Semantic alignment of documents with 3D city models C. Tardy et al 3u3d2012
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Transcript of Semantic alignment of documents with 3D city models C. Tardy et al 3u3d2012
FACULTÉ DES SCIENCES ÉCONOMIQUES ET SOCIALES Institut de recherche en ingénierie des connaissances et logiques de l’espace
SEMANTIC)ALIGNMENT)OF)DOCUMENTS)WITH)3D)CITY)MODELS)Camille'Tardy1,'Laurent'Moccozet2'and'Gilles'Falquet1'University*of*Geneva*'1*Institute*ICLE*2*Institute*of*Services*Science*
In'3U3D'2012'conference'Nantes,'France'
A)Digital)Library)of)Urban)resources)
2'Semantic'alignment'of'documents'with'3D'city'models,'C.'Tardy'et'al.''
http://www.lviz.org/wpAcontent/uploads/2009/03/vancouver1980.png*
Documents'
3D'city'Models'
Context)
3'Semantic'alignment'of'documents'with'3D'city'models,'C.'Tardy'et'al.''
http://www.lviz.org/wpAcontent/uploads/2009/03/vancouver1980.png*
Task'Requires'access'to'
Problem)Statement)
4'Semantic'alignment'of'documents'with'3D'city'models,'C.'Tardy'et'al.''
http://www.lviz.org/wpAcontent/uploads/2009/03/vancouver1980.png*
Navigates/'Looks'at'
Establish'semantic'links'between'3DCM'objects'and'documents'
ContextualisaFon)
• Represent'the'documents'in*context*
• Visually'link'documents'to'the'3D'object'
• Requires':'1.'Compute'the'semantic'alignment'relationships'2.'Compute'the'user'interface'layout'
'
5'Semantic'alignment'of'documents'with'3D'city'models,'C.'Tardy'et'al.''
Related)Work)
• 3D'visualisation':'NIRVE'[1],'Periscope[2]'
• Contextualisation'in'space':'Geocoding'process'in'GIS'[3]'
• Visualisation':'World'Explorer'[4]''
Semantic'alignment'of'documents'with'3D'city'models,'C.'Tardy'et'al.'' 6'
A)Model)to)Compute)the)Links)
7'Semantic'alignment'of'documents'with'3D'city'models,'C.'Tardy'et'al.''
http://www.lviz.org/wpAcontent/uploads/2009/03/vancouver1980.png*
Geonames'
CityGML'
Urbamet'
Domain'Ontologies'
Link'document[object'
Coverage'
Annotation'
IndexaFon)and)AnnotaFon)
• Documents'are'indexed''• Annotation'• RDF']ile'
• Coverage'• Space'• Time'
'• 3d'object'annotation'• CityGML'representation'and'Geonames'identi]ication'
8'Semantic'alignment'of'documents'with'3D'city'models,'C.'Tardy'et'al.''
Ontology)Alignment)
• Indexation'vocabularies''
'
9'Semantic'alignment'of'documents'with'3D'city'models,'C.'Tardy'et'al.''
CityGML' Geonames' Urbamet' Domain''Ontologies'
IdenFficaFon)
10'Semantic'alignment'of'documents'with'3D'city'models,'C.'Tardy'et'al.''
http://www.lviz.org/wpAcontent/uploads/2009/03/vancouver1980.png*
Geonames'
CityGML'
Urbamet'
Domain'Ontologies'
Link'document[object'
IdenFfying)city)objects)
• From'CityGML'to'Geonames'
• Position'
• Function'
• Rules'to'solve'ambiguities'
11'Semantic'alignment'of'documents'with'3D'city'models,'C.'Tardy'et'al.''
IdenFficaFon)of)City)Objects)
12'Semantic'alignment'of'documents'with'3D'city'models,'C.'Tardy'et'al.''
