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Transcript of Seminar 1024
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 1
Seminar 1024
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
David J. [email protected]
DJE Systemshttp://www.djesys.com/
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 2
Agenda
Basic DCL ConceptsCommands
Command Procedures
Verbs
Symbols
Flow Control (IF, GOTO, GOSUB, CALL)
Useful Lexical Functions
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 3
Agenda
Logical namesLogical name tables
Logical name table search orderModifying the search order
Logical name typesSingle Translation
Search list
“Rooted” (Concealed) logical names
Lexical Function CaveatF$TRNLNM() differs from F$LOGICAL()
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 4
Agenda
Logical names, cont’dCluster-wide logical names
Caveats
SYS$COMMON NotesCaveats (VMS$COMMON)
Site-Specific PathsOrganizing local system management
code
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 5
Agenda
Network TopicsTCP/IP
TCP/IP Services (fka UCX)
Multinet
TCPware
CMU/IP (VAX only)
DECnetAccess control
FAL logging
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 6
Agenda
Network Topics, cont’dRemote procedures
Types
Security concerns
Network AlertsOPCOM alerts for DECnet network
access
OPCOM alerts for FTP network access
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 7
Agenda
System StartupSTARTUP phases
STARTUP parameters
Site-Specific startupsLogging SYSTARTUP_VMS.COM
Node-specific startups
Saving a crash dump at start-up time
Soft-coding # of logins allowed at startup
SYSMAN and STARTUP
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 8
Agenda
System ShutdownSHUTDOWN parameters
SHUTDOWN$xxxx logical names
AUTOGEN ShutdownsAGEN$SHUTDOWN_TIME logical name
Cluster ShutdownREMOVE_NODE
Using SYSMAN
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 9
Agenda
System/Startup File CaveatsDeprecated Lexical Functions
Lexical Function names misspelled
AUTOGENMODPARAMS.DAT
Reports and outputs
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 10
Agenda
OpenVMS Management ToolsStorageWorks Command Console (SWCC)
OpenVMS Management Station
AMDSAccessibility Manager for Distributed
Systems
Availability ManagerLike AMDS, runs on MS-Windows
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 11
Agenda
OpenVMS SecurityEssentials
UICs and File/Directory Protection
Access Control Lists (ACLs)
Access Control Entries (ACEs)
Rights Identifiers and ACEs
Propagating ACEs and Default Protections
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 12
Seminar 1024
Basic DCL
Concepts
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 13
Basic DCL Concepts
Command Elements
$ verb parameter_1 parameter_2
DCL commands consist of a verb and one or more parameters.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 14
DCL Command Proc.’s
$ @procedure_name
Top level (or terminal) is DEPTH 0.
Each new command procedure invoked is a new procedure DEPTH.
Maximum depth is still 32.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 15
DCL Command Proc.’s
Parameters
$ @procedure_name p1 p2 p3 … p8
Notes:• Only eight(8) parameters are passed from
the command line, P1 through P8• Parameters with embedded spaces must
be quoted strings.• Parameters are separated by a space.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 16
DCL Command Proc.’s
Parameters, cont’d
$ @procedure_name p1 p2 p3 … p8
Notes, Cont’d:• Reference parameters via the variable
names P1 through P8.• No built-in “shift” function. If you need it,
write it as a GOSUB.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 17
DCL Verbs
Internal commandsASSIGN, CALL, DEFINE, GOSUB, GOTO, IF, RETURN, SET, STOP, others…
External commandsAPPEND, BACKUP, COPY, DELETE, PRINT, RENAME, SET, SUBMIT, others...
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 18
DCL Verbs, Cont’d
“Foreign” Commands$ symbol = value
Examples:$ DIR :== DIRECTORY/SIZE=ALL/DATE
$ ZIP :== $ZIP/VMS
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 19
Command Qualifiers$ command/qualifier
$ command/qualifier=value
$ command/qualifier=(value,value)
$ command/qualifier=keyword=value
$ command/qualifier=-
(keyword=value,keyword=(value,value))
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 20
Non-positional Qualifiers
Apply to the entire command, no matter where they appear.
$ command param1/qual param2
Example:$ COPY A.DAT A.NEW/LOG
$ DELETE/LOG C.TMP;
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 21
Positional Qualifiers
Apply only to the object they qualify.
$ command param1/qual=value1 -
param2/qual=value2
Examples:$ PRINT/COPIES=2 RPT1.LIS, RPT2.LIS
$ PRINT RPT1.LIS/COPIES=1,-
RPT2.LIS/COPIES=3
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 22
Common Qualifiers
Many commands support a set of common qualifiers:
/BACKUP /BEFORE /CREATED /EXCLUDE /EXPIRED /INCLUDE /MODIFIED /OUTPUT /PAGE /SINCE
See the on-line HELP for specifics.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 23
DCL Statement Elements
$ vbl = value
DCL statements are typically assignments where a variable receives a value.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 24
Assignment Statements
$ vbl = F$lexical_function( params )
Examples:$ FSP = F$SEARCH(“*.TXT”)
$ DFLT = F$ENVIRONMENT (“DEFAULT”)
$ NODE = F$GETSYI(“NODENAME”)
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 25
Assignment Statements
$ vbl = string_expression
Examples:$ A = “String 1 “ + “String 2”
$ B = A - “String “ - “String “
$ C = ‘A’
Maximum string length 255 bytes (<=V7.3)
4096 bytes (>=V7.3-1)
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 26
Assignment Statements
$ vbl = numeric_expression
Examples:$ A = 1
$ B = A +1
$ C = B + A + %X7F25
$ D = %O3776
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 27
Assignment Statements
$ vbl[start_bit,bit_count]=numeric_exp
Examples:$ ESC[0,8]=%X1B
$ CR[0,8]=13
$ LF[0,8]=10
$ FF[0,8]=12
$ CRLF[0,8]=13
$ CRLF[8,8]=10
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 28
Assignment Statements$ ESC[0,8]=%X1B
$ SHOW SYMBOL ESC
ESC = "."
$ CR[0,8]=13
$ SHOW SYMBOL CR
CR = "."
$ LF[0,8]=10
$ SHOW SYMBOL LF
LF = "."
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 29
Assignment Statements$ FF[0,8]=12
$ SHOW SYMBOL FF
FF = "."
$ CRLF[0,8]=13
$ SHOW SYMBOL CRLF
CRLF = "."
$ CRLF[8,8]=10
$ SHOW SYMBOL CRLF
CRLF = ".."
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 30
Assignment Statements
DCL provides for substring replacement.
$ A := abcde
$ SHOW SYMBOL A
“ABCDE”
$ A[3,2]:=XX
$ SHOW SYMBOL A
“ABCXX”
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 31
Assignment Statements
$ vbl = boolean_expression
Examples:$ MANIA = (“TRUE” .EQS. “FALSE”)
$ TRUE = (1 .EQ. 1)
$ FALSE = (1 .EQ. 0)
$ YES = 1
$ NO = 0
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 32
Assignment Statements
Local Assignment:$ vbl = value
Global Assignment:$ vbl == value
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 33
Assignment Statements
Quoted String:$ vbl = “quoted string”
Case is preserved.
Examples:$ PROMPT = “Press RETURN to continue “
$ INVRSP = “% Invalid response!”
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 34
Assignment Statements
Unquoted string:$ vbl := unquoted string
Case is NOT preserved, becomes uppercase. Leading/trailing spaces are trimmed off.
