Semester1BiologyFinal’Exam’StudyGuide’2016:2017’ Part’1...
Transcript of Semester1BiologyFinal’Exam’StudyGuide’2016:2017’ Part’1...
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Name_____________________________________________ Period_____ Date____________________
Semester 1 Biology Final Exam Study Guide 2016-‐2017 Part 1: Vocabulary (multiple choice). These are ALL the vocabulary words you’ll need to know for the final exam. Go to class website and click on Quizlet to review!
Unit 1: Ecology Unit 2: Evolution • biodiversity • exponential growth • carrying capacity • abiotic • autotroph • detritus • greenhouse gas • photosynthesis • 10% Rule • invasive species
• adaptations • cladogram • embryology • anatomical • fossil record • fitness • Natural Selection • vestigial structures • Intelligent Design • Common Ancestor
Part 2: Analyzing models (also multiple choice). You must be able to interpret ANY graphs/data tables/visuals, specifically:
• These are homologous structures (same structures, different function)
• Having the same/very similar bones points to a common ancestor
• Leads to divergent evolution
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• These are analogous structures (different structures, similar function)
• Leads to convergent evolution (all these species behave the same way; they swim)
• Above model is considered fossil evidence AND comparative anatomy
• Each skull contains a pointy bone at top • Reduction and loss of the side toes and
enlargement of the hoof due to change in environment AND adaptations
• Line of evidence (right model) is embryology • They point to a common ancestor because they all contain gills, eyes, and tails
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• Number of differences in protein sequence points to common ancestor • Most animals have this protein • Since none of the above organisms have the exact same number of differences, then
would consider their physical appearances/traits instead • Model is
considered a cladogram (an EXAMPLE of a phylogenetic tree)
• Dogs and wolves are more closely related because the branch directly connects them both
• ALL of these organisms are related in some way!
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You should be able to: • Know the relationship between the x-‐axis and y-‐axis • Which latitudinal region shows the greatest number in biodiversity? • What characteristics of this biome enable it to support such a high level of
biodiversity? • Which biome has the lowest biodiveristy? • What is the general trend of the biodiversity in biomes as the latitude moves from
the arctic region towards the equator?
You should be able to: • Identify the products of
photosynthesis • Where does cellular
respiration take place? • What does the phrase: “Two
sides of the same coin” mean here?
• What unlimited source is required to drive photosynthesis?
• If photosynthesis was removed, what would happen?
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Part 3: TWO Constructed Responses (CEL-‐EL Paragraph). You will write (2) CEL-‐EL paragraphs. Choose ONE prompt to answer by citing at least (2) of the sources (direct quotes, models) below:
A. Describe the process of the Carbon Cycle. How would you summarize the above model in your own words? How does the Carbon Cycle contribute to photosynthesis and respiration? Why is this important?
B. Describe the process of photosynthesis. Citing evidence from the model, identify the reactants and products. Why is this process important in cycling energy?
Model 1. Model 2.
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Choose ONE prompt to answer by citing at least (2) of the sources (direct quotes, models) below:
A. Describe the process of evolution. Summarize the advantages and disadvantages of the fossil record. How can studying hominid skulls help us understand the origins of the human species? What might happen if the skulls did in fact confirm we ARE related to apes and chimpanzees?
B. Discuss comparative anatomy as a line of evidence for evolution. What overall TRENDS do you observe in the provided data below? How is this information useful? How can one challenge this data if they are skeptical about the evidence?
Table 3 shows some of the morphological characteristics that can be used to dinstinguish Australopithecus from Paranthropus. © 2007 Paul Szpak