Session 1- The Hospitality and Tourism Context

8/12/2019 Session 1- The Hospitality and Tourism Context

1/25

Session 1


2/25

Dr Hadyn Ingram


3/25


4/25

To expose and to help students understandand analyse: the nature and extent of the hospitality and tourism

context: breadth and scope

its homogeneous products and heterogeneity its simplicity and complexity

its systems and people processes

its customers and their needs and wants

its management issues

4


5/25


6/25

Tourism is travel for recreational, leisure orbusiness purposes.

The World Tourism Organisationdefinestourism as travelling to and staying in placesoutside their usual environment for not morethan one consecutive year for leisure,business and other purposes. World Tourism Organisation (1995), UNWTO technical manual: collection

of tourism expenditure statistics, page 14.

6


7/25

comprised of commercial organisations thatspecialise in providing accommodationand/or food, and/or drink through avoluntary human exchange, which is

contemporaneous in nature and undertakento enhance the mutual well being of theparties concerned.

(Lashley and Morrison (eds.), 2000:143)

7


8/25

From Latin com (together) textere(weave) A weaving together, woven together

(Websters Comprehensive Dictionary, 1971: 28).

Background, circumstances, environment,

frame of reference, milieu, position, setting,situation, surroundings (Oxford Compact Dictionary, 1997: 156).

8


9/25

Interrelated and interdependent networks: Tour operators, travel agents and tourism

organisations

Travel and transport operators

Leisure, recreation and entertainment venue Restaurants, bars, clubs and cafs

Hotels, resorts, motels, camping grounds, bed andbreakfast (B&B) establishments and hostels

Source: Kandampully, 2007

9


10/2510

Source: Johnson et al. (2011: 49)


11/25

Genuinely hospitable Reciprocal motives: entertaining others

Vanity: showing off

Profit motive.

Like a doctor or nurse, do you have to c re

11


12/25

12

PRIVATE COMMERCIAL

SOCIAL

HostPhysiological.Psychological needs

Dealing with strangersStatus and prestige

Making a surplusProduct, marketlimitations

Source: Lashley and Morrison (2001:4)


13/25

Travel and transport Accommodation (lodging)

Food and beverages

Entertainment and recreation

Tourism offices or destination managementorganisations (DMOs)

Nongovernmental tourism organisations

Source: Okumus, 2010: 23

13


14/25

Type Accommodation= hotels, motels, villas, timeshare

Quality Star rating, market (e.g. Budget)

Size Small, medium, large (SMEs dominate worldwide)

Geography Regions

Location Resort, city centre, rural

Ownership Independent, branded, franchised

14


15/25

SIC Codes 2007 55.10: Hotels and similar accommodation 55.20: Holiday and other short stay accommodation 56.10: Restaurants and mobile food service activities 56.21: Event catering activities

56.29: Other food service activities 56.30: Beverage serving activities 79.11: Travel agency activities 79.12 Tour operator activities 79.90: Other reservations service and related activities 82.30: Convention and trade show organisers 92.00: Gambling and betting activities 93.21: Activities of amusement parks and theme parks

15


16/25

OK, what exactly is the scope of hospitalityand tourism?

With the person next to you, prepare a listof the different types of hospitality andtourism organisations

You have 10 minutes to make your list.

16


17/25

Hospitality and tourism occurs in a place orvenue or destination Minimalist view: about accommodation, food, drink

and experience

Is hospitality and tourism mere retailing? Goods and services are consumed in the venue, and

in retailing, goods consumed elsewhere

Managers involved in context of consumption and

the management of consumption, but not inretailing

17


18/25

Inseparability (customer participates in serviceprocess)

Simultaneity (services created and consumed atsame time)

Perishability(services cannot be stored)

Tangibility(tangible and intangible components)

Heterogeneity(services vary considerably)

Cost structure (high investment and fixed costs) Labour intensive (rely on people to deliver

services)

18


19/25

19

Free-standing

hospitality

businesses

Hospitality in

leisure venues

Hospitality in

travel venues

Subsidised

hospitality

Hotels Casinos Airports Workplaces

Holiday centres Bingo clubs Rail stations Health care

Quasi hotels Night clubs Bus stations Education

Cruise ships Cinemas Ferry terminals Military

Time-share Theatres Aeroplanes Custodial

Bars Sports stadia Trains Retailers

Restaurants Theme parks Ferries

Attractions

Health clubs

(Source: DrKW, 2001)

(Source: DrKW, 2001)


20/25

20

SUCCESSFULHOSPITALITYCOMPANIES

Fast food Restaurants

HotelsPubs

Source: Brotherton (2000: 9)


21/25

Arrivals grew by 4.4% in 2011 to 980,000,000and set to reach one billion in 2012

Receipts exceeded $US one trillion in 2011 Source: http://mkt.unwto.org/(accessed 7 June 2012)

21
http://mkt.unwto.org/http://mkt.unwto.org/


22/25

Hospitality contributed $30.1 billion in 2007 Tourism contributed 43.7 billion in 2009

(3.9% of GDP)

Forecast in 2020 73.2 billion, supporting1.2 million jobs. Direct and indirect benefits158.4 billion, 8.6% GDP and supporting 2.4million jobs

Source: The hospitality, leisure, travel and tourism Industry, (Covered by

the Sector Skills Council People 1st), Leicester and Leicestershire SectorSpecific Labour Market Intelligence, 7/5/11, accessed 11thJune 2012

22


23/25

57% female 45% part time

44% under 30 years of age

Younger, transient workforce 30% bar staff and 40% waiting staff are

students

23


24/25

Context is complex and not clear-cut Definitions are confusing

Not well researched

Characterised by SMEs Operations-centred

Important and growing

Workforce young and transient

People at the heart of the process

24


25/25

Look at the websitewww.peartreeapartments.co.ukand get a feelfor what type of business it is

Salisbury Where is it?

What is it famous for?

What sort of hotel and tourism market is it?

Be prepared to answer questions and find outmore.

25
http://www.peartreeapartments.co.uk/http://www.peartreeapartments.co.uk/

Session 1- The Hospitality and Tourism Context

Documents

Transcript of Session 1- The Hospitality and Tourism Context