Solanum raphanifolium hybridization - Vegetable Crops Research
Seedling Production of Vegetable Crops
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Transcript of Seedling Production of Vegetable Crops
SEEDLING PRODUCTION OF
VEGETABLE CROPS
BY: MR. ANDRELORD GERON MEDINA
Institute of Agriculture Bachelor of Agricultural Technology
SEED TESTING METHODS
Seed testing is the process of determining the viability of the seed
being harvested by germination and implementing the methods
involve on pre-germinationprocesses.
Box type method
Petri dish method
Ragdoll Method
Soil Media Preparation
Soil SterilizationWeed controlKills disease causing M.OTo avoid infestations of insect pest and nematodes.
SOIL STERILIZATION USING RICE HULL CARBONIZER
January 6, 2012
Page:00
SOIL STERILIZATION USING CARBONIZER
1.5 m
1.5
m
1.2
m
CONCREATE FENCE
•Construct a fence using hollow blocks to serve as container.•The size of the fence is 1.5m X 1.5m with 1.2m height.•Make a hole (2’’ dia.) to served as breather during burning.
G.I sheet as stopper at the opening of the fence (75cm X 120cm(
4 pcs G.I pipe as breather ( 1 ½” X 2 ft)
2 pcs empty can of 1 kg powdered milk ( served as mini carbonizer on the top potion)
Rice hull carbonizer available at PhilRice (can be fabricated)
MATERIALS INCLUDED FOR 1 SET OF STERILIZER
Materials needed:1. Rice hull2. Lighter/matches3. Small pieces of fire woods/old papers or any
materials that can burn as starter4. Small amount of diesoline as starter5. Shovel6. Soil mixture for sterilization (1:1 ratio of garden
soil and sand)
MATERIALS
PROCEDURES DURING STERILIZATION
1. Put rice hull at the flooring with 10cm thick.2. Make a fire at the center using small pieces
of woods and scratched paper/plastic, put small amount of diesoline to hasten the firing.
3. Put the carbonizer when the burning start to progress.
4. Put the stopper ( G.I Sheet).5. Insert G.I. pipe inside the hole ( breather).6. Add rice hull up to 40 cm thick. Make sure
that the burning inside the carbunizer continue.
7. Put the soil to be sterilized at around 40 to 60 cm thick.
8. Put another layer of rice hull on top of the soil with 20 to 40 cm thick.
9. Put the mini carbonizer (empty can) in the layer of rice hull and make a fire inside of it to burn the rice hull.
1. It will take around 24 hours to complete the sterilization process.
2. After 24 hours and when the smoke coming out from the chimney of the Carbonizer stop, the soil can now be taken out in the container.
3. Remove ash on the top of the file.4. Pulled up the stopper (G.I. sheet)
and take out the soil and the carbonized rice hull at the bottom of the file.
5. Mix the sterilized soil and the carbonized rice hull or saw dust.
6. Put the mixture in a plastic bag and sealed.
7. Around 1 to 1.5 cubic meter of sterilized mixture can get from one set of sterilization.
8. In the preparation of soil media for seed sowing, one part of the soil mixture plus one part of peat moss can be use.
PROCEDURES AFTER STERILIZATION
SOIL MEDIA PREPARATION
Without Rice Hull Carbonizer
a. Select light soil preferably loamy type as
source of soil media. If the soil is clay, you will
need to have different ratio (more rice hull
ash).
b. Plow or rotavate the soil especially if it is
compact to make it friable for better
sterilization.
c. Apply enough water to moisten the soil for
better heat penetration during sterilization.
d. Cover it with dry rice hull to a depth of 60-90 cm. Burn piled rice hull to sterilized the soil and kill weed seeds. If the burning is longer, sterilization is better.
Collect partially burnt (carbonized) rice hull or saw dust for mulching.
The sterilized soil are collected at a depth of 12 inches maximum and pulverized.
e. Sieve sterilized soil to remove clods and stones to avoid clogging during tray filling.
f. Collect soil and mix with rice hull ash properly.
1 part of Sterilized Soil + 2 parts of Rice Hull Ash/Carbonized Rice Hull (1:2 Ratio)
for silt loam soil
Disadvantages of improper soil media mixture:
1. More soil than the recommended ratio will hold more moisture – susceptible to diseases and algae occurrence
2. Easily compacted – harder and less root formation
3. More ash – easily dry, requires frequent watering, poor root formation
g) Mix sterilized soil and rice hull ash/ carbonized rice hull thoroughly.
Mixture of 1 part sterilized soil and 2 parts rice hull
ash. (SOIL MEDIA)
SEEDLING TRAY PREPARATION AND
FILLING
a) Ensure that trays are perfectly clean.
Disinfect trays with fungicide and Disinfectant (Zonrox).
Hygiene is the first defense against
diseases.
Stack of clean trays with plastic on the floor
b) Place clean plastic on the floor as matting to avoid contamination of soil media. Fill the tray with the soil media properly.
c) Pat lightly, DO NOT COMPACT. Scrape excess soil media.
Filled Trays
PRICKING TECHNIQUES
1. Prick seedlings with relatively uniform in size – 4-5 leaf stage.
2. Prick seedlings that are disease-free.
3. Prick seedlings that have well developed root system.
What are ideal seedlings for pricking?
Seedling size ideal for pricking
GOOD PRICKING
GOOD PRICKING
Pricked trays laid perfectly in the bed
Calcium Application
THANK YOU