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Self-Assessment in Protecting Site School Security

IU08 Friday, April 6, 2018

Garret Rain | Rain Public Planning | 717-623-2252 | garretrain@rainpublicplanning.com

Open Source survey opportunity-danger

● Types of “Assessment” to survey?○ Physical Site focused

● Open Source Issue○ Self Inoculation warning

● Can do useful look, but SME sees more!

Info Basis BackgroundInformation based on foundation of over 300 K-12 school and 20 college and university assessments.

● PSP RVAT

○ RVAT Campus Assessment Report (2007)

○ RVAT School Safety Report (2013)

● PEMA-DOE Safe Schools Project

○ Site assessments

○ Plan assessments

○ EOP training

○ Model EOP development

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Training Aids for Your Use

● See: www.RainPublicPlanning.com● PowerPoint Slides● Pre-Check● Assessment Checklist

Assessment Goals

●Protection of:

○ People

○ Assets

○ Infrastructure

●Harden Targets

○ Decrease Vulnerability

○ Decrease Attractiveness

●Mitigate Losses

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Goals Expanded●Identify and

Quantify Risks and Vulnerabilities

●Critique Existing Safety/Security Measures & Plan

●Provide Recommendations

○ Enhance safety/security stature

○ Mitigate Risks and Vulnerabilities

○ Enhance school safety planning/plan

○ Based on best practices baseline

○ Find practical ways to “move the ball forward”

○ Excellence is process of continually getting better!

Recommended School Safey Process

● Conduct site assessment○Physical security/safety assessment○School Safety Plan assessment

● School Safety Team Multi-Hazard Risk Assessment support

● Emergency Operations Plan development support

● EOP exercise development support

Site Safety Checklist Review

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Preparing to Conduct Site Security Survey

● Survey vs Assessment

● Authority to proceed● Forming a Team

○ Who, what needed, and when to conduct?

● How to document and follow-up?

Site Safety Checklist Review

Staff Development, Training, & Policy Areas

● High visible presence

● Conflict resolution training

● Trained to implement plan

● Personal safety training

● Law & policy training

● SRO in-service training

● Volunteers trained

● Violence prevention training

● Staff Development

● Bullying prevention

● At-Risk Early Detection

● Fight response

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Staff Development, Training, & Policy Areas

● Suspicious package response

● ICS Training for leads

● ICS Response for others

● Continuity of Operations

● Student code review

● Visitor policy

● Succession documented

● Security measures all events

● Disciplinary consequences

● Parents part of process

● Suspension alternatives

Staff Development, Training, & Policy Areas

● Behavioral expectationsoutlined

● Anonymous reporting process

● Staff detailed to monitor at key times

● Students wear ID

● Staff wears ID

● Policy or process to restrict building & grounds access after hours

● Visitors wear ID

Site Security Review

● Security Force items

● First Responder relationship

● Access Control measures

● Key control process

● CCTV

● Family Reunification Annex

● Media Relations policy

● Internal/External communication

● Traffic control signage

● Main entrance protection

● Trespass signs

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Site Security Review

● Safe bus load/unloading

● Hasty evacuation access

● Emergency Veh. Staging

● Separate parking areas

● Parking IED offset

● Parking permit system

● Visitor parking & signage

● Key staff spaces

● Clear of shrub space

● Platforms to roof

● Walkways clear

● Dumpster offset/secure

Site Security Review

● Utility heads protected

● Exterior lighting

● Main entrance design

● Delivery entrance access

● Key signage needs

● Classroom security needs

● Common area needs

● Hallways & Stairwells needs

● Student lockers secure

● School communications

● Utility needs

● Visitor/Student/Staff ID

● Bus Transport needs

Common School Safety Review

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Vehicle Control

● No vehicle control points onto property

○ Gates and other barriers (on card system)

○ Gates-not rated to withstand vehicle impact

○ Bollards (K4), or bollard like objects not present

● High speed approaches to buildings/entrances.

● Critical utilities point open to vehicle attack

● Lack of Directional Signage to control vehicle traffic.

○ Bus traffic only | Parent pickup

Door Control

● No “Go to visitor’s entrance” signage.

● No CCTV notice.

● Proliferation of door chalks or blocks.

● No check and secure door staff schedule.

● Double-loop exterior and interior door handles

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Parking Control● Vehicle parking next to

buildings - vehicle borne explosive device (VBIED).

● No employee/student vehicle identification.

● No or poorly defined visitor parking areas.

● Parking spaces posted with title of prominent personnel - targeting threat.

● Parking spot control –slots numbered, parking passes

○ Spot strict vs area specific…

Parking Control

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Grounds Control● Trees too close to buildings, overhanging roofs -

Platforms onto roof.

● Thick landscaping providing concealment for intruders and the placement of improvised explosive device (IED).

● Growth obstructing CCTV coverage.

● Obstructing lighting.

● No “No Trespass – Dusk to Dawn” signs

Device Control

Trash Receptacles

● Large trash and cigarette receptacles located around buildings, entrances, and inside building common areas provide concealment for IED.

●Large dumpsters positioned against/near buildings, critical components, or near parking areas. ○ Dumpsters not locked, ideal IED location

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Lighting Control

●Insufficient or absence of lighting for;

○ Perimeter/fence line○ Entrances○ Building perimeters○ Parking areas○ Utility locations

● No emergency lighting.● Damaged/inoperable

lighting-extended repair time.

● Improper mounting or location of fixtures-easily accessible and vulnerable to tampering, CCTV interference.

