Seminar on Trademark Patent

8/1/2019 Seminar on Trademark Patent

1/19

Roll No: 02Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Dibrugarh University


2/19

What istrademark

& what is PatentTrademark - an exclusive and unique sign or symbolowned by a person, corporation or legal entity, whichenables a consumer to identify and associate with their

products or services. It can be a visual symbol, word,logo, phrase, name or image.

Patent - a document, issued, upon application, by a

government office (or a regional office acting forseveral countries), which describes an inventionand creates a legal situation so that it can beexploited (manufactured, used, sold, imported)with the authorization of the owner of the patent.


3/19

Are they same?

A trademark typicallyprotects brand namesand logos used ongoods and services. A patent protects aninvention.


4/19

Look at the History

As long as 3,000 years ago, Indian craftsmen used to

engrave theirsignatureson theirartistic creations before

sending them to Iran. Manufacturers from China sold

goodsbearingtheirmarksintheMediterraneanareaover2,000 years ago and at one time about a thousand

differentRomanpotterymarkswere inuse, including the

FORTIS brand, which became so famous that it was

copiedandcounterfeited.

However,theireconomicimportancewasstilllimited.


5/19

Service mark (SM)

- is the same as a trademark, except that it

identifies and distinguishes the source of

a service rather than goods.


6/19

Collective

& Certification mark

Collectivemarkmaybeownedbyanassociationwhichitselfdoesnotusethecollectivemarkbutmembersmayusethecollectivemark;iftheycomplywiththerequirementsconcerningtheuseofthecollectivemark.Anenterpriseentitledtousethecollectivemarkmayinadditionalsouseitsowntrademark.

Thecertificationmarkmayonlybeusedinaccordancewiththedefinedstandards.e.g. ISI, AGMARK, Hallmark etc.

Themaindifferencebetweencollective&certificationmarksisthattheformermaybeusedonlybyparticularenterpriseswhilethelattermaybeusedbyanybody

whocomplieswiththedefinedstandards.


7/19

Signsmayserve as Trademark

Thepurposeofthetrademarkthatvirtuallyanysignthatcanserve

todistinguishgoodsfromothergoodsiscapableofconstitutinga

trademark.Theyshouldbeapracticalillustrationofwhatcan

beregistered,withoutbeingexhaustive.

Words

Letters&numerical

DevicesColoured

marks

3Dsigns

Audiblesigns

Olfactorysigns

Invisiblesigns


8/19

Criteria of protectability

Signtobeatrademarkshouldreasonablystandardthroughoutthe

world.

Capabilitytodistinguishtheproductsorservicesofoneenterprisefromtheproductsorservicesofother

enterprises.

Lackofmisleadingcharacterandshouldnotviolatepublicorderor

morality.


9/19

Requirement of distinctiveness

Commonwordsfromeverydaylanguagecanalsobehighlydistinctiveiftheycommunicate

ameaningthatisarbitraryinrelationtotheproductsonwhichtheyareused.

Thedistinctivenessofasignisnotanabsoluteandunchangeablefactor.Dependingonthe

stepstakenbytheuserofthesignorthirdparties,itcanbeacquiredorincreasedoreven

lost.

Distinctivenessdependontheunderstandingoftheconsumers,oratleastthepersonsto

whomthesignisaddressed.


10/19

Conditions for refusal of

trademark registration

Genericterms

..

Asignisgenericwhenit

definesacategoryor

typetowhichthegoodsbelong.Itisessentialto

thetradeandalsoto

consumersthatnobody

shouldbeallowedto

monopolizesucha

genericterm.

Descriptivesignsarethose

thatserveintradeto

designatethekind,quality,intendedpurpose,value,

placeoforigin,timeof

productionoranyother

characteristicofthegoods

forwhichthesignisintended

tobeusedorisbeingused.

Genericterms

Descriptivesigns

Genericterms

Descriptivesigns

Othersignslackofdistinctiveness

..

Asignowingtoitssimplicity

orpureillustrative,maynot

capturetheconsumersattentionatallasasign

referringtotheoriginofthe

product,butratherasa

mereillustrativepartofthe

packagingofthegoods

offeredtohim.

Genericterms

Descriptivesigns


Referencetogeographicalorigin

..

