Section in review
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Section in review
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Polar vs Non Polar
Hydrophobic
Hydrophillic
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Binding specificity
- Shape is important- Charge is important
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Water
Hydrogen Bonding
Water molecules bond together in this fashion, explains the concept of water cohesion / surface tension
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BIOMACROMOLECULES
Class of Biomacromolecule Sub unit / Monomer Cellular functions
Lipids Fatty acids & GlycerolEster Bond
Energy storage, membranes, signalling molecules
Complex CarbsPolysaccharides
Simple sugar monomersGlycosidic bond
Energy store, structure
Nucleic AcisPolynucleotides
Nucelotide monomersPhosphdiester bond
Information storage
ProteinsPolypeptides
Amino acid monomersPeptide bond
Control and regulate processes, transport, acts as receptors, structure
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Condensation reaction
O - H O - HMonomer Monomer
Enzyme
H2O O
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DNA vs RNA
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5 prime
3 prime5 prime
3 prime
Why does each side of the DNA helix run opposite directions?
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What do I need to know about RNA
mRNA – Messenger RNA is a messenger copy of DNA that is taken to the ribosomes
tRNA – Transfer RNA brings amino acids to a grove in the ribosomes where they can be linked together to form proteins
rRNA – Ribosomal RNA works with enzymes to speed up the assembly of amino acids into peptide chains
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Making amino acids
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Protein functional diversity
PROTEINS
FIBROUS PROTEINS
(structural)
GLOBULAR PROTEINS
(functional)
Insoluble, provide support and shape to
the cell and are components in
structural features such as membranes
Soluble
Catalytic proteins – ie enzymesMotility Proteins – ie flagella
Regulatory proteins – membrane receptors
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PHOTOSYNTHESIS INPUT / OUTPUTLIGHT REACTIONS
INPUT OUTPUT
H2OADPPNADP
NADPHATPO2
CALVIN CYCLE
INPUT OUTPUT
ATPNADPHCO2
C6H12O6 (6 carbon chain)O2ADP + PNADPPGAL – (3 carbon chain)