Section C - Soil Pollution

8/13/2019 Section C - Soil Pollution

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SOILPOLLUTION


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DefinitionThe presence of toxic

chemicals (pollutants or

contaminants) in soil inhigh enough concentration

to be of risk to humanhealth and/or ecosystem.


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Soil Pollution and

Effects Affects us all including plants and animals

CHILDREN are most susceptible sincethey come in close contact with the soil by

regularly playing in the ground

Effects may vary based on age, generalhealth status, and other factors


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Causes All soils contain a variety of compounds

(contaminants) which are naturally present

Examples of contaminants are metals, inorganic

ions and salts, and many organic compounds

Compounds are mainly formed through soil

microbial activity and decomposition of

organisms

Compounds get into the soil from the

atmosphere and from surface water bodies


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Causes

When the amount of soil contaminants

exceed natural levels, pollutionisgenerated

Natural events like volcanic eruptions and

tsunamis can bring about land pollution.


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Types of Soil Pollution

Anthropogenicthrough

human activityNaturalnatural accumulation

of compounds in soil


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ANTHROPOGENIC Accidental spills and leaks

Foundry activities and manufacturing processes

resulting in possible dispersion of contaminants

in the environment

Mining activities

Construction activities

Agricultural activities

Transportation activities

Dumping of chemicals

Storage of wastes in landfills


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NATURAL

Imbalances between atmospheric deposition

and leaching away with precipitation water

(concentration and accumulation of perchlorate

in soils) Natural production in soil under certain

environmental conditions (natural formation of

perchlorate in soil in the presence of a chlorinesource)

Leaks from sewer lines into subsurface


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The bare soil generate a higher health risk as

compared to vegetated soil

Soil pollution may generate health effects long

after the original exposure occurred

Poisoned soil may affect you through inhalation,

direct skin contact, poisoned vegetables and

fruits, as well as poison groundwater


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-Construction activities

-Agriculture activities

(pesticide with lead such as

lead arsenate that was

banned but has beenhistorically used)

-Growth reduction and

weight loss

-Impair pituitary-thyroid

endocrine system

Favor osteoporosis at oldage

Mercury (Hg) Mining

Incineration of coal

Alkali and metal processing

Medical and other wasteVolcanoes and geologic

deposits (natural sources)

Accumulation in plants and

vegetables grown on

polluted soils

Itching, burning, pain

Damage to brain kidney

and lungs

Pink disease (acrodynia)

skin discoloration (pink

cheeks, fingertips, toes),

while red cheeks and nose

in affected children

Desquamation (peeling off

in layers of dead skin)High blood pressure and

hyper salivation

tachycardia

Loss of hair, teeth, nails,

photofobia, kidney

dysfunction, memory-


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Arsenic (As) MiningCoal-fired power plants

Lumber facilities (usedas CCAchromate

copper arsenate in

pressure treated wood)

Electronic Industry

Foundry activities

Agriculture (Pesticides -

including some of those

currently used)

Natural accumulation

under specific conditions

If ingestedthe most

specific effects relates

to skin patternchangesandcancer (incl

uding liver, kidney,

bladder, prostate and

lung cancer); also at

lower doses the

digestive system may be

affected with symptoms

such as: nausea

vomiting, stomach

irritation, diarrhea,

damage of blood vesselsIf inhaledskin changes;

irritation of throat and

lungs, circulatory

problems, nervous

system disorders

PAHs (polyaromatic Coal burning Harm to skin body


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PAHs (polyaromatic Coal burning Harm to skin, body

fluids,

hydrocarbons) Vehicle emissions

Accumulation in plants

and vegetables grownon polluted soils

Cigarette smoke

Wildfires

Agricultural burning

Wood burningAsphalt roads

(construction

activities)

Industrial plants (e.g.,

coal tar, bitumen,

coal-gasification)

Accumulation in plants

and vegetables grown

on polluted soils

Construction activities

autoimmune system

Eye irritation, nausea,

vomiting, diahreaCataracts

Kidney and liver

damage

Cancer (skin, lung,

bladder,gastrointestinal)

Difficulty in

reproduction in

animals (not yet

confirmed in humans)


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Herbicides/Insectic

ides

Agricultural

activities

Gardening

Large range of

effects from skin

rashes to death


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Sichuan, China


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Philippines


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Landfill


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Dumpsite


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Section C - Soil Pollution

Documents

Transcript of Section C - Soil Pollution