Examples:$ SAY := Write Sys$Output
$ SYSMAN :== $SYSMAN ! Comment
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 35
Foreign Commands
$ vbl := $filespec[ param[ param[ …]]]
“filespec” defaults to SYS$SYSTEM:.EXE
Maximum string length: 510 bytes (<=V7.3)
4096 bytes (>=V7.3-1)
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 36
Symbol Scope
SET SYMBOL/SCOPE=NOLOCAL
All “outer” level local symbols are “invisible”
LOCALUndoes NOLOCAL
NOGLOBALAll “outer” level global symbols are
“invisible”
GLOBALUndoes NOGLOBAL
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 37
Symbol Scope
SET SYMBOL/GENERAL/SCOPE=xxxx
Specifies that the values of the /SCOPE qualifier pertain to the translation of all symbols except the first token on a command line.
/GENERAL is incompatible with /ALL or /VERB.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 38
Symbol Scope
SET SYMBOL/VERB/SCOPE=xxxx
Specifies that the values of the /SCOPE qualifier pertain to the translation of the first token on a command line as a symbol before processing only. It does not affect general symbol substitution.
/VERB is incompatible with /ALL or /GENERAL.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 39
Symbol Scope
SET SYMBOL/ALL/SCOPE=xxxx
Specifies that the values of the /SCOPE qualifier pertain both to the translation of the first token on a command line and to general symbol substitution.
/ALL is incompatible with /GENERAL or /VERB.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 40
Conditional Expressions
$ IF condition THEN statement
Variations:
$ IF condition THEN $ statement
$ IF condition THEN -
$ statement
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 41
Conditional Expressions
$ IF condition
$ THEN
$ statement(s)
$ ENDIF
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 42
Conditional Expressions
$ IF condition
$ THEN
$ IF condition
$ THEN
$ statement(s)
$ ENDIF
$ ENDIF
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 43
Conditional Expressions
$ IF condition
$ THEN
$ IF condition
$ THEN
$ statement(s)
$ ENDIF
$ statement(s)
$ ENDIF
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 44
Conditional Expressions
$ IF condition
$ THEN statement(s)
$ IF condition
$ THEN
$ statement(s)
$ ENDIF
$ ENDIF
This may not work in pre-V6 VMS!
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 45
Conditional Expressions
$ IF condition
$ THEN
$ statement(s)
$ ELSE
$ statement(s)
$ ENDIF
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 46
Labels, GOTO
$ GOTO label_1
.
.
.
$label_1:
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 47
GOSUB, RETURN
$ GOSUB label_1
.
.
.
$label_1:
$ statement(s)
$ RETURN
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 48
GOSUB, RETURN
Emulate UN*X/DOS shell SHIFT:$SHIFT:
$ P1 = P2
$ P2 = P3
$ P3 = P4
$ P4 = P5
$ P5 = P6
$ P6 = P7
$ P7 = P8
$ P8 = ""
$ RETURN
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 49
SUBROUTINE - ENDSUB...
$ CALL label_1[ param[ param[ …]].
.
.
$label_1: SUBROUTINE
$ statement(s)
$ END SUBROUTINE
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 50
Lexical FunctionsFunctions built into the DCL Lexicon
F$CONTEXT F$CSID F$CVSI F$CVTIME F$CVUI F$DEVICE F$DIRECTORY F$EDIT F$ELEMENT F$ENVIRONMENT F$EXTRACT F$FAO F$FILE_ATTRIBUTES F$GETDVI F$GETJPI F$GETQUI F$GETSYI F$IDENTIFIER F$INTEGER F$LENGTH F$LOCATE F$MESSAGE F$MODE F$PARSE F$PID F$PRIVILEGE F$PROCESS F$SEARCH F$SETPRV F$STRING F$TIME F$TRNLNM F$TYPE F$USER F$VERIFY
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 51
Common Lexical Functions$ vbl = F$CVTIME(string[, keyword[, keyword]])
“string” = Absolute time expression
“keyword” = (1st instance) is one of
“ABSOLUTE”, “COMPARISION”, “DELTA”
“keyword” = (2nd instance) is one of “DATE”, “DATETIME”, “DAY”, “MONTH”, “YEAR”, “HOUR”, “MINUTE”, “SECOND”, “HUNDREDTH”, “WEEKDAY”
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 52
Common Lexical FunctionsF$CVTIME(), Continued…
Defaults:
$ vbl = F$CVTIME(string, -
”COMPARISON”, -
”DATETIME” )
Pre-defined date strings:
TODAY, YESTERDAY, TOMORROW, BOOT
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 53
Common Lexical FunctionsF$CVTIME(), Continued…
Date Formats:
Comparison
YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS.CC
Absolute
DD-MMM-YYYY HH:MM:SS.CC
Delta
+/-DDDDD HH:MM:SS.CC
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 54
Common Lexical Functions
$ vbl = F$GETDVI( dev_name, keyword )“dev_name” is a valid device name
“keyword” is a quoted string
Examples:$ FBLK = F$GETDVI( “DUA0”,”FREEBLOCKS”)
$ MNTD = F$GETDVI( “DKA500”,”MNT”)
$ DVNM := DUA0:
$ VLNM := VOLNAM
$ VNAM = F$GETDVI( DVNM, VLNM )
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 55
Common Lexical Functions
$ vbl = F$QETQUI( -
function,-
item,-
value,-
keyword(s))
See the on-line help for descriptions.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 56
Common Lexical Functions
$ VBL = F$GETJPI( pid, keyword )
Examples:$ USN = F$GETJPI( 0, “USERNAME” )
$ MOD = F$GETJPI( 0, “MODE” )
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 57
Common Lexical Functions
$ vbl = F$GETSYI( item[, node[, csid]] )
Examples:$ NODE = F$GETSYI( “NODENAME” )
$ FGP = F$GETSYI( “FREE_GBLPAGES” )
$ FGS = F$GETSYI( “FREE_GBLSECTS” )
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 58
Common Lexical Functions
$ vbl = F$ELEMENT( idx, delim, string )Find the nth (delim) delimited element of a string.
Examples:$ A = F$ELEM( 2, “,”, “A,B,C,D,E,F” )
$ B = F$ELEM( 1, “ ”, “Turn it off” )
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 59
Seminar 1024
OpenVMS
Logical Names
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 60
Logical Names
A form of symbol with limited or system-wide scope.
$ show logical sys$sysroot
"SYS$SYSROOT" = "DJAS01$DKA300:[SYS0.]" (LNM$SYSTEM_TABLE)
= "SYS$COMMON:"
1 "SYS$COMMON" = "DJAS01$DKA300:[SYS0.SYSCOMMON.]" (LNM$SYSTEM_TABLE)
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 61
Logical Name Tables
LNM$SYSTEM_DIRECTORYLNM$JOB_xxxxxxxx
LNM$GROUP_xxxxxx
LNM$SYSTEM_TABLE
DECW$LOGICAL_NAMES
LNM$PROCESS_DIRECTORY
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 62
Logical Name Tables
Search Order:
$ sh log/tab=* lnm$file_dev
"LNM$FILE_DEV" = "LNM$PROCESS" (LNM$SYSTEM_DIRECTORY)
= "LNM$JOB"
= "LNM$GROUP"
= "LNM$SYSTEM"
= "DECW$LOGICAL_NAMES"
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 63
Logical Name Tables
Modifying the search order:$ DEFINE/TABLE=LNM$PROCESS_DIRECTORY -
LNM$FILE_DEV LNM$PROCESS,LNM_PRIVATE,-
LNM$GROUP,LNM$SYSTEM,-
DECW$LOGICAL_NAMES Defines a new search list in supervisor mode.