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Utility ControlUtilities/Fuel Storage/Hazmat● Accessible/unsecured outside utility vaults/feed locations (electric,

natural gas, communications).● Exposed fuel storage/Hazardous materials locations-not fenced,

secured with low grade locks. Located close to buildings, critical components, and evacuation routes.

● Utility rooms (transformers, phone trunk) unsecured, used as auxiliary storage- access not restricted-custodial personnel, fire hazard.

● Electrical and lighting panel boxes unsecured in common areas-tampering, enhance attack, distraction.

CCTV Control● Antiquated equipment, poor

performance, degraded recording capability.

● Improper mounting, exposed wiring, low height-easy tampering, poor field of view.

● Controls, devices, media not secured, & not on generator.

● Monitors easily visible from public locations.

● All recordings should be kept for at least 15 days.

● All systems should be web-based providing capability to be monitored on and off-site.

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Access Control● Uncontrolled access into buildings.● No visitor controls from lobby and common

areas. ● No physical barriers for security/receptionist

desk. ● No screening process for visitors, vendors,

contractors, and deliveries.● No employee, visitor, and vendor

identification cards/badges.

Access Control● No escort of visitors.● No restricted access to mechanical

rooms/critical operations. ● Service elevators open to public areas, loading

dock- not controlled.● No staff member assigned to perform periodic

checks on exterior doors throughout the day.

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Main Entrance – Access Control

Main Entrance – Vestibule Features

Visitor Entrance Signage – “Visitor’s Entrance” sign placed on exterior with text size large enough to be easily read from street.

CCTV Signage – “Video Recorded Premises” signs placed on exterior and inside vestibule area.

Front Door Video Door Phone – Used to see, initially screen, and buzz in visitors to secure vestibule.

Front Doors – Locked from exterior. Entry by buzz in or keycard/fob.

Vestibule Doors – Locked from inside vestibule. Entry by buzz in, keycard/fob, or push bar from interior hall.

Main Entrance – Vestibule Features

CCTV – Wide view Closed Circuit Video Camera (CCTV) coverage of vestibule area.

Vestibule Phone – Two-way telephone like function in vestibule to further vet and communicate with in-vestibule visitors.

Sign In/Out Desk – High table or desk used for student/visitor sign in/out.

Window & Door Glass – All interior vestibule window and door glass fitted to prevent forced entry: window glass wire-mesh or fitted with film, screens, or grates.

Vestibule Seating – Seating provided for parent(s) or visitor(s) waiting.

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Main Entrance – Vetting Process

1. Visitor approaches entrance and pushes button on video door phone.2. Staff person speaks with visitor to identify purpose. If purpose and demeanor

fit, buzz into vestibule.3. Staff person will view and evaluate visitor’s demeanor and appearance via in

vestibule wide-view CCTV. 4. If further information to vet visit is needed, staff person will call visitor via in-

vestibule telephone.5. If visitor is parent for student pickup, staff will call for student to come to

parent in vestibule for sign-out.6. If visitor has other business, staff will come to vestibule and speak with and

escort visitor while inside building. 7. If parent(s) for conference, staff will come to vestibule to escort parent(s) to

meeting room.

Security ControlSecurity Personnel● No onsite security personnel - proprietary or commercial.● Personnel inadequately trained, no update training - poor

performance.● Personnel ill equipped for threat potential.● No detailed security operations plan or security

procedures - improper response, lack of response. ● No enforcement authority for security violations - not

backed by management.● Act 235 Armed Trained Security

Plan ControlPolicies/Plans/Procedures● Lack of or outdated plans and procedures● EOP with Functional & Threat-Hazards Annexes

○ Most often Checklist based, backwards planning○ EOP is Public Plan○ Functional Annexes – top tools in planning toolbox○ Threat-Hazards Annexes – off risk & vulnerability

assessment

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Plan ControlPolicies/Plans/Procedures● Common Missing Plan/Procedures

○ No or ignored key control policy○ Mail Handling○ Bomb threat○ Suspicious packages procedures

Common Issues

●Lack of means to securely “vet” visitors

●Leaving exterior doors propped open●Not securing internal doors

Common Issues

● Not requiring staff to display photo identification cards

● Lack of “multi-hazard” EOP

● Not conducing regular hostile action drills

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Recommended Training● FEMA: Active Shooter On-line IS-907 Training

(All Staff)

● RDPC: AWR 208-W Crisis Management in a Rural School

(Admin)

● RDPC: AWR 148-W Crisis Management for School-based

Incidents: Partnering Rural Law Enforcement and Local School

Systems (Admin)

Recommended Planning● FEMA IS-362.a Multi-Hazard Emergency Planning for Schools – Online

Planning Training

● Pennsylvania "All Hazards" School Safety Planning Toolkit (PEMA)

● Reference Manual to Mitigate Potential Terrorist Attacks Against Buildings (FEMA 426)

● PSP RVAT Team’s “Pennsylvania College Campus Security Assessment Report”

● PSP Public & Private School Safety Report

Recommended Partnerships

Administrators are encouraged to work with their local first responders in HSEEP:

● Seminars – review plans/policies

● Workshops – build draft plan, policy, MOU

● Tabletop Exercise – simulated scenarios

● Drill – lock down/out, evacuation, etc.

● Functional Exercise - validates coordination, command, and control between various multi-agency coordination centers (EOC)

● Full Scale Exercise – Start micro, build macro

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Support Options●PSP Risk and Vulnerability Assessment Team

Information (PA)ra-pspoffdomesticsecurity@pa.gov717-346-2692

●Rain Public Planning – Garret Raingarretrain@rainpublicplanning.com717-623-2252

Questions?

Thank You!!!www.RainPublicPlanning.com