September 24, 2015 Do Now: Glacier »Drought Homework: 1) Read Great Turtle Makes the World and...

September 24, 2015

• Do Now: Glacier»Drought

• Homework: 1) Read Great Turtle Makes the World and answer the questions in complete sentences on separate piece of paper.

• 2) Fill out the chart for the Native American group I assign you. Use pages 36-45 in textbook to help you. Include one interesting fact about your group in the title box.

• Go over map

• Go over chart

• Take Quiz

• Land Bridge Video

• Notes

Pacific Coast Intermountain Rocky MountainInterior Plains Canadian Shield Appalachian MtnsCoastal Plains Hawaiian Islands Mississippi RiverAtlantic/Pacific O Gulf of Mexico

• Quiz – Use a pencil in case you make a mistake

• Write the name of the state, not the abbreviation

• Name 25 states

• Label the map for physical regions – you may use your homework to help you

Who were the First Americans?

500 Nations Introduction

and Creation Stories

File: The Americas

7

AmericasGeography - Varies

• North America– Rocky Mtns (West)– Great Plains (Mid/Flat)– Thick Forests (East)

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AmericasGeography - varies

• Americas– Different environments shape different

cultures

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III) First Americans had culture.

A) Culture: Way of life

1) homes, clothing, religion, gov’t, arts, economy

B) Archaeologists study artifacts and

find clues about culture.


Ice Age (Not just a movie)

1/3 of earth covered under glaciers

Glacier = thick sheets of ice

As glaciers froze using up water,

land was uncovered.

Land bridge between Asia and North

America (Alaska) appeared.


People (hunters) crossed the land

bridge to North America hunting wooly

mammoths.


When ice melted, there was more water and the bridge was covered

people stayed in North America and adapted

to new land

after thousands of years, descendants

(family members) had spread to

No. and So. America

AmericasEarly People

• Came across a land bridge from Asia to North America

• Melting ice (glaciers) covered the land bridge

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Who were the People of North America?

• Remember North, South, East, West

• When looking

at map: Never Eat Soggy Waffles

People of North America

• Organized into tribes

• All adapted to their environment

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Arctic - Far north of North America (Alaska and Canada)

Inuit –Eskimos- Came by boat from Asia after glaciers melted

Geography: frozen seas, icy, treeless

- Adapted Culture to harsh environment

- food: fished, hunted seal, walrus, whale– used whale bones to make fish hooks and spears

Who are the People of North America?

- clothing: – seal furs and skins

-shelter: lived in igloos – house of

snow and ice, stone houses

- warmth – lamps filled with seal oil

- built kayaks – small skin boats to

spear seals, whales, walrus

native inuit cuisine.mp4


Inuit (Eskimo) Village


Building an igloo


Inside the igloo of the Inuit

Drawing Time

• On the opposite page write the title Arctic Native Americans – Inuit/Eskimos

• Draw ONE aspect (food, clothing, shelter) of how they adapted the environment to their culture


Northeast Natives – Maine to Maryland (including New York)

Eastern Woodlands (Iroquois of NY) Geography: Atlantic Ocean, forests,

hills, lakes, streamsadapted culture to environment


food: deer, fish, gathered nuts and berries; planted three sisters

corn, beans, squashclothing: animal skins (deer, fox)shelter: longhouses: long

wooden houses covered in bark*families lived together in house

iroquois pictures.mp4


• Iroquois Longhouse

Wampanoag Longhouse and Canoe


Iroquois governmenta) League of the Iroquois – group

of 5 Iroquois Nations who agreed not to fight one another

i) Mohawk ii) Onondaga

iii) Oneida iv) Seneca v) Cayuga

(MOOS and a C)


b) By joining together they ended war between each other and became united against their enemies c) At meetings they discussed problems, voted on solutions

3) Women had political powera) Chose the clan (group of families)

leaders – shaman – head leader

Women Chose the Political Leaders

Drawing Time

• On the opposite page write the title Eastern Woodlands Native Americans – New York Iroquois



Great Plains – Between Rocky Mtns and Mississippi River – ex: North and South Dakota, Kansas Geography: Grasslands, few trees

Adapted culture from environmentFood: Buffalo meat (dried = jerky)Clothing: Buffalo

skin (leather) – fur coats, blankets


Slaughter of the Buffalo from 30,000,000

(30 million) to 1,091


Geography of the Great Plains – few trees


Sioux (Lakota) Plains Indians Tepees


Shelter: Buffalo• tepees cone- shaped tents made

from buffalo skins – easy to move while traveling buffalo chips -burn for keeping warm

Nomadic – moved from place to place following buffalo

a) rode horses to travel far

Tribe Names: Lakota (Sioux); Blackfoot


• Plains Indians

Tepees

Drawing Time

• On the opposite page write the title

Great Plains Native Americans – Sioux


Who are People ofNorth America?