Storey)IdenFficaFon)
• Contained'in'the'footprint'
• Contained'in'the'building''(CityObjectGroup*–*part_of/contains)*
• Function'(lodXStorey)*
• Name':']loor'number''• Elevation'(geoname)*
• Creation'of'a'class'“Storey”'in'CityGML'
13'Semantic'alignment'of'documents'with'3D'city'models,'C.'Tardy'et'al.''
Storey)IdenFficaFon)Formula)
14'Semantic'alignment'of'documents'with'3D'city'models,'C.'Tardy'et'al.''
Storey)IdenFficaFon)Example)
15'Semantic'alignment'of'documents'with'3D'city'models,'C.'Tardy'et'al.''
http://lesleyannwhite.co.uk/wp[content/uploads/2011/11/house_tran.png'
A)Model)to)Compute)the)Links)
16'Semantic'alignment'of'documents'with'3D'city'models,'C.'Tardy'et'al.''
http://www.lviz.org/wpAcontent/uploads/2009/03/vancouver1980.png*
Geonames'
CityGML'
Urbamet'
Domain'Ontologies'
Link'document[object'
Coverage'
Annotation'
Find)the)connecFons)
• Type'of'links'
• Explicit'(Boolean'value)'• Direct'or'indirect'connection'
• Suggestion'(Weight'value)'• Through'non[geographic'entities'• Object'is'not'contained'in'the'3DCM'
17'Semantic'alignment'of'documents'with'3D'city'models,'C.'Tardy'et'al.''
Alignment)Algorithm)
• Input''• Document'corpora'(indexed)'• 3D'city'model'(indexed)'
• Output'• Matrix'of'links''• M(doc,obj)'''
• Focus'on'the'spatial'coverage''
18'Semantic'alignment'of'documents'with'3D'city'models,'C.'Tardy'et'al.''
Algorithm)
• One'document','one'object'
• Cov(obj)'≤'Cov(doc)'or'vice'versa'• CityGML/Geonames'
• Search_link'function'4'cases':''1.'Direct'link'2.'Direct'link'by'class'3.'Link'through'non[geographic'entities'4.'Link'by'spatial'proximity'
19'Semantic'alignment'of'documents'with'3D'city'models,'C.'Tardy'et'al.''
Direct)Link)
• M(doc,obj)='true''
20'
G:“Geneva''airport”'
G':“Geneva''airport”'
Cov(doc)'
Cov(obj)'
Semantic'alignment'of'documents'with'3D'city'models,'C.'Tardy'et'al.''
Direct)Link)by)Class)
• M(doc,obj)=true'
21'
G':“Geneva'airport”'
Cov(doc)'
Cov(obj)'
Semantic'alignment'of'documents'with'3D'city'models,'C.'Tardy'et'al.''
“airport_'building”'
Link)through)NonNgeographic)EnFFes)
• M(doc,obj)=1/semantic_distance(“surgery”,'“HUG”)'
22'
G:'“HUG”'
Cov(obj)'
Idx(doc)'
Semantic'alignment'of'documents'with'3D'city'models,'C.'Tardy'et'al.''
“surgery”'
g2'g3'
g4'
The)object)is)a)group)
• The'main'object'is'identify'with'a'geoname'
• Get'the'object'that'correspond'to'the'current'geoname'''
• Fall'back'to'cases'1,'2'or'3'with'the'new'object'''
23'Semantic'alignment'of'documents'with'3D'city'models,'C.'Tardy'et'al.''
g1'
• e'not'in'cov(model)'• e'and'f'are'spatially'close'
Link)by)SpaFal)Proximity)
26'Semantic'alignment'of'documents'with'3D'city'models,'C.'Tardy'et'al.''
G:'e'
Cov(doc)' Cov(model)'='f'(geoname)'
G:'e'
• M(doc,obj)='1/euclidean_distance(e,f)''http://i149.photobucket.com/albums/s62/WorkingFilms/AucklandCity2.jpg'
ParFcular)SituaFons)
• The'object'is'a'group'
• Storeys'
Semantic'alignment'of'documents'with'3D'city'models,'C.'Tardy'et'al.'' 27'
Example):)Geneva)Airport)
28'Semantic'alignment'of'documents'with'3D'city'models,'C.'Tardy'et'al.''
