Semester 1 Final Review Have your periodic table and scientific calculator ready!
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Transcript of Semester 1 Final Review Have your periodic table and scientific calculator ready!
Semester 1 Final Review
Have your periodic table and scientific calculator ready!
Temperature
• What is the lowest temperature known? Give your answer in both Kelvin and Celcius.
• 0 Kelvin
• 273 oC
Temperature
• What is the special name given to the lowest temperature from the previous slide?
• Absolute Zero
Temperature
• Which temperature is colder 172 K or -75oC?
• 172 Kelvin
Subatomic particles
• Give the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in the atom symbolized by
• protons – 15
• electrons – 15
• neutrons – 17
3215P
Atomic number
• What does the atomic number of an element tell us about the nucleus?
• Number of protons
Mass Number
• What does the mass number tell us about an atom?
• The number of protons PLUS the number of neutrons in the nucleus
Subatomic particles
• Which subatomic particles is the most responsible for the chemical properties of the element?
• Electrons
Isotopes
• In two isotopes of the same element, which of the following would be the same and which would be different?– Atomic number– Number of protons– Number of neutrons– Number of electrons– Element symbol– Atomic mass
SameSame
SameSame
Different
Different
Isotopes
• What is the given information for the isotope of Carbon-14 – Atomic number– Number of protons– Number of neutrons– Number of electrons– Element symbol– Atomic mass
• 6• 6• 8• 6• C• 14
Valence electrons• Where do we find the number of valence
electrons for an element?
• Its group number
• Where in the atom are valence electrons found?
• Highest occupied energy level
Periodic Table
• What is the name of the yellow region?
Metals
Many groups have special names…what are they?
Alkali Metals
Many groups have special names…what are they?
Alkaline Earth Metals
Many groups have special names…what are they?
Halogens
Many groups have special names…what are they?
Noble Gases
Many groups have special names…what are they?
Transition Metals
Periodic Table
• What is the name of the green region?
Nonm
etals
Periodic Table
• What is the name of the pink region?
Metalloids
Ions
• How are ions formed?
• Gaining or losing electrons
Cations
• Cations are produced when a neutral atom….
• loses electrons;
• thus causing cations to have a ______________ charge?positive
Cations
• Where are cations found on the periodic table?
• Metals: Group 1A,2A,3A, & transition metals.
Anions
• Anions are produced when a neutral atom….
• gains electrons;
• thus causing anions to have a ______________ charge?negative
Anions
• Where are anions found on the periodic table?
• Nonmetals: Group 5A,6A,& 7A
Units of measureWhat is the SI unit of measure for:
• Volume• Mass• Length• Temperature• # of particles in a
substance
• Liter• Kilogram• Meter• Kelvin• Mole
The Mole
• What is a mole? How much
does it represent?
• A unit of measure defined by the number of carbon atoms in exactly 12.01 grams of carbon.
• 6.02 x 1023 particles/atoms/molecules
Atoms
• If you have 2.13 x 1024 atoms of Au, how many moles of Au do you have?
• 3.54 mol Au
Atoms
• How many atoms are there in 1.28 mol of calcium?
• 7.71 x 1023 atoms Ca
Balance the following:
• _AgNO3 + _Cu _Cu(NO3)2 + _Ag
• _Na + _H2O _H2 + _NaOH
2 2
2 22
2C3H8 + 7O2 6CO + 8H2O
• Calculate the number of moles of CO produced when 1.2 mol of H2O is produced in the incomplete combustion reaction above.
• 0.9 mol CO
• How many grams of CO are produced? 25 g CO
C3H8 + 5O2 3CO2 + 4H2O
• How many liters of O2 are needed to react with C3H8 to produce 2.0 liters of H2O?
• 2.5 liters O2
C3H8 + 5O2 3CO2 + 4H2O
• How many grams of propane are needed to react with an excess of O2 to produce 20 g CO2
• 6.7g C3H8
83
83
2
83
2
22
HC mol
HC g11.44
CO mol 3
HC mol
CO g01.44
CO molCO g20
Be sure to…
• Look over your notes from the last couple days of class.
• Remember to read the questions completely AND use units when solving the “math” questions.
• Be confident and relax. You know most of this and YOU CAN DO IT!