» Some software will only use “trusted” logical names in certain directories or those DEFINEd in an “inner’ (more privileged) mode.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 64
Logical Names
Single translation$ DEFINE lnm value
Search List$ DEFINE lnm value,value[,…]
Concealed Logical Names$ DEFINE lnm value/TRANS=CONCEAL
Rooted Logical Names$ DEFINE lnm ddcu:[dir.]/TRANS=CONCEAL
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 65
Logical Names
Creating$ DEFINE lnm value
$ ASSIGN value lnm
Deleting$ DEASSIGN lnm
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 66
Logical NamesAccess Modes
User DEFINE/USER
Supervisor DEFINE (/SUPER is default)
Executive DEFINE/EXECUTIVE,
requires CMEXEC privilege.
Kernel Can only be created by using
the $CRELNM system service,
requires CMKRNL privilege. Executive and Kernel mode logical names are “trusted”
since privilege is required to create them.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 67
Logical Names
Single Translation$ DEFINE lnm value
Examples:"LNM$PROCESS" = "LNM$PROCESS_TABLE"
(LNM$PROCESS_DIRECTORY)
"LNM$JOB" = "LNM$JOB_80D27B00" (LNM$PROCESS_DIRECTORY)
"LNM$GROUP" = "LNM$GROUP_000030" (LNM$PROCESS_DIRECTORY)
"LNM$SYSTEM" = "LNM$SYSTEM_TABLE" (LNM$SYSTEM_DIRECTORY)
“SYS$LOGIN" = "DKA0:[DDACHTERA]" (LNM$JOB_80D27B00)
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 68
Logical Names
Search Lists$ DEFINE lnm value,value[,…]
Examples:$ sh log sys$sysroot
"SYS$SYSROOT" = "DJAS01$DKA300:[SYS0.]" (LNM$SYSTEM_TABLE)
= "SYS$COMMON:"
1 "SYS$COMMON" = "DJAS01$DKA300:[SYS0.SYSCOMMON.]" (LNM$SYSTEM_TABLE)
$ sh log user_exe ! Presenter’s environment, not provided by VMS.
"USER_EXE" = "USER_IMG:" (LNM$JOB_80D27B00)
= "USER_COM:"
= "SYS$SPECIFIC:[SYSEXE]"
= "SYS$COMMON:[SYSEXE]"
1 "USER_IMG" = "USER_ROOT:[EXE.ALPHA]" (LNM$JOB_80D27B00)
1 "USER_COM" = "USER_ROOT:[EXE]" (LNM$JOB_80D27B00)
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 69
Logical Names
Concealed Logical Names$ DEFINE lnm value/TRANS=CONCEAL
Example:$ sh log sys$sysdevice
"SYS$SYSDEVICE" = "DJAS01$DKA300:" (LNM$SYSTEM_TABLE)
$ sh log sys$sysdevice/full
"SYS$SYSDEVICE" [exec] = "DJAS01$DKA300:" [concealed,terminal] (LNM$SYSTEM_TABLE)
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 70
Logical Names
“Rooted” Logical Names$ DEFINE lnm ddcu:[dir.]/TRANS=CONCEAL
Examples:$ show logical sys$specific,sys$common,user_root
"SYS$SPECIFIC" = "DJAS01$DKA300:[SYS0.]" (LNM$SYSTEM_TABLE)
"SYS$COMMON" = "DJAS01$DKA300:[SYS0.SYSCOMMON.]" (LNM$SYSTEM_TABLE)
"USER_ROOT" = "DKA0:[DDACHTERA.]" (LNM$JOB_80D27B00)
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 71
Logical Names
Using rooted logical names
Examples:$ show logical sys$sysroot,user_root,user_com,user_img
"SYS$SYSROOT" = "DJAS01$DKA300:[SYS0.]" (LNM$SYSTEM_TABLE)
= "SYS$COMMON:"
1 "SYS$COMMON" = "DJAS01$DKA300:[SYS0.SYSCOMMON.]" (LNM$SYSTEM_TABLE)
"USER_ROOT" = "DKA0:[DDACHTERA.]" (LNM$JOB_80D27B00)
"USER_COM" = "USER_ROOT:[EXE]" (LNM$JOB_80D27B00)
"USER_IMG" = "USER_ROOT:[EXE.ALPHA]" (LNM$JOB_80D27B00)
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 72
Logical Names & Lexicals
Beware:
F$LOGICAL() (deprecated) differs from F$TRNLNM().
F$LOGICAL() uses hard-coded search list internally: Process, Job, Group, System.
F$TRNLNM() uses LNM$FILE_DEV
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 73
Cluster-Wide Logical Names
New in V7.2.
Defined in table LNM$SYSCLUSTER
LNM$SYSTEM is now a search list:$ show log/tab=* lnm$system
"LNM$SYSTEM" = "LNM$SYSTEM_TABLE" (LNM$SYSTEM_DIRECTORY)
= "LNM$SYSCLUSTER"
1 "LNM$SYSCLUSTER" = "LNM$SYSCLUSTER_TABLE" (LNM$SYSTEM_DIRECTORY)
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 74
Cluster-Wide Logical Names
Caveat: There is no /CLUSTER qualifier for
DEFINE, ASSIGN or DEASSIGN. Use /TABLE= LNM$SYSCLUSTER
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 75
Logical Names
Notes:VMS$COMMON usually not found in system logical names.
It IS possible to have a system with a missing or corrupted VMS$COMMON.
OpenVMS upgrades will fail.
Difficult to recover.
Running in this condition is not supported.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 76
Logical Names
Leave OpenVMS-provided logical names alone.
ReDEFINE-ing things like SYS$SYSROOT can jeopardize support position or system certification (Healthcare, etc.)
If any of these are reDEFINEd, do it at the /PROCESS level, not system-wide and make sure to leave the system account “pristine”.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 77
Logical Names
Leave OpenVMS-provided logical names alone.
Probably okay to do this in a privileged account other than SYSTEM.
If these are needed at SYSTARTUP_VMS time, invoke a proc. to do the DEFINEs, then invoke the proc.’s that need the local logical names, then clean up using DEASSIGN/PROCESS.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 78
Logical Names
It is possible to organize your site-specific procedures and keep them separated from the OpenVMS files without reDEFINE-ing any logical names provided by OpenVMS.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 79
Logical Names
OpenVMS Logical Names:Usually contain a “$” (dollar sign).
User (Site-Specific) Logical NamesAvoid “$” – use underscore:
SYS_MANAGER
SYS_BACKUP
SYS_OPERATOR
SYS_HELP
SYS_ROOT
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 80
Logical Names$ sho log sys_*(LNM$PROCESS_TABLE)(LNM$JOB_80D128C0)(LNM$GROUP_000030)(LNM$SYSTEM_TABLE) "SYS_BACKUP" = "SYS_ROOT:[BACKUP]" "SYS_HELP" = “SYS_ROOT:[SYSHLP]" "SYS_MANAGER" = "SYS_ROOT:[SYSMGR]" "SYS_OPERATOR" = "SYS_ROOT:[OPERATOR]” “SYS_ROOT“ = “SYS$SYSDEVICE:[XYZCORP.]” = ”SYS$SYSROOT:”
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 81
Logical Names
Site-specific logical names for system management can be organized in their own logical name tables.
User Logical name table can be added to LNM$FILE_DEV, but don’t do that system-wide – DEFINE things /PROCESS.
See the earlier example of how to modify the LNM$FILE_DEV search list for a process.
