ECS152BXin Liu 1 ECS 152B Computer Networks Fall 2003 Prof. Xin Liu liu/152B/152b.html.
Selection and performance of PMT candidates for TREND ground array Hou Yueyun 1, Feng Zhaoyang 1,...
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Transcript of Selection and performance of PMT candidates for TREND ground array Hou Yueyun 1, Feng Zhaoyang 1,...
Selection and performance of PMT candidates for TREND ground array
Hou Yueyun1, Feng Zhaoyang1, Liu Cheng1 ,Liu Maoyuan1
1, IHEP 2, Tibet University2014.1.8
Extended array of Tibet Asγ Exp.
To improve the sensitivity of Tibet MD+AS at 100 TeV energy region
Prototype detector
PMT, base and sleeve Prototype detector
TREND ground array VS Extended ASγ
TREND Extended ASγEnergy 1016-1018eV 1013-1015eVspacing 300m(X)/600m(Y) 15mArea 4000m*800m 270m*270mAngular Res. . 1-3 degree(? ) 0.4o@10TeV 0.2o@100TeVDynamic range : 1-30(?) MIPs/m2 1-1000MIPs/m2Time res. . 10 ns(?) ~1ns
The PMT used in Extended ASγ can meet the requirements of TREND ground array
Four 2 inches PMT candidates1,Hamamatsu R7725 ( 2 , CA0130 , CA0134 ) ~4000 RMB2, ET 9814B (1), ~6500 RMB3, ET9829B (1), ~4600 RMB4, GXBS GDB61 ( 2 , Z81, Z70) ? RMB
Requirements :1, size : ~2 inch2, good rise time : ~2-3ns3, small TTS, 1-2 ns4, Gain :~ 107
5 large dynamic range6, not bad cathode response
uniformity7, lower noise
Test items:1.Single PE (absolute gain)2.HV response (relative gain) 3.Dynamic Range 4.pulse parameters( @1PE): Rise Time Falling Time TTS (Transit time spread)5.Cathode response uniformity6. Magnetic shielding study7. Noise rate
SPE and its resolution
2.8e+07@1750V
All th SPE peak can be measured with a good peak/valley ratio(1.4-3.0)
Example: R7725
Gain VS HV
Dynamic range of Anode
Gain:1E+07 HV:1540VFWHM:25TTS:1.55ns
Gain:1.9E+07 HV:1650VFWHM:23TTS:1.42ns
R7725
Gain:2.9E+07 HV:1750VFWHM:24TTS:1.48ns
Gain:1.1E+07HV:1480VFWHM:18TTS:1.11ns
R7725_CA0130
R7725_CA0130
R7725_CA0130
R7725_CA0134
Gain:0.9E+07HV:1850FWHM:23TTS:1.42ns
Gain:0.92E+07 HV:2100VFWHM:14TTS:0.87ns
Gain:0.97E+07HV:1800VFWHM:12TTS:0.74ns
Gain:1E+07HV:1700VFWHM:15TTS:0.93ns
GXBS_GDB61_z0070
GXBS_GDB61_z0081
ET9814B_11007 ET9829B_28033
Magnetic field effectR7725 A0130 ET9814B
ET9829B GXBSz81
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Example: R7725 A0130 Cathode response uniformity
Summary of the testing result
Considering the performance and price, Hamamatsu R7725 is selected to be used in extended Asγ array
Then we optimized the base to enlarge the dynamic range
TTs 1.55ns 1.11ns 1.42ns 0.93ns 0.87ns 0.74ns
Reference 1.3ns 1.3ns 2.2ns 2.2ns -- --
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Optimization of the R7725 base
The voltage divider distribution:1,4 : 1 : 2 : 1 : 1 : 1 : 1 : 1 : 1 : 1 : 1 : 2 : 1 (default)2,4.7 : 1 : 2.2 : 1 : 1 : 1.5 : 2.2 : 3 : 3 : 3 : 3 : 4.7 : 2.2 (optimized!)
Tapered
R7725
Dynamic range with optimized base of R7725
Anode Non-Linearity ±5%: 0~100mADynode Non-Linearity ±5%: 0~18mA
Summary:◆PMT linearity ±5% : 0~1375mA@ 1750V
anode dynamic range of R7725
HV: 1750V
gain: 2.8E+07
gain: 1.5E+07
Before improvement:Anode linearity(±5%): 1~70mA
After improvement:Anode linearity(±5%):1~100mA
▶Non-uniformity: < 1 ns 。Mean 50.39RMS 0.2404
Transit time uniformity
R7725_CA0130 dynamic range at different gain
1400V : 0~70mA
1600V : 0~90mA
1750V : 0~100mA
1800V : 0~100mA
2000V : 0~120mA
Anode output linearity(±5%):
the influence of the magnetic field
光源
光纤
Statistic test results of 30 R7725 PMTs
SPE
HV:1750V
The ratio of peak/valley : 2.6Energy resolution : 31%Gain : 1.1~4.8+07
High Voltage Response
TTS
Average TTS : 1.966ns
More test result would come
Summary
End, Thanks!
Four candidates are tested and Hamamatsu R7725 is selected to be used in extended ASγ array
The base of R7725 is optimized to enlarge the
dynamic range
The preliminary test results of 30 R7725 PMT is obtained