Sesi 2 - Communication Field 2015 - Taufan Akbari (1)
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Transcript of Sesi 2 - Communication Field 2015 - Taufan Akbari (1)
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Communication Field
and Models
Session 2 Introduction to Communication Science
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Session 2 - Syllabus
1. Communication Field and Models
2. History of Communication : A Brief History of Communication
3. Chronology of Media Development
4. Early Communication Study
5. Rhetoric and Speech
6. Interdisciplinary Growth
7. Definition and Importance of Listening
8. Guidelines for Delivery
9. Practicing Your Presentation
Discussing field of communication study from early period
until today.
Discussing communication skills and disciplines related to
career options
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After completing this lesson, you will
understand why
Communication is one of the oldest yet
newest disciplines.
Early Greeks saw communication theory andpractice as critical.
The popularity of communication is a mixed
blessing. Communication is an activity, a social science,
a liberal art, and a profession.
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Cave drawings were
murals that people
painted onto the walls
of caves and canyons
to tell the story oftheir culture.
Drums were one
way to send signals
to neighboring
tribes and groups.
Smoke signals were
another way to send
messages to people who
were not close enough to
use words with
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Printing Press
POWER PRESS
1600S
Johann
Gutenburg
invented an
actual printing
press.
Romedeveloped
a printing
press in
1965.
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The idea for the
electric telegraph
was thought of on
the ship Scully
In 1837,
Samuel
Finley
invented
thetelegraph
( DOT = * DASH = - LONG DASH = ---- )
CHARACTER: MORSE
CODE CONTINENTAL CODE
A * - * -
B - * * * - * * *
C * * * - * - *
D - * * - * *
E * *
F * - * * * - *
Example
of Morse
Code
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Television
makes it
possible to
teach lessons
for kids
Alexander Graham
Bell invented thetelephone in
Boston, in 1876
d l l d
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Konrad Zuse is popularly recognized
in Germany as the "father of
computer"
Programmable
automation system
build between 1936
and 1938
The ENIAC (the
Electronic
Numerical
Integrator and
Computer) was
built at the MooreSchool of Electrical
Engineering of the
University of
Pennsylvania in
1943-1945
What will computers be like in the
future? They only thing we can be sure
of is that they will be smaller, faster,
more affordable, and will be able to
process and store more and more
information.
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Seven Milestones in Human
Communication
Language
Writing
Printing
Telephone and Telegraph
Photography and Motion Pictures
Radio and Television
Computers and The Internet
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Chronology of Media Development
100 The Chinese invent paper
700 Arab traders introduce paper to the West
1445 Gutenberg invents movable type and
publishes the Gutenberg Bible (in 1455)
1641 First book published
1640s Diurnos, first daily newspapers, published
1731 First magazine published
1792 Telegraph
1835 Camera
1843 Facsimile
1876 Telephone
1895 Film
1905 Radio
1925 Television
hide 1445 Gutenberg invents
movable type
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Chronology of Media Development
1951 Digital computers are developed
1956 Magnetic videotape
1965 Computers
1975 Videodisc
1978 VCR (Video Cassette Recorder)
1982 Audio Compact Disc 1985 CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read Only Memory)
1985 Digital video
1996 DVD-Video (Digital Versatile Disc)
1997 DVD-ROM (Read Only Memory, DVD-RAM)
Today: Digital electronic information delivery
is the standard for all media
hide
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essaywriting about 3000B.C offers adviceon How to speak Effectively
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The beginning of systematic theorydevelopment in communication can be traced
to the Greeks.
Lawsuits were common in Athens, and as result,
PUBLIC SPEAKING in legal context became apreoccupation.
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Rhetoric and Speech
1
st
theory of communication was developed in Greece
Corax and his student Illias:
- persuasion could be thought as an art
and provided encouragement for
instructors of what was called Rhetoric.
- develop the concept of message organization:
3 parts in corresponding introduction, body,
conclusion.
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early NEWSpaper
Early newspaper were a mixture of newsletter,
proclamations, political information, and
describing various events like speech and
rhetoric.
The mid 1600s: modern form of newspaper.
1st paper published in US, Publick Occurences
Both Foreign and Domestick, appeared in1690 (Boston).
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In the early 20h century, speech
became a discipline study (1910)
The practice of journalism also
help the growth of courses and
academic study of journalism and
media in universities
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In the 1940-1950, the scope of field
communication broadened and extend
with other social science (politics,
sociology, psychology, anthropology)
Anthropology (non verbal & intercultural
communication), psychology
(persuasion, attitudes, social influence),
politics (rhetoric, propaganda),
language (semiotics, linguistic), art
(theater, performing arts)
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The field of communicationstudy start to expand and
specialized (1970-1980)
Interpersonal, group,
organizational, political,
international, intercultural,
public and mass
communication
And also distinct areas of
study such as public
relations, advertising,
journalism, marketing comm
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In the 1990s, we live ininformation age, which
communication &
information technology play
an important role in oursociety
News and converging
media were fundamental to
our lives and information
technology have its impact
on human behavior
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Information Society
hide
Screen-based
generation!
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Communication Skill
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hide
Effective communication skills
are a critical element in your
career and personal lives.
We all must use a variety of
communication techniques toboth understand and be
understood.
Communication Skills Overview
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hide
Communication Goals
To change behavior
To get action
To ensure understandingTo persuade
To get and give
Information
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What will you learn in this
session?
Presenting
Listening
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Why listening is very important in
communication process?
1) The most basic level, listening is just as important level
as speaking.2) We spend more time listening than others.
3) Misunderstanding or misinterpretation of others words
greatly impact our communication.
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hide
1. We have the ability to listen to soundspatterns and translate their meaning
into languages
Importance of Listening
2. Listening behaviors can also
determine social and professional
success.3. Listening is an effectivecommunication tools in our life.
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Listening is actually a
complex process involvingfour elements:
- Hearing- Attention
- Understanding
- Remembering
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Listening and Hearing Are Not
The Same ThingHearing is the process in which sound waves
strike the eardrum and cause vibrations that
are transmitted to the brain.
Listening occurs when the brain reconstructs
these electrochemical impulses into arepresentation of the original sound and then
gives them meaning
Understanding Hum an Communicat ion, Ronald B. Ad ler and George Rodm an
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Hearing
First element is hearing,
which is the automaticphysiological process of
receiving aural stimuli
Attention
Concentration as one of the most
important aspects of listening.
Concentration is really just
paying close attention
Understanding
Understanding refers to the
process whereby we assignmeaning to the words we hear
that closely corresponds to the
meaning intended by the
person sending the message
Remembering
Remembering is the storing ofinformation for later retrieval.
1. Short Term Memory
2. Long Term Memory
T f Li t i
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These four are not the exclusive but merelyrepresentative:
-Pleasurable Listening -Discriminative Listening
-Critical Listening - mphatic Listening
Types of Listening
H t I Li t i
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1)Listen Effectively2) Pay Attention3) Listen for Main Points or Ideas
4) Use Your Spare Time5) Aerobic Listening
How to Improve Listening
P ti
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Presenting
orDelivering
G id li f D li
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Visual Aspects of Delivery:
AppearanceMovement
PostureFacial
ExpressionEye Contact
Guidelines for Delivery
G id li f D li
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Guidelines for Delivery
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Auditory Aspects of Delivery:
VolumeRate
PitchArticulation
Guidelines for Delivery
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Practicing Your Presentation
1. Simulate the presentation setting
2. Practice aloud
3. Practice standing up
4. Time your presentation
5. Memorize your sentences
6. Watch yourself in a mirror
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Any Question?