/PROCESS is the default for DEFINE and ASSIGN if not specified.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 82
Logical Names
None of us is immortal.
Remember to document your customizations THOROUGHLY!
If you get hit by a bus today, will someone else be able to come in and understand what you’ve done?
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 83
Seminar 1024
OpenVMS
Networking
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 84
Networking
Network stacks for OpenVMS: TCP/IP DECnet
» Phase IV» Phase V (DECnet/OSI)
Utilities:
LANCP (works without DECnet)
SET HOST/MOP (Phase V - NET$CCR)
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 85
Networking - TCP/IP
TCP/IP Services for OpenVMSFormerly known as UCX (Ultrix Connection)
Developed, sold and supported by HP, shares code base with Tru64 TCP/IP
Management interface somewhat weak.Some features (like adding secondary name server) require editing config. files manually. Access to non-volatile Database inconsistent: sometimes SET CONFIG, sometimes SET/PERMANENT.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 86
Networking TCP/IP
TCPwareNative to and developed on OpenVMS (originally on VAX/VMS, ported to Alpha).
Developed, sold and supported by Process Software, Inc.
Proprietary Management Interface, now similar to Multinet in some ways.
Slightly more functionality than (UCX), performs better than Multinet and *UCX).
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 87
Networking - TCP/IP
MultinetDeveloped from BSD V4.3 code by TGV, Inc. on VAX/VMS, ported to Alpha.Now developed, sold and supported by Process Software, Inc.
Proprietary Management Interface.
Functionality similar to TCPware.
Performance is somewhat better than (UCX), less than TCPware.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 88
Networking - TCP/IP
Author’s opinion re: Marvel:
TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS will probably be Marvel-ready sooner than Process Software’s products; however, TCPware and Multinet provide more robust functionality - should be worth waiting for on Marvel. (SMP considerations)
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 89
Networking - TCP/IP
CMU/IP
Freeware, a bit old.
Originally developed by TEK, released to Carnegie Mellon Univ. C.S. department - became freeware.
VAX only - no known Alpha port.
TCP/IP-V4 only.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 90
Networking - DECnet
Developed by Digital for PDP-11, migrated to VAX and ported to Alpha.
Phase-IV is in use widely.
Phase V used where it is needed. Also known as DECnet-Plus or DECnet/OSI.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 91
Networking - DECnet
DECnet Phase IV is very SysAdmin friendly, but takes some getting used to.
“Set it and forget it” - easily configured, does not issue a lot of OPCOM messages unless there is trouble on the line(s).
Specification was published, no longer publicly available on the web.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 92
Networking - DECnet
DECnet Phase IVPermanent database
DEFINE commands in NCP
Volatile databaseSET commands in NCP
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 93
Networking - DECnet
DECnet Phase IVProvides MOP Remote Console
CONNECT command in NCP
Provides MOP downline load, upline dumpLOAD and TRIGGER commands in NCP
Provides for remote management of other nodes.
SET EXECUTOR NODE command in NCP, requires privilege and remote password.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 94
Networking - DECnet
DECnet Phase V (DECnet-Plus)More complicated to manage - management paradigm follows the OSI seven-layer model.
Circuits are built from the bottom up, following the OSI seven-layer model.
Management is performed using NCL (Network Control Language).
Non-volatile database is .NCL files - no “permanent” database.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 95
Networking - DECnet
DECnet Phase V (DECnet-Plus)OPCOM messages are more plentiful and more verbose than Phase IV.
Allows for diagnosis of trouble in each layer.
Provides some features not available in Phase IV.
Complete specification is not published.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 96
Networking - DECnet
Access Control» Set up proxy records in
SYS$SYSTEM:NET$PROXY.DAT using the AUTHORIZE program.
» Enable proxy access in NCP (Phase-IV): incoming, outgoing.
– Incoming proxy access, if disabled, defaults to the access control info of the target object instead of the source node/user.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 97
Networking - DECnet
Access Control» Create the proxy database if it doesn’t
already exist. Use AUTHORIZE, CREATE/PROXY
» Set up proxy records in Authorize.» Enable proxy access in NCL (Phase-V):
See the SET SESSION CONTROL statements.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 98
Networking - DECnet
FAL Logging Two Logical Names:
» FAL$LOG» FAL$OUTPUT
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 99
Networking - DECnet
FAL Logging FAL$LOG
In SYLOGIN or the DECnet object file:
$ DEFINE FAL$LOG “1/disable=8”This is an unsupported feature
“1”: file name and file type access information
disable=8 disables “Poor Man’s Routing”: dir node1::node2::node3::
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 100
Networking - DECnet
FAL Logging FAL$LOG, cont’d
Produces copious output - use with discretion.
FAL$OUTPUTCan be used to specify the name of the log file to create in place of SYS$OUTPUT
$ DEFINE FAL$OUTPUT FAL.LOG
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 101
Networking - LAT
LAT - Local Area Transport Robust, Efficient
» Can package data for multiple sessions at the same MAC address into common packets.
Not routable» No routable info in the network layer
DEC-proprietary (licensed)» Specification published under license
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 102
Networking - LAT
LAT Control Program (LATCP) Managememt interface for LAT Controls services broadcast by an
OpenVMS node Used to create, manage and delete LTA
devices on OpenVMS nodes.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 103
Networking MOP
Maintenance Operation Protocol Not routable
» No routable info in the network layer DEC-proprietary (licensed)
» Specification published under license Remote Console facility Downline load, upline dump.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 104
Networking MOPMaintenance Operation Protocol User interfaces - Remote Console:
» NCP (DECnet Phase IV)CONNECT NODE
CONNECT VIA circuit_id PHYS ADDR mac_addr
» LANCPCONNECT NODE name/DEVICE=enet_dev:
» SET HOST/MOP (DECnet Phase V)SET HOST/MOP node_name
SET HOST/MOP/ADDR=mac_addr/CIRC=xxxx
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 105
Networking MOP
Maintenance Operation Protocol User interfaces - Downline Load, Upline
dump:» NCP (DECnet Phase IV)
DEFINE/SET NODE name -
ADDRESS xx-xx-xx-xx-xx-xx -
SERVICE CIRCUIT xxx-n -
LOAD FILE filespec -
SECONDARY LOADER filespec -
DUMP FILE filespec
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 106
Networking MOP
Maintenance Operation Protocol User interfaces - Downline Load:
» LANCPDEFINE NODE name -
/ADDRESS=xx-xx-xx-xx-xx-xx-
/FILE=filespec– Mostly for use in booting LAVc nodes– LANCP does not provide for upline dump
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 107
Networking - Remote Access
Types of remote Access: DECnet
» SET HOST (CTERM)» Remote File Access» NML (NCP SET EXECUTOR NODE)
LAT» Connect (from terminal server or PC
w/LAT)» SET HOST/LAT
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 108
Networking - Remote Access
Types of remote Access, cont’d: TCP/IP:
» TELNET» Rshell» Rlogin
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 109
Networking - Remote Proc.’s
Types of Remote Procedures: DECnet
» DECnet objects» SUBMIT/REMOTE, PRINT/REMOTE
TCP/IP» RPC (Remote Procedure Call)» Secure Socket Layer (SSL)
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 110
Networking - Remote Proc.’s
Security Concerns DECnet objects like TASK Unsecured accounts by any access
method. (This is not a security presentation.)
