SER and ESTAR

SER and ESTARSER and ESTAR

““to be”to be”

SER = TO BESER = TO BE

When we speak English, we are When we speak English, we are constantly conjugating verbs.constantly conjugating verbs.

Conjugating means changing the form of Conjugating means changing the form of the verb to fit with the subject.the verb to fit with the subject.


So when you want to use “I” as your So when you want to use “I” as your subject and want to use “to be” as the subject and want to use “to be” as the

verb, you say verb, you say “I am.”“I am.”


In English, “To Be” In English, “To Be” is conjugated in is conjugated in this way this way In English, you are In English, you are changing the verb changing the verb each time each time depending on the depending on the subject.subject.SAME WITH SAME WITH SPANISH! SPANISH!

I AM

WE ARE

YOU ARE

X

HE / SHE/ IT IS

THEY ARE


First, it is important to know the First, it is important to know the subjects in English.subjects in English.

I

We

You

X

He/ she/ it

they


Then, it is important to know the Then, it is important to know the subjects in Spanish.subjects in Spanish.

I = yo

We = nosotros/nosotras

You = tú

X

He/ she/ you(formal)=él/ ella/ Usted

ellos (they masc)they = ellas (they fem) ustedes (all of you)

To RunTo Run

I run I run We runWe run

You runYou run XX

He/ she/ you(formal) He/ she/ you(formal) runsruns

they runthey run

I = yoI = yo We = nosotrosWe = nosotros

You = túYou = tú

INFORMALINFORMAL XX

He/ she/ you(formal)=He/ she/ you(formal)=

éél/ ella/ Ustedl/ ella/ Usted

they = ellos / ellas/ they = ellos / ellas/ ustedes (all of you)ustedes (all of you)


““Ser” changes its form based on its Ser” changes its form based on its subject.subject.

Remember “Soy de Richboro.”….Remember “Soy de Richboro.”….


Yo Yo SOYSOY

(means I AM)(means I AM)

Nosotros Nosotros SOMOSSOMOS

(means WE ARE)(means WE ARE)

Tú Tú ERESERES

(means YOU ARE)(means YOU ARE)

XX

éél/ ella/ Usted l/ ella/ Usted ESES

(means HE IS, (means HE IS,

SHE IS, you formal SHE IS, you formal ARE)ARE)

ellos / ellas/ ustedes ellos / ellas/ ustedes SONSON

(means THEY (masc) ARE, (means THEY (masc) ARE, THEY (fem) ARE, ALL OF THEY (fem) ARE, ALL OF

YOU ARE)YOU ARE)


1.1. So, what does “Soy de Richboro” So, what does “Soy de Richboro” mean?mean?

I am from RichboroI am from Richboro

What does “Eres de Richboro” mean? What does “Eres de Richboro” mean?

You are from Richboro.You are from Richboro.

What does “Somos de Richboro” mean? What does “Somos de Richboro” mean?

We are from Richboro.We are from Richboro.

ESTAR = to beESTAR = to be

For now, you simply need to know that For now, you simply need to know that SER is for more permanent things, and SER is for more permanent things, and ESTAR is for things that change, like ESTAR is for things that change, like location and feelings.location and feelings.

PrácticaPráctica

1. “I am from Pennsylvania.” ____________________________.

2.“We are from Council Rock.” ____________________________.

3. “Where are you from?” _______________________________.

4. “Where are they from?” ________________________________

PrácticaPráctica

1. “I am from Pennsylvania.”

Yo soy de Pensilvania

2.“We are from Council Rock.”

Nosotros somos de Council Rock.

3. “Where are you from?”

¿De dónde eres tú?

4. “Where are they from?”

¿De dónde son (ellos)?

AGUAS! (careful)AGUAS! (careful)

What if your subject does not specifically What if your subject does not specifically say yo, tú, él, ella, usted, nosotros, or say yo, tú, él, ella, usted, nosotros, or ellos, ellas, ustedes?!?!?!?!ellos, ellas, ustedes?!?!?!?!

you must you must consider what the subject isconsider what the subject is. . For example, if you want to say Juan is For example, if you want to say Juan is tall, you must think of tall, you must think of JuanJuan as being as being “He,” and “He,” and use the “he” formuse the “he” form, because it , because it is third person singular. is third person singular.

