ENGL 1101:Writing about your secondary

sourcesSeptember 29, 2014Bob Cooper, Ildiko Horvath

Next Monday your bibliographies are due in! Bibliography: A properly formatted

bibliography following the academic style most common in the discipline of your major (e.g. MLA, APA, Chicago, etc…) that includes three secondary peer-reviewed sources.

Deadline: Monday, 6 October

Chapter 6: Interacting with Texts (p. 104)◦ Active Reading (p. 105)◦ Annotating (p. 105)◦ Scanning/Focused Reading (p. 107)

Reading Secondary Texts

Chapter 8: An Introduction to Reading Texts◦ The Reading-Writing Connection (p. 123)◦ Kinds of Texts (p. 125)◦ Academic and Non-Academic Writing (p. 126-7)

Reading Secondary Texts

Why?

Support your own point Disagree with a relevant study Explain a relevant concept or theory Compare/contrast findings with others Include other authors in your “conversation”

INTEGRATING RESEARCH

Techniques1. Summary2. Precis3. Paraphrase4. Direct Quotation5. Combining Methods

INTEGRATING RESEARCH

What it includes:

Main ideas or most important points only Use your own words

1. SUMMARY

When to use it: Main ideas in a paragraph Findings of a study Original is too long to paraphrase or quote

How to use it: Part of a sentence or an entire article

1. SUMMARY

What it includes:

Main points of a work Same order Leaves our most sub-points and all detail Your own words ¼ to 1/3 of the original in length

2. PRECISAlso called a Stand-Alone Summary

When to use it: Include another writer’s points in your paper

How to use it: (See page 23) Integrate into your writing smoothly

2. PRECIS

What it includes:

All of the original Your own words Structure changed (if possible)

3. PARAPHRASE

When to use it: Refer to material directly relevant to your

point

How to use it: Small but significant passages

3. PARAPHRASE

What it includes:

Words and punctuation of the original Quotation marks

4. DIRECT QUOTATION

When to use it: Important material Memorably phrased or Difficult to paraphrase

How to use it: Integrate grammatically and smoothly. Brackets [ ] and ellipsis (…) when needed.

4. DIRECT QUOTATION

Summary◦ Uses main idea(s)◦ Uses your own words◦ Omits detail◦ Is shorter than original

Paraphrase◦ Includes all the original◦ Uses your own words◦ Is about the length of the original

WRITING THE ROUGH DRAFT: INTEGRATING SOURCES (p. 82)

Direct quotations◦ Use words of original◦ Include quotation marks around passage

◦ In general, do not quote directly if you are citing statistics you are giving factual information the passage is easy to summarize or paraphrase

◦ Do quote directly if the words or phrasing is significant the source is authoritative the passage is difficult to summarize or

paraphrase

WRITING THE ROUGH DRAFT: INTEGRATING SOURCES, CONT’D

Combining direct quotations and summary/ paraphrase◦ Contributes to efficient writing◦ Stresses significant words

Omitting unneeded words in direct quotations◦ Use three spaced dots (. . .) to show one or

more words omitted◦ Use four spaced dots to show words omitted

to end of sentence

WRITING THE ROUGH DRAFT: INTEGRATING SOURCES, CONT’D

Use square brackets […] to indicate changes to a direct quotation

Adding or changing words ◦ To correct grammar◦ To make stylistic change◦ To clarify or add needed information

WRITING THE ROUGH DRAFT: INTEGRATING SOURCES, CONT’D

Read “Some Summary Writing Strategies” on page 25.

Can you think of any other strategies for successful summary writing?

Read “Outline to Summary: an Example” on pages 25-27.

Is the summary on page 27 successful? Answer the “Review Questions” together on

page 28.

Group Work - Chapter 2: Writing Summaries

Complete the quiz. Make sure you put your name on it because

this is how we will take today’s attendance!

Quiz