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 111
Network Alerts
OPCOM Alerts for network access SET AUDIT/ENABLE=CONNECTION
» DECnet (Phase IV)» $IPC» SYSMAN
SET AUDIT/ENABLE=LOGIN=» ALL, BATCH, DETACHED, DIALUP,
LOCAL, NETWORK, REMOTE, SUBPROCESS
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 112
Network Alerts
Additional OPCOM Alerts for FTP Add commands to the DCL proc.
associated with the FTP service.» Example: MULTINET:FTP_SERVER.COM
Can be as general or specific needed. See the documentation and example
code for your TCP/IP stack.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 113
Seminar 1024
System Startup
Procedure
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 114
System Startup
Default /STARTUP procedure: SYS$SYSTEM:STARTUP.COM Set using SYSBOOT, SYSGEN or
SYSMAN.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 115
System Startup
STARTUP Phases: In SYS$STARTUP:VMS$VMS.DAT
» RMS Indexed file» Changes to this area of the startup are
*NOT* supported by HP.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 116
System Startup
STARTUP Phases:$ TY SYS$STARTUP:VMS$VMS.DAT
BASEENVIRON DVMS$BASEENVIRON-050_VMS.COM
E*BASEENVIRON DVMS$BASEENVIRON-050_SMISERVER.COM
E*BASEENVIRON DVMS$BASEENVIRON-050_LIB.COM
E*BASEENVIRON DDECDTM$STARTUP.COM
E*BASEENVIRON DLICENSE_CHECK.EXE
E*CONFIG DVMS$CONFIG-050_VMS.COM
E*CONFIG DVMS$CONFIG-050_ERRFMT.COM
E*CONFIG DVMS$CONFIG-050_CACHE_SERVER.COM
E*CONFIG DVMS$CONFIG-050_CSP.COM
E*CONFIG DVMS$CONFIG-050_OPCOM.COM
E*CONFIG DVMS$CONFIG-050_AUDIT_SERVER.COM
E*CONFIG DVMS$CONFIG-050_JOBCTL.COM
E*CONFIG DVMS$CONFIG-050_LMF.COM
E*CONFIG DVMS$CONFIG-050_SHADOW_SERVER.COM
E*CONFIG DVMS$CONFIG-050_SECURITY_SERVER.COM
E*DEVICES DVMS$DEVICE_STARTUP.COM
E*INITIAL DVMS$INITIAL-050_VMS.COM
E*INITIAL DVMS$INITIAL-050_LIB.COM
E*INITIAL CVMS$INITIAL-050_CONFIGURE.COM
E*LPBEGIN DVMS$LPBEGIN-050_STARTUP.COM
E*PRECONFIG DIPC$STARTUP.COM
E*PRECONFIG DVMS$SPIRALOG_STARTUP.COM
E*
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 117
System Startup Phases, Files
INITIAL
DEVICESSYCONFIG
SYLOGICALS
SYPAGSWPFILES
PRECONFIG
CONFIGSYSECURITY
BASEENVIRON
LPBEGINSYSTARTUP_VMS
LPMAIN
LPBETA
END
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 118
System Startup Phases, Files
INITIAL
DEVICESSYCONFIG These files are always
SYLOGICALS executed, even during a
SYPAGSWPFILES “MIN”-imum boot.
PRECONFIG
CONFIGSYSECURITY
BASEENVIRON
LPBEGINSYSTARTUP_VMS
LPMAIN
LPBETA
END
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 119
System Startup
Site-Specific STARTUPs: SYSTARTUP_VMS.COM in
SYS$MANAGER path. SYSTARTUP_V5.COM in V5.x SYSTARTUP.COM in V4 and earlier.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 120
System Startup
STARTUP Parameters: STARTUP_P1
» blank - Normal System Startup» “MIN” - Minimal Startup
– No SYSTARTUP_VMS but– Most of the other SY*.COM proc.’s will still be
run.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 121
System Startup
STARTUP Parameters: STARTUP_P2
» blank - Normal System Startup» “1”, “YES” or “TRUE” - Verify on
STARTUP_P3 thru _P8» Reserved for future use
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 122
System Startup
SYSTARTUP_VMS : Author prefers to keep procedure
modular for easier maintenance, invoke modules from SYSTARTUP_VMS:$ SET NOON
.
.
.
$ @MOUNT_DISKS
$ @DEFINE_GROUP_LOGICALS
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 123
System Startup
SYSTARTUP_VMS : Author prefers to keep procedure
modular for easier maintenance, invoke node-specific proc.’s from SYSTARTUP_VMS:
$ FSP = F$SEARCH( -
“SYS$MANAGER:SYSTARTUP.COM” )
$ IF FSP .NES. “” THEN @&FSP
» Avoids redundant, cut-and-paste code.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 124
System Startup
SYSTARTUP_VMS : Logging SYSTARTUP_VMS:
$ SET NOON
$ DEFINE SYS$OUTPUT -
SYS$MANAGER:SYSTARTUP_VMS.LOG
.
.
.
$ DEASSIGN SYS$OUTPUT
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 125
System Startup
Saving/reporting a crash dump at System Startup time:
$ ANALYZE/CRASH_DUMP SYS$SYSTEM:SYSDUMP.DMP
COPY ddcu:<dir>:SAVEDUMP.DMP ! copy to wherever is convenient.
SET OUTPUT SYS$MANAGER:SYSDUMP.LIS ! Set this as you like
READ/EXEC
! READ SYS$SYSTEM:SYSDEF ! For VAX
READ SYS$LOADABLE_IMAGES:SYSDEF ! For Alpha
SHOW CRASH
SHOW STACK /ALL
SHOW SUMMARY
SHOW PROCESS /PCB /PHD /REGISTERS
SHOW SYMBOL /ALL
EXIT
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 126
System Startup
DEFINE-ing Group Logicals at Startup:» SET up a DCL procedure to DEFINE (or
assign) the needed logicals using /GROUP and whatever access mode is appropriate.
» Invoke that procedure as a detached process at system startup time.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 127
System StartupDEFINE-ing Group Logicals at Startup:
Example:$ RUN SYS$SYSTEM:LOGINOUT.EXE-
/UIC=[300,1]-
/INPUT=GROUP_300_LOGICALS.COM-
/OUTPUT=GROUP_300_LOGICALS.LOG
The UIC specified does not need to exist in the UAF.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 128
System Startup
DEFINE-ing Group Logicals at Startup:
Alternate Example:$ RUN SYS$SYSTEM:LOGINOUT.EXE-
/UIC=[300,1]/INPUT=NLA0:/OUTPUT=NLA0:
» The UIC specified does not need to exist in the UAF.
» The example creates the LNM$GROUP_000300 table.
» Logical names can then be created in that table by any suitably privileged process.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 129
System Startup
Setting logins at Startup: Global DCL symbol (STARTUP
process) is set up during SYS$STARTUP:VMS$BASEENVIRON-050_VMS.COM:$startup$interactive_logins == 64
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 130
System Startup
Setting logins at Startup, cont’d: Global DCL symbol (STARTUP
process) is used in SYS$STARTUP:VMS$LPBEGIN-050_STARTUP.COM:$set logins/interactive='startup$interactive_logins
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 131
System Startup
Setting logins at Startup, cont’d: Change the value of
startup$interactive_logins during SYSTARTUP_VMS:
$ startup$interactive_logins == -
F$GETSYI( “IJOBLIM” )
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 132
System Startup
Setting logins at Startup, cont’d:
$ startup$interactive_logins == -
F$GETSYI( “IJOBLIM” )
Notes: Set the desired value for IJOBLIM in
MODPARAMS and run AUTOGEN, or change the CURRENT value using SYSMAN or SYSGEN. Change takes effect on next boot.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 133
System Startup
Setting logins at Startup, cont’d:
$ startup$interactive_logins == -
F$GETSYI( “IJOBLIM” )
Notes, cont’d: IJOBLIM is a dynamic parameter. The
SET LOGINS/INTERACTIVE command displays or varies its value. See the HELP.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 134
System Startup
Setting logins at Startup, cont’d:
SET LOGINS/INTERACTIVE caveat: Largely undocumented, little known fact:
until this command is issued for the first time after a reboot, the job controller will not create interactive processes.
