Semantically Enabled Collaboration via AnnotationIan Lumbhttp://ianlumb.wordpress.com/tag/annotation/ CANHEIT 2007

OutlineIntroductionAnnozillaExamplesImplementationStandardsSemantic WebDiscussion

http://dafizilla.sourceforge.net/viewsourcewith/erin.el: Emacs editing mode for TWiki pageshttp://www.neilvandyke.org/erin-twiki-emacs/

Annotating with AnnozillaContextually rich and expressive editorial metadata Non-invasive Pre-categorizedOf flexible usageEmpowering but not distracting or overwhelming Encourages sequential processing Best suited to static Web pagesEffort required to ensure relevance in wikisStored locally or remotely

Annotation goes mainstream!

http://annozilla.mozdev.org/ http://www.mozilla.com/en-US/firefox/

Annotation ServersLocal ServerRemote ServersW3CDIYLinuxPerllibMySQLRDF datastoreApacheAnnotations scriptAccess controlAccess scriptAlgae script

http://www.w3.org/1999/02/26-modules/User/Annotations-HOWTO.html

Annotations with Google EarthJ. Freemantle, OARS Presentation, December 2006

DefinitionsAnnotation is the linking of a new commentary node to someone else's existing node. It is the essence of a collaborative hypertext.TBL, W3 Archive, c. 1990"... the addition of information to existing documents without changing the originals.Passin, Explorers Guide to the Semantic Web, 2004

DefinitionsAnnotations are comments, notes, explanations, or other types of external remarks that can be attached to a Web document or a selected part of the document. As they are external, it is possible to annotate any Web document independently, without needing to edit that document. From the technical point of view, annotations are usually seen as [editorial] metadata, as they give additional information about an existing piece of data.Amaya 9.52, W3C

http://protege.stanford.edu/

LocationOutcomeModified DocumentInternalExternalOriginal Document + Annotation

Dissecting an Annozilla Annotation

RDF - Resource Description FrameworkA framework for describing resources on the webMakes relationships explicitProvides a model for data, and a syntax so that independent parties can exchange and use itDesigned to be read and understood by computersNot designed for being displayed to peopleWritten in XMLPart of the W3C's Semantic Web ActivityA W3C Recommendationhttp://www.w3.org/RDF/After http://www.w3schools.com/rdf/rdf_intro.asp

Dissecting an Annozilla Annotation (2)

Dissecting an Annozilla Annotation (2a)urn:annot1541202659NS3:contextsubjectpredicateobjectIan LumbNS4:creatorpredicateobjecthttps://twiki.cns.yorku.ca/twiki/bin/view/Netops/TroubleshootingAbstract#xpointer(string-range(/html[1]/body[1]/div[1]/div[1]/div[1]/div[1]/div[1]/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/div[1]/p[1], "", 337, 139))

XPointer - XML Pointer LanguageAn extension of XPath XPath is used by XLink to locate remote link resourcesRelative addressing Allows links to places with no anchorsFlexible and robustXPointer/XPath expressions often survive changes in the target documentCan point to substrings in character data and to whole tree fragments

StatusThe key specification is a Working Draft in the W3Cs Recommendation Track

http://www.w3.org/TR/xptr-xpointer/

Dissecting an Annozilla Annotation (3)

The stack of expressive powerAfter http://www.w3.org/2005/Talks/0517-boit-tbl/#[27]

SummaryAnnotation use casesUniversity IT teams static and wiki WebAnnotations via AnnozillaAccessible client/server, standards-based implementationAnnotations as external editorial metadataConsistent with Web 2.0 social bookmarking plus some Google technologiesInconsistent with office suites, wikis, formal ontologiesTransform data into information into knowledgeRealizing the vision of a Semantic Web Web 3.0?

Future WorkSupport ongoing development of AnnozillaGo forth and annotate!Refactor definition of annotationDevelop single schema for annotation types/propertiesXPointer and OWL each have their own Semantically base annotationsAutomate annotation ???Consider XPointer-based annotations as an optionEmerging common XML-based schema for Word processing softwareGoogle Notebook Applications in other areasTeaching and learning

CollaboratorsKeith AldridgeProfessor, York UniversityJim FreemantleIndependent ConsultantJerusha LedermanPh.D. Candidate, York University

Questions?

Additional Slides

Numbering of Nodes and Pointshttp://www.w3.org/TR/2002/WD-xptr-xpointer-20021219/

Representing GGP Data via ESML and RDFLumb & Aldridge (2005, 2006)

Representing GGP Data via ESML and RDF with AnnotationLumb et al. (2007)

The presentation was delivered on May 29th, 2007 in Waterloo, Ontario. By the end of it, hopefully youll have a better appreciation for each of these terms!A representative example - no loss of generalityOriginal abstract for an in-house IT event Abstract with in-line, suggested editsBrief commercial Both Emcas erin mode and ViewSourceWith are incredibly useful in working with TWiki Before and after edits - the diff view Shift gears - now annotationFeedback via annotation - focus on Change annotation typeAnnotation iconsAnnotation context and body Feedback via annotation - focus on Question annotation type

Annozillas annotation body windowRevisions were made to r1This is what the annotations look like in r3!Well explain why later! Annotations updated after editingPost to server example via the annotation body windowAnnotations loaded in the side Displaying annotations from both local and remote servers simultaneouslyYou can also annotate images - the image itself, plus some fraction of text Annotating a static Web pageThe body of the annotation can be formatted - note the use of boldface and italicized typeMetadata is data about data Annotation doesnt alter the content of your documentAnnotations are pre-categorized into one of seven annotation typesCan annotate a point, region or whole document - irrespective of the XML DOM

Annozilla is enabled via three plug-ins to Mozilla FirefoxAnotationsAnnozillaXPointerlibAbout the same complexity as installing a wiki like TWiki.Sprinkling of examples - Google Notebook An example from Google EarthTBLs definition is available online at http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/Annotation.

Passins book is described online at http://www.manning.com/passin/. Amayas home page is http://www.w3.org/Amaya/. Word comments are annotations OWL has a built-in capability to support annotationsAnnotations are everywhere! Location is relative to the document being annotatedOutcome refers to whether or not the document is modified as a consequence of the annotation Extract from $HOME/Library/Application Support/Firefox/Profiles/.default on a Mac OS X based system.

Namespace declarations

Annotations are captured in RDF - worth expanding onExtract from $HOME/Library/Application Support/Firefox/Profiles/.default on a Mac OS X based system.

Annotation metadata plus the XPointer URI reference.

RDF represents relationships via subject-predicate-object triples (tuples)Two examples are shown graphically from the previous slideSource http://www.brics.dk/~amoeller/XML/linking/xpointer.htmlExtract from $HOME/Library/Application Support/Firefox/Profiles/.default on a Mac OS X based system.

The annotation payload or body.

This is the big picture! use of annotation will ultimately contribute to the specification of semantically based relationships in site-specific documentation not readily evident from traditional hypertext links or Wiki words.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Office_Open_XML

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenDocument

Thanks to Andrea Chappell for suggesting the teaching and learning angle!Need to cover:GGPESML RDFGRDDLNeed to cover:GGPESML RDFGRDDL