Semester 1

Module 1

Module Index• Module : Introduction to Networking • • Connecting to the Internet • Requirements for Internet connection • PC basics • Network interface card • NIC and modem installation • Overview of high-speed and dial-up

connectivity • TCP/IP description and configuration • Testing connectivity with ping • Web browser and plug-Ins • Troubleshooting Internet connection

problems • •

Network Math • Binary presentation of data • Bits and bytes • Base 10 number system • Base 2 number system • Converting decimal numbers to 8-bit binary numbers • Converting 8-bit binary numbers to decimal numbers • Four-octet dotted decimal representation of 32-bit binary numbers • Hexadecimal • Boolean or binary logic • IP addresses and network masks

Labs

• 1.1.6 PC Network TCP/IP tools

• 1.1.7 Ping & Tracert

• 1.1.9 Troubleshooting PC&Network

• 1.2.5 Decimal to Binary

• 1.2.6 Binary to Decimal

• 1.2.8 Hexadicimal

Connection to the Internet

PC Hardware

• Resistor – • Connector • Light emitting diode (LED) • Random-access memory (RAM) • Read-only memory (ROM) • Expansion slot • Power supply • Network interface card (NIC)

NIC

• Protocols – Ethernet, Token Ring, or FDDI • Types of media – Twisted-pair, coaxial, wireless, or fiber-optic • Type of system bus – PCI or ISA

A NIC must be installed for each device on a network

Situations that require NIC installation include the following:

• Installation of a NIC on a PC that does not already have one • Replacement of a malfunctioning or damaged NIC • Upgrade from a 10-Mbps NIC to a 10/100/1000-Mbps NIC • Change to a different type of NIC, such as wireless • Installation of a secondary, or backup, NIC for network security reasons

winipcfg

ipconfig

Ping

ping 127.0.0.1. ping IP address of host computer

ping default-gateway IP address ping remote destination IP address

Ping

Tracert

Troubleshoot

Bit&Byte

Decimal system (Base 10)

Binary system (Base 2)

Conversion

Convertion

• 218 = 11011010• 218÷2=109 remainder 0• 109÷2=54 remainder 1• 54÷2=27 remainder 0• 27÷2=13 remainder 1• 13÷2=6 remainder 1• 6÷2=3 remainder 0• 3÷2=1 remainder 1• 1÷2=0 remainder 1

Dotted Decimal notation

Hexadecimal

0x5D

Conversion Bin to Hex

Boolean logic

• NOT –

• AND –

• OR –

IP Math

IP Math

11111111 00000000 00000000 00000000 written in dotted decimal as 255.0.0.0

11111111 11111111 00000000 00000000 written in dotted decimal as 255.255.0.0

The IP address 10.34.23.134 in binary is 00001010.00100010.00010111.10000110

IP Math

• 00001010.00100010.00010111.10000110 11111111.00000000.00000000.00000000 00001010.00000000.00000000.00000000

• 10.0.0.0

• 00001010.00100010.00010111.10000110 11111111.11111111.00000000.00000000 00001010.00100010.00000000.00000000

• 10.34.0.0