If used in SYSTARTUP_VMS, it may enable logins before the system is ready for users to log in.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 135
System Startup
Setting logins at Startup, cont’d:
SET LOGINS/INTERACTIVE caveat: DO NOT USE THIS COMMAND IN
SYSTARTUP_VMS!!! …or any proc. that it invokes!!! Use the global DCL symbol instead
(STARTUP$INTERACTIVE_LOGINS).
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 136
System Startup - VMS Files Must never be changed unless software
documentation or VMS support instructs you to do so.
May be replaced when VMS or layered products are upgraded.
May use deprecated lexical functions (like F$LOGICAL()), or may contain misspelled function names (like F$GETSYS(), DCL sees only F$GETS).
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 137
System Startup - VMS Files Site-specific startups are usually found
in the SYS$MANAGER path.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 138
Seminar 1024
SYSMAN and
STARTUP
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 139
SYSMAN & STARTUP
SYSMAN can be used to modify the “user” portion of the startup database.
» Two database files used by SYSMAN:STARTUP$STARTUP_VMS
Used for the VMS startup
DO NOT MODIFY !!!
STARTUP$STARTUP_LAYEREDWhen you add an item using SYSMAN it
goes here.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 140
SYSMAN & STARTUP
SYSMAN can be used to modify the “user” portion of the startup database.» Not as flexible the traditional method using
SYSTARTUP_VMS.» Not as widely used. Incoming SysAdmins
may be unware of previous modifications to the startup database using SYSMAN.
» Allows for specifying that some startup procedures run in BATCH, in-line (DIRECT) or in sub-processes (SPAWN).
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 141
SYSMAN & STARTUP» Allows for entering startup items that run
after SYSTARTUP_VMS.– SYSTARTUP_VMS is invoked during the
LPBEGIN phase.– Valid phases for SYSMAN STARTUP entries
are LPBEGIN, LPMAIN, LPBETA and END.– Premature logins are possible if
SYSTARTUP_VMS enables logins before startups in later phases (LPMAIN, LPBETA or END) have run.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 142
Seminar 1024
Conversational Boot,
Minimum Startup
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 143
Conversational BootMost Current Alphas, VAX 7000:
>>> boot –fl x,1
VAX 6000>>> BOOT boot_profile/R5=1>>> BOOT boot_profile/R5=x0000001
Older small VAXes>>> B/R5:1 or B/R5:x0000001
VAX 8000’sSee the manual
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 144
Minimum Boot>>> b –fl 10,1
SYSBOOT> SET STARTUP_P1 “MIN”
SYSBOOT> CONTINUE
Use SET WRITESYSPARAMS 0 before CONTINUE for a one-time minimum boot.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 145
Seminar 1024
System Shutdown
Procedure
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 146
System Shutdown
$ @SYS$SYSTEM:SHUTDOWN» Prompts interactively for parameters» Parameters can also be specified on the
command line that invokes the procedure.– See the SHUTDOWN and REBOOT symbols in
SYS$MANAGER:LOGIN.TEMPLATE
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 147
System Shutdown
SYS$SYSTEM:SHUTDOWN.COM
Parameters:P1 = Minutes to final shutdown
P2 = Reason for Shutdown
P3 = Spin down disk volumes? (Y/N)
P4 = Invoke SYSHUTDWN.COM? (Y/N)
P5 = When will system be rebooted?
P6 = Should auto. reboot be performed? (Y/N)
P7 = Options (SAVE_FEEDBACK, etc.)– P5 and P6 are reverse order to the prompts.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 148
Site-Specific Shutdown Proc.
SYSHUTDWN.COM
Found in the SYS$MANAGER path.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 149
System Shutdown
SYS$SYSTEM:SHUTDOWN.COM
Logical NamesSHUTDOWN$MINIMUM_MINUTES
Default value for minutes to final shutdown.
AGEN$SHUTDOWN_TIMEUsed by AUTOGEN as minutes to final SHUTDOWN or REBOOT.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 150
Shutdown Options
REBOOT_CHECK
SAVE_FEEDBACK
DISABLE_AUTOSTART
POWER_OFF
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 151
Shutdown Options
REBOOT_CHECK Performs a basic check for the
existence of files needed to reboot the system.
Not comprehensive - cannot detect a damaged boot block, corrupted bootstrap image, etc.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 152
Shutdown Options
SAVE_FEEDBACK Saves some vital statistics about the
system that can be used by AUTOGEN after the system comes back up.
Same as the SAVPARAMS phase of AUTOGEN.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 153
Shutdown Options
DISABLE_AUTOSTART Use this if needed to prevent
AUTOSTART queues on this node from being restarted once SHUTDOWN has STOPped them.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 154
Shutdown Options
POWER_OFF If the system console supports it,
request that the machine power itself down once VMS has been SHUTDOWN.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 155
Shutdown Options - Clusters
REMOVE_NODE for all but the last node.» Node exits the cluster gracefully.
CLUSTER_SHUTDOWN for the last cluster node to be shutdown.» If used on all nodes, each node waits for
other nodes to reach the point of exiting the cluster, then proceeds to shutdown (“dissolves” the cluster).
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 156
Every Shutdown Author recommends you always specify
option REBOOT_CHECK for all nodes. Has been helpful in preventing some
nasty surprises.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 157
Seminar 1024
AUTOGEN
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 158
AUTOGEN
SYS$UPDATE:AUTOGEN.COM
DCL procedure supplied by OpenVMS as an aid in tuning the OpenVMS system.
Not a replacement for diligent system management.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 159
AUTOGEN Applies changes to the default system
parameters as specified in the fileSYS$SYSTEM:MODPARAMS.DAT
Is invoked during installs and upgrades, sometimes more than once.
Can be used to help size the swap and page files.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 160
AUTOGEN - MODPARAMS
SYS$SYSTEM:MODPARAMS.DAT This is where changes to the default
values are made so they persist from one AUTOGEN to the next.
Entries look like this:parameter_name = needed_value
MIN_parameter_name = needed_value
MAX_parameter_name = needed_value
ADD_ parameter_name = needed_value
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 161
AUTOGEN - MODPARAMS
parameter_name = needed_value Provides a hard-coded value for the
parameter.SCSNODE = “ALPHAONE”
GBLPAGES = 121589 AUTOGEN calculations do not over-ride
hard-coded values.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 162
AUTOGEN - MODPARAMS
MIN_parameter_name = minimum_value Provides a minimum value for the
parameter.MIN_GBLPAGES = 121589
AUTOGEN may calculate and use a higher value, but will always use the MIN_ if it calculates a lower value.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 163
AUTOGEN - MODPARAMSMAX_parameter_name = maximum_value Provides a maximum value for the
parameter.MAX_GBLPAGES = 12158900
AUTOGEN may calculate and use a lower value, but will always use the MAX_ if it calculates a higher value.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 164
AUTOGEN - MODPARAMS
ADD_parameter_name = addtl_value Provides an addition to the default value
for the parameter.ADD_GBLPAGES = 81920
AUTOGEN can use feedback to calculate a new value, then adds the specified value to the calculated value.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 165
AUTOGEN - PhasesSAVPARAMS - Collects Feedback
GETDATA - Collects all other data
GENPARAMS - Generates new parameters
TESTFILES - Calculates new sys file sizes
GENFILES - Generates new system files
SETPARAMS - Creates new boot param.’s
SHUTDOWN - Shutdown the system
REBOOT - Reboot the system
HELP - Displays AUTOGEN info
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 166
AUTOGEN - PhasesSAVPARAMS
Saves dynamic feedback from the running system.