Southwest – Arizona, New MexicoGeography: Dry, desert region, hot, little rain or farmland

Adapted culture from environmentFood: Irrigation (water) ditches from

rivers for farming: three sisters three sisters: corn, beans, squash

Clothing: weaved cotton

Who were the Southwest Native Americans?

Southwest Native American (Navajo, Hopi) Geography

Who are People ofNorth America?

Shelter: Pueblo homes made from

adobe: sun-dried clay bricks

hogan: round building from

wood/earth

cliff dwellers: carved homes in cliffs

d) Tribes: Anasazi, Hopi, Navajo

native anasazi southwest.mp4


• Anasazi

Cliff Dwellers

Drawing Time

• On the opposite page write the title Southwest Native Americans – Anasazi



Southeast – Southern US and along Atlantic Ocean – Alabama, FloridaGeography: Fertile (good for farming) soil, forests, plentiful rain

Adapted culture from environmentFood: farming corn, hunting deer, fishingClothing: Hides (skins) from

animals – deer, fox

Who are the People ofNorth America?Shelter: used young trees to

build homes called wigwams

Tribe Names: Cherokee


• Southeastern Native Americans (Cherokee) Geography


• Southeast Native American Wigwam

Drawing Time

• On the opposite page write the title Southeast Native Americans – Cherokee



Northwest Coast – Western Canada, Washington State and Oregon

Geography: Along Pacific Ocean, tall forestsadapted culture from environment

had plenty of food – fish - salmon, deer, moose clothing – deer skins, bear furs


shelter – wooden plank houses

potlatch – ceremonial dinner

to share wealth – totem poles

of bear, ravens, beaver, whale

Tribe Name: Nez Perce

potlach1.mp4

potlach2.mp4


• Northwest Native American

Plank house

Drawing Time

• On the opposite page write the title Northwest Native Americans – Nez Perce


• Review of all tribes

• native overview.mp4

t

FOOD CLOTHING SHELTER

Northwest

Southwest

Great

Plains

FOOD CLOTHING SHELTER

Eastern

Woodlands

Southeast

Arctic

Native American Project

• Work with your group to fill in the chart for one of the Native American groups.

• Groups will share their information with other groups until entire chart is filled out

• Make a poster of North America

• On your map, label the 5 Native American groups and bullet point three ways that group adapted to its environment

Acting it Out

In your pairs, act out a Native American region without speaking.

Think of some clues that you can act out to help the class guess what group you are portraying.

Writing it Out

• Follow the instructions on the hand-out to write two (2) awesome paragraphs!!

• Question to answer: Animals adapt to their environment, humans adapt the environment to meet their needs. In two paragraphs, explain how Native Americans used their environment to shape their culture.

• (Historical Context/Task)

Name ________________________________________________ Date ____________Mrs. Drysdale

Social Studies 7 Paragraph:Write a paragraph that explains how one of the Native American tribes adapted to their environment and allowed their culture to grow. Organizer and paragraph will be graded. Step 1: Draw the web on a separate page in your notebook.

Name ________________________________________________ Date ____________Mrs. Drysdale

Social Studies 7 Paragraph:Write a paragraph that explains how one of the Native American tribes adapted to their environment and allowed their culture to grow. Organizer and paragraph will be graded. Step 1: Draw the web on a separate page in your notebook. Step 2: Fill-in the following: Name of Tribe ________________________________________ What environment was like _____________________________________________________________ How the tribe adapted __________________________________________________________________ Start with a topic sentence that is general and introduces what tribe you are writing about. ________________________________________________________________________________ Write 4 sentences that give specific details about how they used nature in their culture. 1)________________________________________________________________________________ 2) ________________________________________________________________________________ 3) ________________________________________________________________________________ 4) ________________________________________________________________________________ Last sentence should be a summary of the details in the paragraph._________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ Step 3: Write the paragraph u

Central and South America

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Olmecs: Southern Mexico (1200 BC – 400BC)

• Planned Cities, Religious Center– Pyramid stone temples– Highly organized government, – supervised building projects

• Achievements– Hieroglyphic writing– Calendar

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Mayans

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• Mexico -Yucatan Peninsula –Cancun, Guatelmala

• Advanced civilization

• , Mayan City

Mayans

• City-States: Religious centers- Chich’en Itza– Pyramid temples – great architecture and math

skills to build

76

Maya

• Mayan mud homes Pyramid

with thatched roof

Mayans

• Religion & Achievements – Time obsessed– Solar Calendar/Astronomy– 365 days – (Calendar ended in 2012)

