Sedimentary rocks Formed in seas and lakes. Formation Rock materials Derived from weathering and...
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![Page 1: Sedimentary rocks Formed in seas and lakes. Formation Rock materials Derived from weathering and erosion Are transported by river / wind And later.](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022012922/56649cbf5503460f9498574e/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Sedimentary rocks
Formed in seas and lakes
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Formation
Rock materials Derived from weathering and erosion Are transported by river / wind And later deposited (sedimentation) Under the pressure of the overlying
sediment These materials are hardened into solid rock
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Characteristics of sedimentary rocks Non-crystalline Stratified (layered) Bedding planes between rock strata May contain fossil
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Conglomerate
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Characteristics
Rock containing rounded pebbles they are cemented by fine groundmass It is more resistant Their outcrop across stream beds may
produce waterfalls and rapids
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Breccia
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Characteristics
The rock contains angular fragments
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Breccia – Ap Chau
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Folding in sedimentary rocks
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Ammonite fossil
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Sandstone
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Sandstone
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Characteristics
Sand grains are cemented Deposited farther away from the coast Less resistant than conglomerate and brecci
a
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Siltstone
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Stratification in shale e.g.Tung Ping Chau
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Siltstone layer being eroded to form a sea arch, Tai O.
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Characteristics
Very fine sediment of silt and mud is deposited and cemented together on sea floor far away from coast
Made up of numerous thin layers (stratified structure)
It is not resistant to weathering and erosion
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Cross-bedding in siltstone
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Faulting in siltstone
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Igneous rocks - Volcanic rocks
Ash, pyroclasts and lava flows
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Flowlines in rhyolite
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Columnar jointing due to cooling of lava - rhyolite
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Coarse tuff
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Characteristics
Ash and pyroclastic materials ejected during volcanic eruption
Presence of volcanic bombs
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Volcanic bombs
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Igneous rocks - Hypabyssal rocks
In sills and dykes
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Dolerite dyke
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Dolerite
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Feldspar porphyry
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Igneous rocks
In batholith
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3 sets of joints in granite
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Granite
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Badland landscape