Same as SAVE_FEEBACK option of SHUTDOWN.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 167
AUTOGEN - PhasesGETDATA
Collects all data to be used in AUTOGEN calculations.
Includes existing feedback data if it is not over 30 days old.
Includes MODPARAMS info.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 168
AUTOGEN - PhasesGENPARAMS
Performs calculations and generates the new system parameters (but does not yet set them into the “Current” parameters).
Creates the new list of installed images based on the state of the currently running system.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 169
AUTOGEN - PhasesTESTFILES
Calculates new page and swap file sizes, but does not apply any changes.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 170
AUTOGEN - PhasesGENFILES
Generates new swap and page files based on AUTOGEN calculations.
Use entries in MODPARAMS to override:
DUMPFILE=0
SWAPFILE=0
PAGEFILE=0
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 171
AUTOGEN - PhasesSETPARAMS
Creates the new boot-time (“current”) parameters.
Changes take effect on the next boot.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 172
AUTOGEN - PhasesSHUTDOWN
Shutdown the system and leave it ready for a manual boot or other console-level operations.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 173
AUTOGEN - PhasesREBOOT
Reboot the system using the newly generated parameters and/or system files.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 174
AUTOGEN - PhasesHELP
Display HELP information for how to use AUTOGEN.
Useful to output this to a file:
$ @SYS$UPDATE:AUTOGEN-
/OUTPUT=AGEN_HELP.LIS HELP
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 175
AUTOGEN - PhasesTypical uses:
See if current MODPARAMS settings are suitable:
$ @SYS$UPDATE:AUTOGEN -
SAVPARAMS TESTFILES
Generate new system parameters for next boot:
$ @SYS$UPDATE:AUTOGEN -
SAVPARAMS SETPARAMS
AUTOGEN using previously saved feedback:
$ @SYS$UPDATE:AUTOGEN -
GENPARAMS SETPARAMS
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 176
AUTOGEN - PhasesTypical uses:
AUTOGEN ignoring feedback:
$ @SYS$UPDATE:AUTOGEN -
GENPARAMS SETPARAMS NOFEEDBACK
AUTOGEN using previously saved feedback, if it is
valid:
$ @SYS$UPDATE:AUTOGEN -
GENPARAMS SETPARAMS - CHECK_FEEDBACK
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 177
AUTOGEN - ReportSYS$SYSTEM:AGEN$PARAMS.REPORT Generated on each run of AUTOGEN during
the GENPARAMS phase. Indicates any MODPARAMS errors detected
by AUTOGEN. Indicates the results of AUTOGEN
calculations and resulting changes to system parameters.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 178
AUTOGEN - LoggingAUTOGEN issues useful information on SYS$OUTPUT, also.
Some SysAdmins find this useful:$ @SYS$UPDATE:AUTOGEN/OUT=AGEN.LOG -
start_phase end_phase
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 179
Seminar 1024
Useful Tips
and Tricks
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 180
Useful Tips and Tricks
An “uptime” command:
$ SHOW SYSTEM/NOPROCESS
$ UPT*TIME :== SHOW SYSTEM/NOPROCESS
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 181
Useful Tips and Tricks
An simple command to show usage:
$ SHL :== -
PIPE SHOW USERS/FULL | -
(READ SYS$PIPE P9 ; -
WRITE SYS$OUTPUT P9 ; -
READ SYS$PIPE P9 ; -
WRITE SYS$OUTPUT P9 ; -
SET LOGINS)
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 182
Seminar 1024
OpenVMS System
Management Tools
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 183
System Management Tools
Supplied as no-charge additional software, licensed with OpenVMS.
StorageWorks Command Console(SWCC)
OpenVMS Management Station(“TNT” or “Argus”)
Accessibility Manager for Distributed Systems (AMDS), Availability Manager
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 184
Seminar 1024
StorageWorks
Command Console
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 185
StorageWorks Cmd Console
Provides MS/Win GUI for management of StorageWorks storage array controllers.» HSJ (CI)» HSZ (SCSI)» HSG (FC-SF)
Uses TCP/IP to communicate with server agent on OpenVMS.
Behaves like other “Explorer” software.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 186
StorageWorks Cmd Console
Limitations: PC’s IP address must back-translate
» DHCP is o.k. so long as DNS is updated when address lease is obtained / renewed.
Does not work over WAN unless PC’s DNS name is “visible” outside of firewall and firewall allows the TCP ports.
OpenVMS server agent will only run on one node of a cluster.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 187
StorageWorks Cmd Console
Limitations, cont’d: Unit names and storage-set names are
assigned randomly and arbitrarily.» Some names can be changed manually
using the CLI. Can hold onto the virtual console so that
other access means are denied:» SET HOST/DUP, SET HOST/SCSI
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 188
StorageWorks Cmd Console
Limitations, cont’d: Disks falling into the Failed Set are
detected and reported as warnings; however, CLI messages are not passed through to the GUI - you must still connect to the CLI to get them.» “Other controller restarted”» Cache battery alerts
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 189
StorageWorks Cmd Console
Limitations, cont’d:
No provisions for running HSx utilities and diagnostics.
No performance data available via the GUI - use the CLI to run VTDPY.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 190
StorageWorks Cmd Console
Management Considerations PCs must be authorized to access
OpenVMS server agent. Use the SWCC configuration utility supplied with the OpenVMS-side software.
Controllers and/or controller pairs must be set up using the SWCC configuration utility supplied with the OpenVMS-side software.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 191
StorageWorks Cmd Console
Management Considerations HSZ and HSG controller pairs present
only a single virtual device for remote access - cannot connect to an individual controller by name using the CLI window.
You will still need to access the physical console terminal port from time to time, as when a controller fails out of the pair.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 192
StorageWorks Cmd Console
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 193
StorageWorks Cmd Console
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 194
StorageWorks Cmd Console
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 195
StorageWorks Cmd Console
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 196
StorageWorks Cmd Console
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 197
StorageWorks Cmd Console
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 198
StorageWorks Cmd Console
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 199
StorageWorks Cmd Console
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 200
StorageWorks Cmd Console
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 201
StorageWorks Cmd Console
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 202
StorageWorks Cmd Console
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 203
StorageWorks Cmd Console
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 204
StorageWorks Cmd Console
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 205
StorageWorks Cmd Console
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 206
StorageWorks Cmd Console
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 207
StorageWorks Cmd Console
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 208
StorageWorks Cmd Console
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 209
StorageWorks Cmd Console
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 210
StorageWorks Cmd Console
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 211
Seminar 1024
OpenVMS
Management
Station
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 212
OpenVMS Mgt Station
Provides an MS/Win GUI for management of some areas of OpenVMS:
User records and identifiers OpenVMS storage Printer (but not batch) queues. Uses TCP/IP to communicate between
Windows client and OpenVMS Server.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 213
OpenVMS Mgt Station
Considerations: No interfaces for application-specific
user setups. Provides only for “traditional” OpenVMS
printer queues - no provisions for TCP/IP considerations.