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Mayans• Mayan Math #s

Mayans

• Record keeping- stone glyphs- inside of bark used as paper (bark books)

Mayans

• Deadly ball game• Winner=Feast• Loser=Death

• mayan culture 1.mp4• Maya video.mp4

Mayans

• Religion– Polytheistic – many gods including sun god

and storm god– Had human sacrifices

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Mayans

• Decline (900 AD) – no one knows why– Maybe over population, disease, drought,

revolts

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Different latitude lines and land forms result in diversity of climates Limits Unification, Transportation,

and Communication

86

Aztec

• Location: • Mexico

Different latitude lines and land forms result in diversity of climates

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Aztec Empire – Unified ppl under one Emperor

• Capital – Tenochtitlan (island) in middle of lake

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Aztecs (Southern Mexico) 1300s -1500s AD

• Warlike People– Conquered lands

• Forced people to pay tribute

• Cotton, gold, food

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Aztecs (Southern Mexico) 1300s -1500s AD

• Greatest Ruler– Montezuma II (1502 – 1521)

• Empire was largest and rich• Lost empire to Spanish

– Hernando Cortez (Cortez befriends– the Aztec’s – enemies who – help destroy– them)

91

Aztecs (Southern Mexico) 1300s – 1500s AD

• Social Structure– Captive soldiers became slaves– Commoners (peasants)paid tribute– Priests and officials administered justice– Emperor had supreme power

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• Centralized Government – Built Military Roads

• Linked empire – easier to collect tribute• soldiers protected trade

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Aztec King

Aztec Achievements• Chinampas – “Floating Gardens” Gardens

on rafts to grow crops

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• Achievements - • Built causeways – linked island to mainland• Filled lakes to create farmland• Urban city with 200,000 ppl

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Tenochtitlan

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• Writing – Pictograms – picture writing system to keep

records

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Book which held records was called Codex

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Pyramid temples to store tribute and hold sacrifices

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Aztec Temple

100

Temple of the Sun

101

Aqueduct System

102

Guess what’s going on here!

103


• Religion – Polytheistic

• Gods of corn, rain, sun and war

• Huitzilopochtli – Sun god – required

human sacrifices– Prisoners of war

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Inca

• When

• Where

• 1200’s to 1530’s

• West coast of South America• Ecuador, Peru in Andes Mtns

Inca

• What. . .

type of homes

type of environment

type of work

• Cuzco (Andes Mountains) and Machu Picchu

• Small homes, usually one room , made with stones, thatched roof

• Farming on terraces (cut out land – steps)• Built roads and aqueducts (roads to carry

water)Machu Picchu

Inca

• Social Classes and Beliefs

• Worshipped the Sun• Emperor was descended from Sun God• Emperor – Priests and Warrior Chiefs –

Administrators – craftsman, farmers, fisherman – slaves

Expert engineering skills

Advances in medicine

inca video.mp4

Inca built hundreds of suspension bridges throughout the Andes over canyons and rivers; connecting roads. Bridges were built from braided grass, vegetation and wood fibers.

Incas (Ecuador, Peru, Andes Mtns)

• Social Structure– Government – Emperor – Absolute Ruler– Nobles governed provinces, census for taxes– Local officials – artisans, gov’t collected taxes– Commoners

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Machu Picchu

• Accomplishments – – Terrace Farming – adapted to environment!!– Created flat land– Gravity fed water– Retains heat

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City on the MountainCentralized Gov’t needed to create

city

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Extensive Roads and Footbridges connect across the Andes Mountains

(trade)

113

Messengers ran in relays to deliver quipu (strings with knots as messages

– mainly math counting system)

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• Achievements– Crowbar (lever)– Roads, bridges – united empire– Medicine – set fractures, brain surgery

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• Polytheistic– Inti – Sun God– Emperor was

Inti’s son

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• Decline– 1500s – emperors two sons fought for power

• Civil War – weakened regime

– Spanish (Francisco Pizarro) arrive in Peru and allied with rebels against Incas

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1492The Beginning or The End?

• 1492

• Columbian Exchange

• Columbus lands in Americas (Caribbean)

• Exchange of goods and ideas between Native Americans, Europeans, and the worldwide exchange

Europeans introduced domestic animals (horses, chickens), how to use metals for cooking and weapons, technology, art, language and diseases

Native Americans introduced new foods, how to grow crops, teach them how to survive, medicines, hunting skills, arts, sports

September 24, 2015 Do Now: Glacier »Drought Homework: 1) Read Great Turtle Makes the World and...

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