Cov(doc)'='“Switzerland”'(geoname)''
Idx(doc)'='“Swiss”,'“airline”,'“tablets”,'“crew”'
http://www.journal[aviation.com/'
Example):)Geneva)Airport)
29'Semantic'alignment'of'documents'with'3D'city'models,'C.'Tardy'et'al.''
Cov(obj)'='BuildingFunctionType':'“Airport_Building”'(cityGML)'Cov(model)''='“Geneva'Canton”'(geoname)'
e'(geoname')'='label':'“Aéroport'Genève[Cointrin”,'feature'code':'“S.AIRP”(Airport)'
Example):)Geneva)Airport)
• “Switzerland”'contains'“Geneva'Canton”'
• Idx(doc)'contains'“airline”'
• Link'between'doc'and'all'airports'objects'in'the'model*
• M(doc,obj)=true '[>'explicit_link'
Semantic'alignment'of'documents'with'3D'city'models,'C.'Tardy'et'al.'' 30'
Example):)University)of)Geneva)
31'Semantic'alignment'of'documents'with'3D'city'models,'C.'Tardy'et'al.''
Cov(doc)'='“Uni'Dufour”'(geoname),'Storey':'name'='1'(CityGML)''
www.unige.ch'
Example):)University)of)Geneva)
32'Semantic'alignment'of'documents'with'3D'city'models,'C.'Tardy'et'al.''
Cov(obj)'='“Uni'Dufour”'(geoname)'
Obj'is'a'group'of'4'storeys':''
! o4''Storey':'name'='3'! o3''Storey':'name'='2'! o2''Storey':'name'='1'! o1''Storey':'name'='0'
http://sketchup.google.com/3dwarehouse/details?mid=da6dc]b704f4294c9202d3aef1555f0c'
Example):)University)of)Geneva)
• Cov(doc)'and'Cov(obj)'contains'“Uni'Dufour”'
• Cov(doc)'[>'Storey'
• Search'link'with'obj'sub[objects'
• Cov(o2)='“Uni'Dufour”,'Storey':'name'='1''
• M(doc,o2)=true'
Semantic'alignment'of'documents'with'3D'city'models,'C.'Tardy'et'al.'' 33'
Conclusion)
• Semantic'indexing'
• Identify'links'through'numerous'connections''• Future'Work':'• Evaluation'via'a'use'case'
• Deal'with'fuzzy'area'
• Develop'the'different'visualisation'technics'
• Develop'the'query'system'
Semantic'alignment'of'documents'with'3D'city'models,'C.'Tardy'et'al.'' 34'
References)
Semantic'alignment'of'documents'with'3D'city'models,'C.'Tardy'et'al.'' 35'
1. W.'Wiza,'K.'Walczak,'W.'Cellary,'Proc.*of*the*9th*Int.*Conf.*on*3D*Web*Technology.* Periscope' [' A' System' for' Adaptive' 3D' Visualization' of'Search'Results.'29–40.'(2004)'
2. ' J.'Cugini,'S.'Laskowski,'M.'Sebrechts,'Proc.*of*IST/SPIE's*12th*Annual*Int.* Symposium:* Electronic* Imaging.' Design' of' 3D' visualization' of'search'results:'Evolution'and'evaluation.'23–28.'(2000)''
3. C.B.'Jones,'A.I.'Abdelmoty,'D.'Finch,'G.'Fu,'S.'Vaid,'Proc.*of*the*3rd*Int.*Conf.* on* Geographic* Information* Science.' The' SPIRIT' Spatial' Search'Engine:' Architecture,' Ontologies' and' Spatial' Indexing.' 125–139.'(2004)''
4. S.'Ahern,'M.'Naaman,'R.'Nair,'J.H.I.'Yang,'Proc.*of*the*7th*JCDL.'World'explorer:' visualizing' aggregate' data' from' unstructured' text' in' geo[referenced'collections.'1–10.'(2007)''