© 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning Chapter 4 Tissues and Membranes.
section 3,chapter 5: membranes, muscles, and nervous tissues
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Transcript of section 3,chapter 5: membranes, muscles, and nervous tissues
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Membranes, Muscles, and Neurons
Section 3, Chapter 5
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Types of Membranes
There are 4 types of membranes in the body 1. Serous Membrane 2. Mucous Membrane 3. Cutaneous Membrane 4. Synovial Membrane
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Serous Membranes
A serous membrane (serosa) is a thin layer of cells (mesothelial cells) that lines the thoracic cavity & abdominal cavity
The parietal layer lines the body cavity and the visceral layer covers the organs.
A thin space between the two layers contains a thin layer of serous fluid that reduces the friction between organs
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Serous Pericardium = serous membrane surrounding the heart
Pleura = serous membrane surrounding the lungs
Figure 1.11 Serous membranes of the heart and lungs
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Peritoneum – Serous membrane that surround several abdominal organs
Figure 1.12 Serous membranes of the abdomen
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A mucous membrane (mucosa) lines the cavities & tubes that open to outside
examples can be found lining the nasal & oral cavitydigestive, respiratory, and reproductive tracts
Some, but not all mucous membranes secrete mucus.
Mucous Membrane
Mucous membrane of the GI tract
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Another name for the skin
The cutaneous membrane provides a protective coating for underlying organs.
Cutaneous Membrane
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Synovial MembraneComposed entirely of connective tissue
The synovial membrane lines movable (synovial) joints.
It secretes a clear viscous fluid, called synovial fluid that lubricates the joints.
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Muscular Tissues
Muscle tissue is specialized to contract and relax.
The three types of muscles include:1. skeletal muscle2. smooth muscle3. cardiac muscle
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Skeletal Muscle
structure skeletal muscle cells are long and tubular, and contain several peripheral nuclei the cells are striated, i.e. alternating light and dark bands
functions voluntary movement of the skeleton
locations attached to bone or other connective tissue
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Smooth Muscle
structure smooth muscle cells are tapered at the ends and form broad sheets. cells of smooth muscle are non-striated.
functions involuntary movements of substances through the body
locations walls of visceral organs: stomach, uterus, urinary bladder, intestines
blood vessels and iris of the eyes
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Cardiac Muscle
• Located only within wall of the heart• Involuntary control• Striated• Branched cells with central nuclei• Intercalated discs
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Nervous Tissue
• Locations = brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves• Regulates, coordinates, and integrates body activities• Cells = Neurons & Neuroglia
• Neurons transmit impulses• Neuroglia support neurons
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End Section 3, Chapter 5