A novel gossip-based sensing coverage algorithm for dense wireless sensor networks
Sensing Systems and Sensor Networks
Transcript of Sensing Systems and Sensor Networks
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Sensing Systems and Sensor Networks
Simon LabovDirector, Radiation Detection Center
Don ProsnitzDeputy Director, Homeland Security
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
September 8, 2005
This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by University of California,
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract W-7405-Eng-48.
UCRL-PRES-215493
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We are addressing all aspects of WMD
threat reduction
LLNL provides integrated systems solutions for homeland security
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We have an active program to counter thechemical and biological threats
Early detection and rapidcharacterization
Urban environment modeling andprediction
Decontamination and restoration
Underlying chemical and biologicalscience
Conduct demonstration programs in real-worldsettings with end users from public health, lawenforcement, and emergency response
BASIS/Biowatch
LINC
Bioforensics
OPCW certified lab
PROTECT Model Cities
RestoreOps
Sentinels
Develop science, technology, and integrated networks andsystems to defend against chemical and biological terrorism
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We support the national radiological &nuclear architecture
Expertise
Nuclear weapons
technology
Weapons effects
expertise
Nuclear threatassessment &
response
Radiation detection
Programs
MPC&A
2nd Line of Defense
Megaports
Nuclear Incident Response Teams
Nuclear Assessment
Program
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How can make an impact?First, we ask the users for what they want...
Cost as low as possible
Easy to use and understand by non-expert
Portable and light weight, or easy todeploy
Automated assistance in interpretation
Low maintenance, robust
Selective to minimize false alarms
Oh yes, it should also be sensitive, able to measure real threats
Networks? I prefer cable!
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New materials and techniques provideimproved spectral resolution
Good resolution room-temperaturegamma-ray spectrometers
Lanthanum-based scintillators
Improved read out of CdZnTe
Alternative wide-gapsemiconductors
Integration of large arrays of smallpixels
High resolution gamma-rayspectrometers using Ge detectors andportable coolers
Ultra high-resolution gamma-rayspectrometers using very lowtemperature superconductors
Large crystal of aluminumantimonide under developmentfor high resolution gamma-raydetection without cooling
Improved spectral resolution is essential forreducing false alarms and improving sensitivity
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Gamma-ray imager for nuclear search operations
Goal: Improve sensitivity for vehicle-based nuclear search operations
Current technology: Large (4 liter)gamma-ray detectors
LLNL Prototype: Larger (57 liter)detector with imaging to isolatethreats from background
Measurements demonstrate longrange detection and improvedsensitivity with imaging
LLNL Large gamma-ray imager moving at 10 mphdetects 1 mCi 137Cs source at 83 m.
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Without imaging, the source is notdetected.
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Regional monitoring with ubiquitoussensor networks
Fixed or portal detectors areuseful but cant cover largeareas
By spreading out the detectorelements , detection can
extend over an entiremetropolitan area
Distribution of detectors israndom and difficult tocircumvent
System can track the position of
a source as it moves throughthe network
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RadNet: a cell-phone-based radiationsensor network
A pocket-size instrument Low-power, low-cost, pixilated CZT detector
Isotope-identification software
GPS locator
Cellular telephone
Personal digital assistant (PDA) with Internet
access Operations
Smart personal radiation alarm andmeasurement tool
Large-scale detector network monitoring themovement of nuclear materials, weapons, and
radioactive contamination System goals
Unit cost: 18 hours
Network size: 10,000 units
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Ultimately a sensor network should fusemany types of information
Radiation sensors:
Radiation portal monitors
Radiation pagers
Radioisotope Identifiers
Large mobile radiation
detectors High-resolution (HPGe)
gamma-ray spectrometers
Radiation detector arrays
Imaging radiation detectors
Radiography
Non-radiation sensors:
Intelligence information
Traffic sensors and cameras
Vehicle weight
Surveillance imagery
Weather conditions Manifest information
Cargo (air, maritime) arrivalinformation
Radiation-triggered images
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LLNL plays a key role in assisting federal, state,and local entities defend against WMD terrorism
We work with end users to understand their needs andensure that technologies developed meet real-world needs
We integrate multiple scientific and technical disciplines todevelop systems solutions
We address the problem end to end, from threatassessment through capability concept, from prototypedemonstration to product commercialization
We are committed to working with private industry to get
improved capabilities into the hands of first responders
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The success of homeland security dependson private industry
Cepheids Smart CyclerTM
Sunnyvale, CA
Smiths BioSeeqTM
Baltimore, MD
Adaptable Radiation Area Monitor
Innovative Survivability Technologies
Goleta, CA
ORTECs Detective
Oak Ridge, TN
TTEC
www.trivalleytec.org
PowerStor Corporation
Dublin, CA
Ocellus Technologies
Livermore, CA
MicroFluidic Systems, Inc.
Pleasanton, CA