AGUAS! (Careful)AGUAS! (Careful)

So you would say “Juan So you would say “Juan es altoes alto.” .”

““es” is the third person singular form of es” is the third person singular form of SER.SER.


What does “we” mean? It means “he and What does “we” mean? It means “he and I” or “you and I” or “they and I.” I” or “you and I” or “they and I.”

So if you ever see something like “Ellos y So if you ever see something like “Ellos y yo” or “Tú y yo” or “Carla y yo”, what yo” or “Tú y yo” or “Carla y yo”, what form should you use? The “We” form! form should you use? The “We” form!


So “You and I are from Richboro” would So “You and I are from Richboro” would be Tú y yo be Tú y yo somos de Richborosomos de Richboro.”.”

“ “somos” is the “we” form of SER.somos” is the “we” form of SER.

PrácticaPráctica

1. Carlos _______________ tenista. (Ser)

2. Ellas _______________ francesas. (Ser)

3. El perro _______________ grande. (Ser)

4. Yo no _______________ marinero. (Ser)

PrácticaPráctica

1. Carlos _es_ tenista. (Ser)

2. Ellas _ son _ francesas. (Ser)

3. El perro _ es _ grande. (Ser)

4. Yo no _ soy__ marinero. (Ser)

1.1. Él ______Él ______

2.2. Las chicas _______Las chicas _______

3.3. Nosotros _________Nosotros _________

4.4. Mi madre ___________Mi madre ___________

5.5. Mis amigos ____________Mis amigos ____________

6.6. Yo ___________Yo ___________

7.7. Tú _________Tú _________

8.8. Usted ___________Usted ___________

9.9. Ustedes ____________Ustedes ____________

1.1. He is ____________He is ____________

2.2. They are (fem) _______________They are (fem) _______________

3.3. All of you/you guys are ____________All of you/you guys are ____________

4.4. She is _______________She is _______________

5.5. We are ____________We are ____________

6.6. John and I are _____________John and I are _____________

7.7. Pedro and Amalia are ______________Pedro and Amalia are ______________

8.8. I am _______________I am _______________

9.9. Are you? ________________Are you? ________________

10.10.You formal are ___________________You formal are ___________________

ESTARESTAR

But now that you know how to But now that you know how to conjugate SER, let’s see how you conjugate SER, let’s see how you do with ESTAR!!!do with ESTAR!!!

ESTARESTAR

The subjects do not change.The subjects do not change.

I = yoI = yo We = nosotrosWe = nosotros

You = túYou = tú XXHe/ she/ He/ she/

you(formal)=you(formal)=

éél/ ella/ Ustedl/ ella/ Usted

they = ellos / ellas/ they = ellos / ellas/ ustedesustedes

ESTARESTAR

However, the formation is a bit different.However, the formation is a bit different.

Yo Yo ESTOYESTOY Nosotros Nosotros ESTAMOSESTAMOS

Tú Tú ESTESTÁÁSS XX

ÉÉl/ ella/ Usted l/ ella/ Usted ESTESTÁÁ ellos / ellas/ ustedes ellos / ellas/ ustedes ESTESTÁNÁN

ESTARESTAR

You already have heard one form of You already have heard one form of “ESTAR.”“ESTAR.”

Do you remember what it is?Do you remember what it is?

ESTARESTAR

Oh, Sí! “¿Cómo estás?”Oh, Sí! “¿Cómo estás?”

That means “How are you?”That means “How are you?”

Estás is the “tú” form, which is “you,”Estás is the “tú” form, which is “you,”so the question is finding out how “you are so the question is finding out how “you are / are you.”/ are you.”

