How did the attacks on Sept. 11th create not only a domestic economic crisis but more importantly impacted a greater need for political, economic

and security collaboration?

Introduction

• September 11th 2001, passenger airliners were hijacked by al-Qaeda terrorists. American Airlines Flight 11 and United Airlines Flight 175 crashed into the Twin Towers in New York City. A third plane crashed into the Pentagon and the fourth was enroute to the country’s capital but crashed in a field. Almost 3,000 people were injured from the attacks and changed America forever. On that day, the whole country united as one to collaborate together. The attacks affected economies, political policies, advanced security and resulted in over a decade long war. These attacks did not only effect the United States but the rest of the world.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hAgRZzpYAcw

Video:

• The Dow Jones was closed for a week from

September 11th- September 14th and after

reopening it, it dropped %14.3, which was

one of the greatest drops in history. The

stocks lost over a trillion dollars in a week.

• In New York City almost 500,000 jobs and

almost 3 billion in wages were lost and

small businesses were greatly affected. Last

3 months the city’s GDP declined almost 28

billion dollars. The gross rate in the 3rd

quarter of 2001 decreased 15% along with

the U.S GDP deceasing with it at 1.3%.

Articulation: Economic/Business

Articulation: Social

• Affecting both the domains of social,

economical and business, travel greatly

decreased in 2001, which is one of the main

exports industries in America. Many people

were skeptical of flying and afraid of

reoccurring events.

• It affected how society viewed Muslim groups. Many people in the United States became hostile with Muslims and associated terrorism with the religion. Numerous hate crimes were reported against Muslims

Articulation: Political

• One of the greatest impacts politically was

the importance of homeland security. The

government created the Department of

Homeland Security. Soon after the attacks,

the USA Patriot Act was passed shortly

after the attacks, which allowed law

enforcement agencies to search U.S

citizens without warrants. It affected many

other countries, putting them in high alert

• The War in Afghanistan had a huge impact

on politics. The Federal Budget for the

National Defense was increased

significantly, spending almost an extra 300

billion dollars.

Cogitation: Domain Interactions

• Political: – Homeland Security Department and the National

Counterterrorism Center were created in response to the attacks.

– Largest policy affected by 9/11 was the U.S Foreign policy.

– USA Patriot Act- policy reduced restrictions that were on law

enforcement agencies allowing the ability to search telephones,

emails, medical, financial and other records.

– War on Terror

– U.S. relations grew

• China immediately announced its cooperation with the U.S. to fight terrorism

– Foreign countries also had to implement improved policies and

methods to keep their country safe.

• European Union reformed some anti-terrorist policies and

programs as well.

Cogitation: Domain Interactions

• Economic:– Increased defense spending also led to a debt crisis

which led to rarely downgrade to United States debt by the Standard and Poor's. This also contributed to increased oil prices which shown gradual increase several years after the 9/11 events. The 9/11 events also contributed to weakening the dollar against the euro and dollar declined about 33% against the euro in five years after the attacks.

– All major economies witnessed slower economic growth, extended losses on stock markets, higher insurance costs and increased shipping costs.

– Many countries increased their defense spending which contributing to slowing their growth.

– Additional security measures resulted in increased cost of doing business and delayed shipments which effected the business among different countries

Cogitation: Domain Interactions

Cultural:– The number of hate crimes towards Muslims groups

increased drastically. – Another aspect that dramatically changed was

immigration in our country. Countries that had its number of Visa issuances decrease the most were Pakistan, Egypt, and Morocco. Pakistan tourist visas dropped by 70 percent. Also, deportations increased heavily. According to data from the department of Homeland Security, from 2001-2010, deportation rose by 104 percent.

– People who looked Islamic in the slightest were getting mistreated wherever they would go, especially in U.S. airports. Also, media and pop culture in America started to turn anti-war. After many of our troops falling and our whole country divided, America really wasn’t sure what we were fighting for anymore. That’s why in other countries; most civilians hated Americans.

Cogitation: Convergence Perspective

• For a short period of time, 9/11 brought the world together. The

victims of the tragedy consisted of citizens from over 90 nations. It

was an attack on humanity.

• People around the world stood in solitude for people in the United

States and said prayers in churches, mosques, and synagogues

around the world.

• The United States was unified as one whole state during the attacks

to work together to overcome the travesty.

• All across the globe, each country paid tribute to the United States.

– For example, In Sweden, Norway, Finland and Russia, radio

stations had a moment of silence for the victims. In Beijing, tens

of thousands of people visited the U.S Embassy with flowers. In

the Middle East, Palestinian and Israeli leaders condemned the

attacks and held donations of blood for victims

– Many countries stating “This is an attack on all of us”.

Cogitation: Divergence Perspective

• Many would disagree with a convergence perspective correlating with 9/11, in fact many would view the opposite.

• This war on terror divided the world culturally, with many different religions feeling hostile to Muslim groups.

• Most countries have their guard up from the Middle East and have greatly increased their national defense and security.

• Some Americans even have such a strong national identity and thought less of any other country.

Evaluation: Winners

• Individual Winners: the American

People and the soldiers fighting at war.

• Group/Organization Winners: The

Department of Homeland Security and

the Transportation Security

Administration.

• Nation Winner: The United States of

America

Evaluation: Losers

• Individual Losers: Victims of 9/11

attacks, Osama Bin Laden, & Khalid

Sheikh Mohammed

• Group/Organization Losers: al-

Qaeda

• Nation Losers: Pakistan

Final Evaluation

• After analysis, we can conclude that the United States is already working towards increasing the amount of winners and reducing the amount of losers. With the Department of Homeland Security and the TSA increasing security, many Americans are feeling safe to travel again and do not have to worry about a reoccurring tragedy. U.S troops are still currently fighting overseas for a resolution. This tragedy has only made this country stronger and more unified. The United States can learn from the past and help understand that foreign attacks can happen at any moment. During the day of the attacks the country was not separated between fifty states, we were one unified nation.