Sectionalism and the National Economy (1816-1840)
-
Upload
gage-robles -
Category
Documents
-
view
30 -
download
0
description
Transcript of Sectionalism and the National Economy (1816-1840)
![Page 1: Sectionalism and the National Economy (1816-1840)](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/568137d7550346895d9f7795/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
SECTIONALISM AND THE
NATIONAL ECONOMY (1816-
1840)
![Page 2: Sectionalism and the National Economy (1816-1840)](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/568137d7550346895d9f7795/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Henry Clay's American System Second National Bank voted by
Congress in 1816. Dependence on Europe’s economy and
politics have now decreased significantly.
![Page 3: Sectionalism and the National Economy (1816-1840)](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/568137d7550346895d9f7795/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Tariff of 1816
Purpose? First protective tariff in U.S. History Started a protective trend in U.S. trade Calhoun vs. Webster vs. Clay
![Page 4: Sectionalism and the National Economy (1816-1840)](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/568137d7550346895d9f7795/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Internal Improvements
Bonus Bill Jeffersonians opposed direct federal
support of intrastate internal improvements; saw it as a states’ rights issue
Prior to Civil War, most internal improvements (except railroads) were done at the expense of state and local governments
![Page 5: Sectionalism and the National Economy (1816-1840)](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/568137d7550346895d9f7795/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Era of Good Feelings James Monroe
elected President Continued VA
Dynasty Carried out most of
the ideals Jefferson established. (Hamilton’s financial plan, expansion, loose construction in certain cases)
![Page 6: Sectionalism and the National Economy (1816-1840)](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/568137d7550346895d9f7795/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Era of Good Feelings Emerging sectionalism
(east, west and south) Tariff issue (east and
south opposed; west in favor)
Internal improvements (east and south opposed; west in favor)
Bank of U.S. (BUS) (west and south opposed; eastern bankers in favor)
Sale of public lands (east opposed; west and south in favor)
Panic of 1819 resulted in western hostility toward eastern bankers.
Issue of slavery in Missouri created increased sectionalism (north vs. south)
Republican party enjoying 1-party rule began developing factions eventually leading to the 2nd Party System in the 1830s.
![Page 7: Sectionalism and the National Economy (1816-1840)](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/568137d7550346895d9f7795/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Panic of 1819
Economic panic and depression Causes Results Monroe reelected in 1820 with all but
one electoral vote… Only president in history to be elected after a major panic.
![Page 8: Sectionalism and the National Economy (1816-1840)](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/568137d7550346895d9f7795/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
The Growing West
New states' characteristics Maintaining a sectional balance in
Congress was a supreme goal. Reasons for westward expansion Western Population and influence
![Page 9: Sectionalism and the National Economy (1816-1840)](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/568137d7550346895d9f7795/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Missouri Compromise
Missouri asked Congress to enter the union in 1819
Tallmadge Amendment- The Senate refused to pass the amendment and a crisis hung over the nation.
Provisions Balance of Free and Slave states
![Page 10: Sectionalism and the National Economy (1816-1840)](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/568137d7550346895d9f7795/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Missouri Compromise
![Page 11: Sectionalism and the National Economy (1816-1840)](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/568137d7550346895d9f7795/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
John Marshall
His decisions greatly increased power of the federal government over the states.
Fletcher v. Peck (1810) McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) Dartmouth College v. Woodward (1819) Gibbons v. Ogden -- 1824
![Page 12: Sectionalism and the National Economy (1816-1840)](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/568137d7550346895d9f7795/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
McCulloch v. Maryland
• 1819 • Second National Bank of the United
States decision upheld the power of Congress to charter a bank as a government agency
• Denied the state the power to tax that agency.
• Upheld the power of the federal government over that of the states as well
![Page 13: Sectionalism and the National Economy (1816-1840)](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/568137d7550346895d9f7795/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Gibbons vs. Ogden
• 1824 • NY tried to grant a monopoly of river
commerce btwn NY/NJ to a private company.
• This case ruled that only the federal government has authority over interstate commerce.
• No state monopolies!
![Page 14: Sectionalism and the National Economy (1816-1840)](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/568137d7550346895d9f7795/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Foreign Policy after the War of 1812 Rush-Bagot Treaty Treaty of 1818 U.S. gains Spanish Florida-Jackson and
First Seminole war Monroe Doctrine
![Page 15: Sectionalism and the National Economy (1816-1840)](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/568137d7550346895d9f7795/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Rush Bagot Treaty
1817 Madison still in office Significantly limited naval armament on
the Great Lakes
![Page 16: Sectionalism and the National Economy (1816-1840)](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/568137d7550346895d9f7795/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Treaty of 1818
Made with Britain John Quincy Adams Secretary of State American Canadian Border, Oregon
Territory
![Page 17: Sectionalism and the National Economy (1816-1840)](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/568137d7550346895d9f7795/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
![Page 18: Sectionalism and the National Economy (1816-1840)](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/568137d7550346895d9f7795/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Acquisition of Florida
First Seminole War (1816-1818) Andrew Jackson sweeps through Florida
and captures Spanish cities. (Disobeyed direct orders from Monroe)
John Q. Adams and Monroe Ultimatum Adams-Onis Treaty of 1819
![Page 19: Sectionalism and the National Economy (1816-1840)](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/568137d7550346895d9f7795/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Monroe Doctrine Written by J.Q.A. Leave America Alone! U.S. would regard attempts at
European control in the Americas as a personal threat.
Europe should no longer colonize the American continents.
U.S. would not interfere in European affairs.
![Page 20: Sectionalism and the National Economy (1816-1840)](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/568137d7550346895d9f7795/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Impacts of the Monroe Doctrine
Immediate impact of Monroe Doctrine was small
Long Term Impact: Monroe doctrine became cornerstone of US foreign policy during the last half of the 19th century and throughout the 20th century.
J.Q.A. becomes the most significant secretary of state.