ESTARESTARYo Yo ESTOYESTOY

(means I am)(means I am)

Nosotros Nosotros ESTAMOSESTAMOS

(means we are)(means we are)

Tú Tú ESTESTÁÁSS

(means you are)(means you are)

XX

éél/ ella/ Usted l/ ella/ Usted ESTESTÁÁ

(means he is, she (means he is, she is, you formal are)is, you formal are)

ellos / ellas/ ustedes ellos / ellas/ ustedes ESTESTÁNÁN

(means they are (means they are [masc], they are [masc], they are

[fem], all of you are[fem], all of you are

ESTARESTAR

Based on the chart:Based on the chart:

1.1. How would you say, “I am fine, thanks.”How would you say, “I am fine, thanks.”

2.2. How would you say, “We are fine.”How would you say, “We are fine.”

3.3. How would you say, “Are you okay?”How would you say, “Are you okay?”

4.4. How would you say, “You are doing so-How would you say, “You are doing so-so.”so.”

AGUAS! (careful)AGUAS! (careful)

What if your subject does not specifically What if your subject does not specifically say yo, tú, él, ella, usted, nosotros, or say yo, tú, él, ella, usted, nosotros, or ellos, ellas, ustedes?!?!?!?!ellos, ellas, ustedes?!?!?!?!

you must you must consider what the subject isconsider what the subject is. . For example, if you want to say Juan is For example, if you want to say Juan is here, you must think of here, you must think of JuanJuan as being as being “He,” and “He,” and use the “he” formuse the “he” form, because it , because it is third person singular. is third person singular.


So you would say “Juan So you would say “Juan está está aquí.” aquí.”

Same thing with SER: “Juan Same thing with SER: “Juan eses de de México,” because “es” is the third person México,” because “es” is the third person singular form of SER.singular form of SER.


What does “we” mean? It means “he and What does “we” mean? It means “he and I” or “you and I” or “they and I.” I” or “you and I” or “they and I.”

So if you ever see something like “Ellos y So if you ever see something like “Ellos y yo” or “Tú y yo” or “Carla y yo”, what yo” or “Tú y yo” or “Carla y yo”, what form should you use? The “We” form! form should you use? The “We” form!


So “You and I are here” would be Tú y yo So “You and I are here” would be Tú y yo estamosestamos aquí.” aquí.”

Same thing with SER: “You and I are from Same thing with SER: “You and I are from Richboro” would be “Tú y yo Richboro” would be “Tú y yo somos somos de de Richboro,” because “somos” is the “we” Richboro,” because “somos” is the “we” form of SER.form of SER.

So then…..So then…..

1.1. What form would you use for the subject What form would you use for the subject “Gabriella?”“Gabriella?”

él/ ella/ Usted!él/ ella/ Usted!

Gabriella ______(ser) bonita.Gabriella ______(ser) bonita.

Gabriella Gabriella es es bonita.bonita.

What about …….What about …….

Tú y yo __________(Estar) enfermos.Tú y yo __________(Estar) enfermos.

It means “you and I” which equals “we” It means “you and I” which equals “we” which makes us go to…which makes us go to…

ESTAMOS!ESTAMOS!

Tú y yo Tú y yo estamosestamos enfermos. enfermos.

Practiquemos!Practiquemos!

yoyo nosotrosnosotros

tútú XX

éél/ ella/ Ustedl/ ella/ Usted ellos / ellas/ ustedesellos / ellas/ ustedes

ESTARESTAR1.1. Él ______Él ______

2.2. Las chicas _______Las chicas _______

3.3. Nosotros _________Nosotros _________

4.4. Mi madre ___________Mi madre ___________

5.5. Mis amigos ____________Mis amigos ____________

6.6. Yo ___________Yo ___________

7.7. Tú _________Tú _________

8.8. Usted ___________Usted ___________

9.9. Ustedes ____________Ustedes ____________

1.1. He is ____________He is ____________

2.2. They are (fem) _______________They are (fem) _______________

3.3. All of you/you guys are ____________All of you/you guys are ____________

4.4. She is _______________She is _______________

5.5. We are ____________We are ____________

6.6. Ana and I are _____________Ana and I are _____________

7.7. Mariana and Kike are ______________Mariana and Kike are ______________

8.8. I am _______________I am _______________

9.9. Are you? ________________Are you? ________________

10.10.You formal are ___________________You formal are ___________________

SER and ESTAR

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