V3.0 is still available for Alpha/NT. Later versions are Intel only.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 214
OpenVMS Mgt Station
Considerations: Runs on W/NT and W2K, W/98, and
W/95, but needs Internet Explorer V3.02 or later to provide some support.
V3.2 Server needs OpenVMS V6.2 or later.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 215
OpenVMS Mgt Station
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 216
OpenVMS Mgt Station
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 217
OpenVMS Mgt Station
Set up Wizard
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 218
OpenVMS Mgt Station
Set up Wizard
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 219
OpenVMS Mgt Station
Set up Wizard
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 220
OpenVMS Mgt Station
Set up Wizard
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 221
OpenVMS Mgt Station
Set up Wizard
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 222
OpenVMS Mgt Station
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 223
OpenVMS Mgt Station
Logon to a managed system
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 224
OpenVMS Mgt Station
Accounts Window
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 225
OpenVMS Mgt Station
Account
Detail
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 226
OpenVMS Mgt Station
Printers and other Symbiont Queues
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 227
OpenVMS Mgt Station
Detail of Printers / Symbiont Queues
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 228
OpenVMS Mgt Station
OpenVMS Storage
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 229
OpenVMS Mgt Station
OpenVMS Storage Detail
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 230
OpenVMS Mgt Station OpenVMS Server reads OMS
configuration when it starts.
Storage configured in OMS and not yet MOUNTed gets MOUNTed (if enabled).
Symbiont queues configured in OMS and not yet STARTed get STARTed.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 231
OpenVMS Mgt Station OpenVMS Server builds a DCL
procedure that can be used to MOUNT your storage, even if the server cannot be started for whatever reason:TNT$EMERGENCY_MOUNT.COM
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 232
OpenVMS Mgt Station
Can be useful to ease certain system management tasks that would otherwise require the use of command-line utilities, but is not a replacement for those utilities.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 233
OpenVMS Mgt Station
Download URL:http://www.openvms.compaq.com/openvms/products/argus/download.html
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 234
Seminar 1024
Accessibility Manager for
Distributed Systems
(AMDS) and
Availability Manager
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 235
AMDS
Provides DECwindows interface for
system or cluster management, some
performance monitoring. Warnings can be issued when
performance metrics go out of spec. - you determine the thresholds for your environment.
Can (maybe) be used to “un-hang” a cluster (force quorum adjustment).
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 236
AMDS
Considerations: Uses a proprietary, non-routable
network protocol. For optimum availability management,
needs to run on a separate OpenVMS workstation (not a cluster member).
AMDS workstation must be on same LAN segment as cluster nodes or protocol must be bridged bt segments.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 237
AMDS
Considerations: AMDS workstation can be accessed
remotely (X on Linux, Solaris or *BSD; Reflection/X or Exceed, etc. on MS Win; DECwindows on OpenVMS).
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 238
AMDS
Licensing:
AMDS license is now included in the OpenVMS base license (as of AMDS V7.1).
Software Kit:
On the OpenVMS binary CD.
On the OpenVMS website.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 239
AMDS
Startup Procedure:
$ @SYS$STARTUP:AMDS$STARTUPSpecify START as the first parameter.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 240
AMDS
Logical Names: Defined in
AMDS$SYSTEM:AMDS$LOGICALS.COMAMDS$GROUP_NAME is the node information display group, default is DECAMDS
Define a group name for each cluster
AMDS$DEVICE defines the network device to use if multiple LAN connections are present.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 241
Availability Mgr
Availability Manager An MS Windows tool (W/NT, W2K) Does not require an X-server on the PC. Uses the same non-routable protocol as
AMDS - similar restrictions. Could be accessed remotely using
PCAnywhere, or maybe Citrix.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 242
AMDS
AMDS Screen shots follow.
Many display objects can be selected to “drill down” for more information.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 243
AMDS
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 244
AMDS
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 245
AMDS
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 246
AMDS
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 247
AMDS
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 248
AMDS
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 249
AMDS
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 250
Seminar 1024
OpenVMS
Security Elements
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 251
OpenVMS Security Elements
An OpenVMS system is only as secure as the SysAdmin makes it.
Understanding and using the elements of OpenVMS Security is the best way to help ensure the security and integrity of an OpenVMS system.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 252
OpenVMS Security Elements
Points to remember:
TELNET and FTP sessions are not encrypted, passwords are sent as clear text. Use Secure Shell and Secure FTP for best security.
LAT and DECnet are not encrypted, passwords are sent as clear text.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 253
OpenVMS Security Elements
User Identification Codes
[group,user]
Similar to UN*X UIDs, except digits are always octal.
Users belong to only one UIC group. Use Rights Identifiers to grant additional access.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 254
OpenVMS Security Elements
Protection Masks
Based on the UIC.
Four classes of permission:System
Owner
Group
WorldUN*X only has Owner, Group, World
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 255
OpenVMS Security Elements
Levels of Permission in each class:
Files
Read - Open read only
Write - Open write only
Execute - Run (if it’s a program/proc.)
Delete - Delete the file(Requires write access to parent directory.)
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 256
OpenVMS Security Elements
Levels of Permission in each class:
Directories
Read - List files
Write - Create/delete files
Execute - Traverse the directory(Look up files)
Delete - Delete the directory(Requires Write access to parent).
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 257
OpenVMS Security Elements
Levels of Permission in each class:
Devices
READ
WRITE
LOGICAL I/O
PHYSICAL I/O
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 258
OpenVMS Security Elements
Levels of Permission in each class:
Queues
READ - Display queue, jobs
MODIFY - Modify queue, jobs
SUBMIT - SUBMIT/PRINT jobs
DELETE - Delete jobs or the queue
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 259
OpenVMS Security Elements
Access Control Lists
Specify access control beyond the UIC based protections.
Consist of access control entries.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 260
OpenVMS Security Elements
Access Control Entries
Associate access control with UICs or Rights Identifiers
Levels of access:
READ DELETE
WRITE CONTROL
EXECUTE
Object owner always has CONTROL
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 261
OpenVMS Security Elements
Rights Identifiers
Created using AUTHORIZE.
Can be associated with a resource (disk file - to control disk quotas).
GRANTed to or REVOKEd from users using AUTHORIZE.
Can be dynamic – non-privileged users can acquire and release using SET RIGHTS_LIST in DCL.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 262
OpenVMS Security Elements
Propagating ACEs, Default Protections
Set an ACE on a directory with the DEFAULT attribute.
Default Protection ACE is set on a directory.
Will be applied to new files, or use SET SECURITY/DEFAULT to propagate to existing files.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 263
OpenVMS Security Elements
Set ACEs in the proper sequence
First matching ACE determines access.
Enter ACEs from least restrictive to most restrictive. EDIT/ACL can be helpful.
ACL takes priority over UIC based protection mask.
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 264
Seminar 1024
Closing Comments,
Q & A
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 265
Freeware Sources» The OpenVMS Freeware CDs are online at
the OpenVMS website.» The DFWCUG DECUS CD-ROM Archive:
ftp://ftp.montagar.com/decus/» DFWCUG OVMS Freeware V3 Archive:
ftp://ftp.montagar.com/freeware-v3/» DJE Systems OpenVMS Freeware archive:
http://www.djesys.com/freeware/vms/» OpenVMS FAQ
http://www.openvms.compaq.com/wizard/faq/vmsfaq.html
OpenVMS System Management Techniques, Tools, and Tricks
Pre-Symposium Seminar 1024 HP ETS 2002 - St Louis, MO Slide 266
Seminar 1024
Thanks for coming!
Disclaimer: All information is correct to the best of the author’s knowledge.
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