Semester1BiologyFinal’Exam’StudyGuide’2016:2017’ Part’1...

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Pg. 1 of 6 Name_____________________________________________ Period_____ Date____________________ Semester 1 Biology Final Exam Study Guide 20162017 Part 1: Vocabulary (multiple choice). These are ALL the vocabulary words you’ll need to know for the final exam. Go to class website and click on Quizlet to review! Unit 1: Ecology Unit 2: Evolution biodiversity exponential growth carrying capacity abiotic autotroph detritus greenhouse gas photosynthesis 10% Rule invasive species adaptations cladogram embryology anatomical fossil record fitness Natural Selection vestigial structures Intelligent Design Common Ancestor Part 2: Analyzing models (also multiple choice). You must be able to interpret ANY graphs/data tables/visuals, specifically: These are homologous structures (same structures, different function) Having the same/very similar bones points to a common ancestor Leads to divergent evolution

Transcript of Semester1BiologyFinal’Exam’StudyGuide’2016:2017’ Part’1...

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Name_____________________________________________  Period_____  Date____________________    

Semester  1  Biology  Final  Exam  Study  Guide  2016-­‐2017    Part  1:  Vocabulary  (multiple  choice).  These  are  ALL  the  vocabulary  words  you’ll  need   to   know   for   the   final   exam.   Go   to   class  website   and   click   on  Quizlet   to  review!  

Unit  1:  Ecology   Unit  2:  Evolution  •   biodiversity  •   exponential  growth  •   carrying  capacity  •   abiotic  •   autotroph  •   detritus  •   greenhouse  gas  •   photosynthesis  •   10%  Rule  •   invasive  species  

•   adaptations    •   cladogram  •   embryology  •   anatomical  •   fossil  record  •   fitness  •   Natural  Selection  •   vestigial  structures    •   Intelligent  Design  •   Common  Ancestor    

 Part  2:  Analyzing  models  (also  multiple  choice).  You  must  be  able  to  interpret  ANY  graphs/data  tables/visuals,  specifically:            

 •   These  are  homologous  structures  (same  structures,  different  function)  

•   Having  the  same/very  similar  bones  points  to  a  common  ancestor  

•   Leads  to  divergent  evolution    

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•   These  are  analogous  structures  (different  structures,  similar  function)  

•   Leads  to  convergent  evolution  (all  these  species  behave  the  same  way;  they  swim)  

   

•   Above  model  is  considered  fossil  evidence  AND  comparative  anatomy    

•   Each  skull  contains  a  pointy  bone  at  top    •   Reduction  and  loss  of  the  side  toes  and  

enlargement  of  the  hoof  due  to  change  in  environment  AND  adaptations      

         •   Line  of  evidence  (right  model)  is  embryology    •   They  point  to  a  common  ancestor  because  they  all  contain  gills,  eyes,  and  tails  

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•   Number  of  differences  in  protein  sequence  points  to  common  ancestor    •   Most  animals  have  this  protein  •   Since  none  of  the  above  organisms  have  the  exact  same  number  of  differences,  then  

would  consider  their  physical  appearances/traits  instead      •   Model  is  

considered  a  cladogram  (an  EXAMPLE  of  a  phylogenetic  tree)  

•   Dogs  and  wolves  are  more  closely  related  because  the  branch  directly  connects  them  both    

•   ALL  of  these  organisms  are  related  in  some  way!  

 

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You  should  be  able  to:  • Know  the  relationship  between  the  x-­‐axis  and  y-­‐axis  • Which  latitudinal  region  shows  the  greatest  number  in  biodiversity?  • What  characteristics  of  this  biome  enable  it  to  support  such  a  high  level  of  

biodiversity?  • Which  biome  has  the  lowest  biodiveristy?  • What  is  the  general  trend  of  the  biodiversity  in  biomes  as  the  latitude  moves  from  

the  arctic  region  towards  the  equator?    

 

                             

                     

You  should  be  able  to:      • Identify  the  products  of  

photosynthesis  • Where  does  cellular  

respiration  take  place?  • What  does  the  phrase:  “Two  

sides  of  the  same  coin”  mean  here?  

• What  unlimited  source  is  required  to  drive  photosynthesis?    

• If  photosynthesis  was  removed,  what  would  happen?  

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Part  3:  TWO  Constructed  Responses  (CEL-­‐EL  Paragraph).  You  will  write  (2)  CEL-­‐EL  paragraphs.      Choose  ONE  prompt  to  answer  by  citing  at  least  (2)  of  the  sources  (direct  quotes,  models)  below:    

A.   Describe  the  process  of  the  Carbon  Cycle.  How  would  you  summarize  the  above  model  in  your  own  words?  How  does  the  Carbon  Cycle  contribute  to  photosynthesis  and  respiration?  Why  is  this  important?      

B.   Describe  the  process  of  photosynthesis.  Citing  evidence  from  the  model,  identify  the  reactants  and  products.  Why  is  this  process  important  in  cycling  energy?    

Model  1.                                                                    Model  2.  

                         

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Choose  ONE  prompt  to  answer  by  citing  at  least  (2)  of  the  sources  (direct  quotes,  models)  below:    

A.   Describe  the  process  of  evolution.  Summarize  the  advantages  and  disadvantages  of  the  fossil  record.  How  can  studying  hominid  skulls  help  us  understand  the  origins  of  the  human  species?  What  might  happen  if  the  skulls  did  in  fact  confirm  we  ARE  related  to  apes  and  chimpanzees?        

B.   Discuss  comparative  anatomy  as  a  line  of  evidence  for  evolution.  What  overall  TRENDS  do  you  observe  in  the  provided  data  below?  How  is  this  information  useful?  How  can  one  challenge  this  data  if  they  are  skeptical  about  the  evidence?    

 Table  3  shows  some  of  the  morphological  characteristics  that  can  be  used   to  dinstinguish  Australopithecus   from  Paranthropus.  ©  2007  Paul  Szpak