Seminar - Non Destructive Testing Techniques Using Nuclear Methods

8/2/2019 Seminar - Non Destructive Testing Techniques Using Nuclear Methods

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Non Destructive Testing Techniques

Using Conventional & Nuclear

Methods

Dr. GUVEN

Aerospace Engineer (P.hD)

Nuclear Science and Technology Engineer


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Need for Testing One of the unavoidable things in engineering is the

quality control of components or structures after they

have been constructed and used.

You will want to know that a bridge, a civil structure, a

plane, a car, or a pipeline that has been functional foryears is still safe or not.

However, you need to do this without creating anynegative effect on the structure or component.


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What is Non Destructive Testing?

Nondestructive testing

(NDT) is a group of analysis

techniques that are used in

science and industry to

evaluate the properties of a

material, component or

system without causingdamage to the object that is

being inspected.


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The Advantages of Non Destructive

Testing

NDT does not permanently alter the articlebeing inspected. Hence, the material that is

being tested is preserved.

NDT it is a highly-valuable technique that can

save both money and time in product

evaluation, troubleshooting, and research

NDT is one of the best suitable methods inanalyzing the effects of aging in mechanical orcivil structures


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Hi Tech NDT

Especially in a age where high tech components arebeing built, NDT has become mandatory.

Especially in the analysis of hi tech aerospace

components, as well as nuclear power plants, using

NDTmay be your only option


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Types of NDT Methods

Ultrasonic

Magnetic Particle

Liquid Penetration

Eddy Current Testing

Nuclear Methods


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Historical Sample Application of NDT NDT has been used in our daily lives for almost a

century in medical sciences.

Anytime, you take a X Ray or MRI, you are actuallyusing a NDT on your body. Otherwise, they would

have to open your body every time a diagnosis isneeded.


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Ultrasonic NDT Methods

In ultrasonic NDT, acoustic waves aretransmitted through the component or

structure in order to get an acoustic imaging

of the item.

This method is quite similar to ultrasound

testing done during pregnancy to determinethe health and the image of the baby.

Unlike sonar, it is the penetration of the soundwaves which creates the image.


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Ultrasonic NDT Application Areas


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Ultrasonic NDT Methods Ultrasonic microscopy can be successfully used for

local elastic property measurement, crack sizedetermination , as well as for interfacial damage inmaterials.

Evaluation of high temperature materials becomesmore easy with metal matrix composites.


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Ultrasonic NDT Examples


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Ultrasonic NDT Examples


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Ultrasonic NDT Areas

In applications where cyclic loading isexpected and where life management is

required, consideration must be given to the

behavior of the material in the vicinity of

stress risers such as notches and holes


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Liquid Penetration Methods With liquid penetration methods, you allow the

liquid to penetrate the surface of the structure.

If there are any mini cracks on the surface of the

item, the liquid will penetrate the through the

micro crack. Once you expose the surface toultraviolet light, any cracks will show luminescous.


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Applications of Liquid Penetration

Testing

For each type of material, special liquids may exist so that it

can penetrate the source through micro cracks.

This testing is done in aeronautics as well as mechanical

engineering on surface items.


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Liquid Penetration NDT Examples

Especially in structures containing elbows, itcan be a good idea to use liquid penetration

method to test for cracks.


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Liquid Penetration Images


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Eddy NDT Testing


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Magnetic Methods The structure or the component that is being

tested is exposed to magnetic currents. Thepart becomes magnetized as a result. Thevariations in the structure will create

discontinuity in the magnetic field.


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Types of Nuclear NDT

Radiography Methods Using X Rays

NDTUsing Gamma Rays

NDTUsing Neutrons


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X Ray NDT Just like a chest X

ray, the same

method is used to

send x rays from

excited electronsinto a solid body.

As a result,

impression of theinternal structure

is formed.


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Applications ofX Ray NDT X Ray Radiography is commonly used in testing

electronic components during assembly and also

after installation to test for defects.

X-

ray radiograph of a potted voltage multiplier assembly showing an air pocket (the whitearea) trapped under the printed circuit board.


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Gamma Ray NDT

Gamma Rays are used to determine the depthas well as any fluctuations in the internal

structure


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Neutron Bombardment NDT

This method is mainly used to understand thecomposition of unknown material.


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Another way it is used is that, neutron

radiography is a relatively new and unexploited

technique.

It can be extremely powerful, solving some

production problems that no other NDT

procedure can.

Neutron radiography has the invaluable ability

to view low atomic number materials (such as

plastics and lubricants)inside high atomic

number materials (such as steel and lead)


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Neutron radiograph of a small step motor. Notice the plastic bobbins are clearly

visible inside the steel motor housing. This image would be impossible to obtain

using X-rays.


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General NDT Examples


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Structural NDT Testing Example


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Aerospace NDT

During the assembly of aircraft and satellites, NDTtechniques are used widely to help determine

manufacturing errors.


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THANK

YOU

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Seminar - Non Destructive Testing Techniques Using Nuclear Methods

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