Signsreferringtopractically

unknownlocalitiesare

thereforedistinctive.

Referencestoareaswhere

nobodywouldexpectthe

goodsconcernedtobe

manufacturedarealso

distinctive.

Genericterms

Descriptivesigns


Referencetogeographicalorigin

ForeignScriptandTransliterations

ImaginetheuseofaThai

scriptmarkinIndiaorSri

Lanka,theuseofChinese

charactersin

Switzerland,Singhala

charactersintheUnitedStates

ofAmericaorJapanese

characters(Katakana,Kandi)

anywherebutinJapan.Forthe

greatmajorityofordinaryconsumersthesemarksare

purelyfancifuldevices.


11/19

Why should you register

your MARK


12/19

Rights those a Trademark

owner has

Trademarkrightscomefromactualuseofthemarktolabel

one'sservicesorproductsortheycomefromfilingan

applicationwiththePatentandTrademarkOffice(PTO)thatstatesanintentiontousethemarkinfuturecommerce.Inmostforeigncountries,trademarksarevalidonlyupon

registration.

Therearetwotrademarkrights:theright to use(orauthorizeuse)andtheright to register.


13/19

When you can use TM, SM,


14/19

Limits of Trademark right

Fairuse

Parodyuse

Non-commercialuse

Productcomparison&Newsreporting

Geographiclimit

Noncompetingandnonconfusinguse


15/19

Trademark law in India

The trade mark laws in India are governed by Trade Marks Act,1999 which is in conformity with the TRIPS Agreement towhich India is a signatory. Other sources which affects trademarks law are International Multilateral Convention, NationalBilateral Treaty, Regional Treaty, Decision of the Courts,Office practice and rulings, Decision of Intellectual PropertyAppellate Board.


16/19

Requirements for filling

trademark application

Name & Address of the Applicant Company / Person

Trademark / Logo (10 copies)

Class

Description of goods / services

Original priority documents, if priority is claimed. (can be filedwithin two months from the date of filing in India).

Power of Attorney duly notarized (can be submitted later).


17/19

Registration procedure


18/19

References

Basic fact with correct links.pdf; United states Patent and Trademarkoffice; oct 2010. Accessed on 04/03/2012, 8.31p.m.Website URL:www.uspto.gov/trademarks/basics/BasicFacts_with_correct_links.pdfPatent and Trademark guide in India, e-book; by Advocates & Corporate

Legal Consultants Trade Mark & Patent Attorneys.Accessed on 04/03/2012, 8.20 p.m.Website URL: www.indiajuris.com/pdf/ptbook.pdfhttp://chillingeffects.org/trademark/faq.cgi.

Accessed on 27/04/2012, 7.30 p.m.

http://ezinearticles.com/?The-Difference-Between-Patent-and-Trademark&id=1243535.Accessed on 27/04/2012, 8.23 p.m.
http://chillingeffects.org/trademark/faq.cgihttp://ezinearticles.com/?The-Difference-Between-Patent-and-Trademark&id=1243535http://ezinearticles.com/?The-Difference-Between-Patent-and-Trademark&id=1243535http://ezinearticles.com/?The-Difference-Between-Patent-and-Trademark&id=1243535http://ezinearticles.com/?The-Difference-Between-Patent-and-Trademark&id=1243535http://ezinearticles.com/?The-Difference-Between-Patent-and-Trademark&id=1243535http://ezinearticles.com/?The-Difference-Between-Patent-and-Trademark&id=1243535http://ezinearticles.com/?The-Difference-Between-Patent-and-Trademark&id=1243535http://ezinearticles.com/?The-Difference-Between-Patent-and-Trademark&id=1243535http://ezinearticles.com/?The-Difference-Between-Patent-and-Trademark&id=1243535http://ezinearticles.com/?The-Difference-Between-Patent-and-Trademark&id=1243535http://ezinearticles.com/?The-Difference-Between-Patent-and-Trademark&id=1243535http://ezinearticles.com/?The-Difference-Between-Patent-and-Trademark&id=1243535http://ezinearticles.com/?The-Difference-Between-Patent-and-Trademark&id=1243535http://chillingeffects.org/trademark/faq.cgi


19/19

Thank You

Seminar on Trademark Patent

Documents

Transcript of Seminar on Trademark Patent