Segmented Worms Section 27.2. Animal Classification Animals Invertebrates Vertebrates Sponges...
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Transcript of Segmented Worms Section 27.2. Animal Classification Animals Invertebrates Vertebrates Sponges...
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Segmented Worms
Section 27.2
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Animal Classification
Animals
Invertebrates
Vertebrates
SpongesCnidariansWormsMollusksArthropodsEnchinoderms
Ectotherms(cold-blooded)
Endotherms(warm-blooded)
FishesAmphibiansReptiles
BirdsMammals
Worms
- Phylum Platyhelimenthes- Phylum Nematoda- Phylum Annelida
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Segmented Worms
Phylum Annelida Latin term anellus = “little ring" Examples: Earthworms, bristleworms, and
leeches Coelomates with two body openings
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Segmented Worms
Can be found in most environments, except in frozen soil and dry, compact sand
15,000 species of segmented worms
Earthworm
Leech
Bristleworm
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External Anatomy of an Earthworm Prostomium – a tongue-like lobe above the
mouth Clitellum - the swelling of the earthworm near
its anterior side Setae - Tiny bristles that help earthworms
and bristleworms move through soil Mouth Anus
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Nervous System
Segmented worms have simple nervous systems
Some species have eyes and brains All species have nerve cords and ganglia
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Internal view of an earthworm
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Circulatory
Segmented worms have a closed circulatory system – blood flows through vessels to reach all parts of the body Open circulatory system – blood is not enclosed
in vessels throughout the entire body Examples: flatworms and roundworms
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Internal view of an earthworm
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Respiration
Segmented worms must live in water or wet areas because they are able to exchange gases directly through their moist skin
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Digestion
Annelids have a complete digestive system Have a crop and a gizzard
Crop – a sac that holds soil temporarily before it moves into the gizzard
Gizzard – a muscular organ that grinds food
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Internal view of an earthworm
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Excretion
Annelids have two nephridia in almost every segment that collect waste products and transport them out of the body
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Internal view of an earthworm
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Reproduction
Earthworms and leeches are hermaphrodites During sexual reproduction, worms exchange
sperm Eggs are fertilized and laid in the soil The eggs hatch in 2-3 weeks Bristleworms have separate sexes and
reproduces sexually
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Internal view of an earthworm
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Leeches
Many species are parasites that suck blood or other body fluids from their hosts
Front and rear suckers enable leeches to attach themselves to their hosts
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Leeches
The saliva contains chemicals that act as a anesthetic Example – Novocain
Other chemicals prevent the blood from clotting
Leeches are used medically to remove decaying tissues of patients
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Leeches
A leech can ingest 2-5 times its own weight in one meal
A leech will drop off its host when its full and may not eat again for months