2011 31Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems
Working with FTP
Commandline clientCommandline client
Windows Explorergraphical client
Windows Explorergraphical client
Windows XP Professional provides various client FTP interfaces along with the tools for hosting FTP sites by using IIS
Windows XP Professional provides various client FTP interfaces along with the tools for hosting FTP sites by using IIS
Fall 2011 32Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems
Working with Telnet
Telnet server:
Telnet client: Issuing UNIX commands
UNIX serverTelnet server
Windows XP ProfessionalTelnet client
UNIX workstationTelnet client
Windows XP ProfessionalTelnet server
Issuing Telnet commands
Fall 2011 33Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems
SSH & Putty
• Secure Shell Host• Putty - http://www.putty.org/
Fall 2011Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems 35
Review
• Configuring IP Addresses• Troubleshooting IP Addresses• Determining TCP/IP Name Resolution
Methods• Configuring a DNS and WINS Client• Connecting to a Remote Host
Fall 2011 36Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems