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Sentence Sentence FragmentsFragments::

Because some students have part-time Because some students have part-time jobs in addition to going to school.jobs in addition to going to school.

Problem: Problem: This is a subordinate clause.This is a subordinate clause.To correct:To correct: Attach it to an independent Attach it to an independent clause.clause.Complete sentence: Complete sentence:

Because some students have part-time jobs in Because some students have part-time jobs in addition to full-time classwork, addition to full-time classwork, they have very little free time..

For example, the increase in the cost of For example, the increase in the cost of renting an apartment.renting an apartment.

Problem:Problem: No main verbNo main verb..To correct:To correct: Rewrite the sentence so that it Rewrite the sentence so that it has ahas a

subject and a verb.subject and a verb.Complete sentence:Complete sentence:

For example, For example, the costthe cost of renting an apartment of renting an apartment has has

increased.increased.

Sentence Sentence Fragments:Fragments:

Choppy:Choppy: We must find new sources of energy. The earth’s We must find new sources of energy. The earth’s

natural sources of energy are dwindling. Solar energy natural sources of energy are dwindling. Solar energy

is a promising new source of energy. Solar energy is is a promising new source of energy. Solar energy is

energy from the sun’s radiation.energy from the sun’s radiation.

To correct:To correct: Combine 2 or 3 simple sentences to make one Combine 2 or 3 simple sentences to make one

compound or complex sentence.compound or complex sentence.

Corrected:Corrected:We must find new sources of energy We must find new sources of energy becausebecause the the

earth’s natural energy sources are dwindling. Solar earth’s natural energy sources are dwindling. Solar

energy, energy, whichwhich is energy from the sun’s radiation, is a is energy from the sun’s radiation, is a

promising new source of energy.promising new source of energy.

Choppy Sentences:Choppy Sentences:

Choppy:Choppy: Government and industry are spending huge sums Government and industry are spending huge sums

of money to develop solar energy. Research scientistsof money to develop solar energy. Research scientists

are working hard to develop economical means of are working hard to develop economical means of

converting the sun’s rays into usable energy.converting the sun’s rays into usable energy. To correct:To correct: Combine 2 or 3 simple sentences to make one Combine 2 or 3 simple sentences to make one

compound or complex sentence.compound or complex sentence. Corrected:Corrected:Government and industry are spending huge sums Government and industry are spending huge sums

of money to develop solar energyof money to develop solar energy; for this reason,; for this reason, research scientists are working hard to develop research scientists are working hard to develop economical means of converting the sun’s rays into economical means of converting the sun’s rays into usable energy.usable energy.

Choppy Sentences:Choppy Sentences:

Run on:Run on:

Getting married is easy staying Getting married is easy staying married is a different matter.married is a different matter.

Comma splice: Comma splice:

San Francisco is a very San Francisco is a very cosmopolitan city, there are cosmopolitan city, there are people from many cultures and people from many cultures and ethnic groups living there.ethnic groups living there.

Run-on Sentences & Coma Run-on Sentences & Coma Splices:Splices:

To correct: To correct: 1.1.A periodA period: : Getting married is easyGetting married is easy. . Staying Staying married is a different matter.married is a different matter.

2.2. A semicolon: A semicolon: Getting married is easyGetting married is easy;; staying staying married is a different matter.married is a different matter.

3.3.A coordinated conjunction: A coordinated conjunction: Getting Getting married is easymarried is easy, but , but staying married is a different staying married is a different matter.matter.

4.4.A subordinated conjunction: A subordinated conjunction: Although Although getting married is easygetting married is easy,, staying married is a different staying married is a different matter. matter.

Run-on Sentences & Coma Run-on Sentences & Coma Splices:Splices:

Stringy sentence:Stringy sentence:

My roommate, Bill, goes to college and from the My roommate, Bill, goes to college and from the beginning of this semester until last week, he beginning of this semester until last week, he hadn’t studied at all and the reason was because hadn’t studied at all and the reason was because he had no exams during that period. But the day he had no exams during that period. But the day before yesterday, I was atonished because I saw before yesterday, I was atonished because I saw him stydying and later on, he told me he had him stydying and later on, he told me he had studied all day long and the reason was because studied all day long and the reason was because he was going to have an exam the next day and he he was going to have an exam the next day and he wanted to get a good grade in the exam so he wanted to get a good grade in the exam so he decided to studydecided to study..

Stringy Sentences:Stringy Sentences:

Stringy sentence: Stringy sentence: Many students attend classes all morning and they work all Many students attend classes all morning and they work all

afternoon and then they have to study at night so they are afternoon and then they have to study at night so they are usually exhausted by the weekend.usually exhausted by the weekend.

To correct:To correct:1.1. Divide: Divide: Many students attend classes all morning and work all Many students attend classes all morning and work all

afternoon. afternoon. Then,Then, they have to study at night. they have to study at night. As a resultAs a result, , they are usually exhausted by the weekend.they are usually exhausted by the weekend.

1.1. Subordinate: Subordinate: AfterAfter attending classes all morning attending classes all morning, , many students many students work in work in

the afternoon. the afternoon. BecauseBecause they also have to study at night they also have to study at night,, they are usually exhausted by the weekend.they are usually exhausted by the weekend.

Stringy Sentences:Stringy Sentences:

Stringy sentence: Stringy sentence: Many students attend classes all morning and they work Many students attend classes all morning and they work

all afternoon and then they have to study at night so they all afternoon and then they have to study at night so they are usually exhausted by the weekend.are usually exhausted by the weekend.

To correct:To correct:3. Subordinate & combine:3. Subordinate & combine:Many students, Many students, whowho attend classes all morning, work all attend classes all morning, work all

afternoon, and study all night, are exhausted by the afternoon, and study all night, are exhausted by the weekend.weekend.

4. Participial phrases:4. Participial phrases:After attendingAfter attending classes all morning, classes all morning, workingworking all afternoon, all afternoon,

and and stydyingstydying at night, many students are exhausted by at night, many students are exhausted by the weekend.the weekend.

Stringy Sentences:Stringy Sentences: