Section 3.22 Waste Management

Abbot Point Coal Terminal 0 EIS • Adani

Terminal 0 Environmental Impact Statement


Terminal 0 Environmental Impact Statement 3-657

3.22 Waste Management This section identifies wastes likely to be generated through the construction, operation and decommissioning phases of the Project and describes how waste emissions, discharges and disposals may impact on the relevant environmental values. In accordance with the published EIS Guidelines for the Project, measures to avoid, reduce, reuse and recycle wastes are identified. This will ensure regulatory requirements for waste management are met and options for waste treatment and minimisation are identified.

Similarly, impacts from greenhouse gas emissions and their mitigation offsets are discussed in Section 3.2 Climate, Natural Hazards and Climate Adaptation.

3.22.1 Commonwealth Requirements

Legislation and policies relating to waste management are governed by several acts, policies and guidelines, which are described in Section 3.1 Legislation, Land Use and Planning. Those with specific relevance to waste management for the Project are outlined below.

3.22.1.1 Quarantine Act 1908

The principal Commonwealth legislation regulating quarantine is the Quarantine Act 1908 (the Quarantine Act). The Quarantine Act has broad coverage over matters of quarantine concern in Australia. In particular, section 4 of the Quarantine Act describes the

‘examination, exclusion, detention, observation, segregation, isolation, protection, treatment and regulation of vessels, installations, human beings, animals, plants or other goods or things.’

3.22.1.2 Quarantine Regulations 2000

The Quarantine Regulations 2000 defines waste as it applies to shipping to include:

Material used to pack or stabilise cargo;

Galley and food waste;

Human, animal or plant waste; and

Refuse or sweepings from the holds or decks of a vessel or installation.

3.22.1.3 National Waste Policy 2009

In 2009, the Commonwealth and State Governments put in place a policy which sets Australia’s waste management and resource recovery direction to 2020. The National Waste Policy covers wastes, including hazardous wastes and substances, in the municipal, commercial and industrial construction and demolition waste streams and covers gaseous, liquid and solid wastes. This policy is discussed further in Section 3.1 Legislation, Land Use and Planning.

Adani is committed to reducing waste throughout the construction, operation and decommissioning phases of the Project. Adani will be implementing a waste hierarchy that reduces, reuses and recycles waste material. The Whitsunday Regional Council (WRC) is currently developing a Waste Minimisation and Recycling Strategy. Adani will be seeking to complement the strategy by limiting the transfer of materials from site to the Bowen landfill and, where possible, sending materials to Kelsey Creek Road landfill.



3.22.2 Method of Assessment

This chapter describes waste types and volumes likely to be generated during the construction, operation and decommissioning phases of the Project, as a result of both onshore and offshore activities, including:

Coal handling facilities and stockpiles;

Expansion of the existing Material Offloading Facility (MOF);

Associated infrastructure (including workshop, amenities facilities, sewerage treatment plant, carpark, laydowns, and all water, power and communications infrastructure necessary to maintain the site);

A trestle style jetty and wharf with two ship berths; and

Defined rail loops within the common rail corridor.

All aspects of the Project are described in detail in Section 2 Project Details.

3.22.2.1 Project Waste Management Strategy

The waste management strategy to be prepared by Adani will provide assistance and guidelines by addressing matters during the planning stages and implemented throughout the construction, operation and decommissioning phases of the Project. The principles outlined in the strategy will provide early identification of predicted waste streams and quantities (for both land and marine), the means proposed for handling such waste and associated mitigation and management measures aimed at reducing potential social, economic and environmental impacts.

3.22.2.2 Waste Streams

Waste streams likely to be generated by the Project, include:

General waste – putrescibles wastes primarily generated at workshop, office and crib room facilities;

General recyclable wastes – paper, cardboard, recyclable plastics, glass, aluminium and steel cans, vegetation primarily generated during site clearance activities, and activities associated with the operation of the workshop, office and crib room facilities;

Scrap steel – primarily generated through workshop activities;

Waste hydrocarbons – oils, greases, oily water, oil and fuel filters and oily rags generated primarily from workshop and field service activities;

Waste chemicals - other than waste hydrocarbon fluids, generated from the workshop and field service activities including the cleaning of conveyor belts;

Waste tyres – waste batteries from vehicle maintenance;

Sewage generated at workshop, office and crib room facilities;

Quarantine wastes - Material used to pack or stabilise cargo, galley and food waste, human, animal or plant waste, bilge water and refuse or sweepings from the holds or decks of a vessel or installation; and

Construction/demolition waste - scrap plasterboard, bricks, tiles, electrical off-cuts, concrete.



3.22.2.3 Project Waste Inventory

Based on the waste sources identified in the above sections and a review of the activities expected throughout the construction, operational and decommissioning phases of the Project, a detailed waste inventory including potential disposal options for the waste streams will be developed prior to works commencing. This will include disposal options for quarantine wastes, as outlined in the Quarantine Regulations 2000. Table 3-143 and Table 3-144 provides a draft inventory of likely waste which will be reviewed and updated on a regular basis during detailed design, project construction, operation and decommissioning phases.

Table 3-143 Waste inventory, characterisation and management methods during the construction phase

Waste Type Source(s) Disposal Method Controls Estimated Total

Quantity

Vegetation Clearing Recycle

Where required, reuse on-site as fauna habitat. Otherwise, mulch and use for erosion and sediment control measures and/or stockpile for use in revegetation works

Approximately 47 ha of remnant and 20 ha of regrowth vegetation will be cleared for the development in the Project disturbance area

Sediment Sediment Ponds Recycle

If emptying sediment ponds is required during construction, sediment will be dried and reused during construction activities for fill or other uses

Significant volumes not anticipated

Topsoil During stripping Recycle Placed in windrow (stockpiles) for reuse in rehabilitation works. Not estimated

Excess spoil (excluding topsoil)

During earthworks activities

Recycle

Refill excavations and use to construct haul roads, pads. If necessary, stockpile or spread for use in revegetation works

Significant volumes not anticipated

Scrap metal Off cuts from construction activities

Avoidance / minimise / recycle

Minimise waste by ordering what is required. Store in designated area for collection by waste contractor for off-site recycling

<15 t

Timber

Pallets and off cuts from construction activities


Minimise waste by only ordering what is required. If possible, return pallets to sender. Chip and reuse on-site as mulch for landscaping

5 t

Building and construction waste

Scrap plasterboard, bricks, tiles, electrical off-cuts, concrete

Avoidance / minimise

Minimise waste by ordering what only is required. Return to supplier what is not needed, where possible. Store in designated areas for collection by a licensed waste contractor, to be recycled where commercially viable or disposed of at a licensed waste facility

Not estimated

Paints and resins, chemicals such as herbicides, chemical containers

Workshop Avoidance / minimise / disposal

Minimise waste by ordering only what is required. Store in designated area for collection by a licensed waste contractor and disposal off site by a licensed waste receiver. Comply with requirements of MSDS

<5 t

Sand blasting waste

Maintenance of machinery and infrastructure

Disposal Material may be disposed of at an approved landfill facility Unknown



Waste Type Source(s) Disposal Method Controls Estimated Total

Quantity General waste including putrescibles, some plastics

Construction offices, workshop

Avoidance / minimise / disposal

Take off-site for disposal at licensed waste facility 190 t

Paper, cardboard, plastics, glass, aluminium cans

Construction offices

Avoidance / minimise / recycle / disposal

Collect and store in a designated area for collection by a licensed waste contractor, to be recycled where commercially viable or disposed of at a licensed waste facility

40 t

Sewage Construction offices, workshop

Treat / recycle / disposal

Sewage conveyed to on-site sewage treatment plant for treatment. After treatment will be pumped to a holding dam or tank and then reused on-site or used for irrigation. Biosolids transferred by a licensed contractor and disposed of at Bowen Landfill

25 ML

Waste oil and containers

Workshop Recycled

Collected on-site and stored in a designated bunded facility. Transported off site by a licensed waste contractor to a facility licensed to accept regulated waste for either recycling or disposal

<50 t

Oil from oily water

Workshop / contaminated stormwater

Recycled / disposal

Oil will be separated from the water and collected as per waste oil (above) The separated water will be directed to sediment basin for evaporation or possible reuse on-site for dust suppression

<5 t

Air filters, oil filters, batteries

Workshop Recycled

Stored in a designated area on-site until there are sufficient volumes to be collected by a licensed waste contractor for recycling off-site

<2 t

Table 3-144 Waste inventory, characterisation and management methods during the operational phase

Waste Type Source(s) Disposal Method Controls

Estimated Total Quantity/ Annum

Sediment Stormwater Dam Recycle / dispose

If emptying of sediment dam is required then sediment will be dried and used on-site, where possible. Alternatively, material may be disposed of at an approved landfill facility

Unknown; volumes expected to be minor

Scrap metal Workshop Avoidance / minimise / recycle

Minimise waste by only ordering what is required. Store in designated area for collection by a waste contractor for off-site recycling

<10 t

Timber Pallets and off cuts


Minimise waste by only ordering what is required. If possible, return pallets to sender. Chip and reuse on-site as mulch for landscaping

10 t





Paints and resins, chemicals and containers

Workshops Avoidance / minimise / disposal

Minimise waste by only ordering what is required. Store in designated area for collection by a licensed waste contractor and disposal off site by a licensed waste receiver. Comply with requirements of MSDS

<2 t

Paints and resins, chemicals and containers

Vessels Disposal

All vessels associated with the Project will adhere to Commonwealth and State regulations in regard to biosecurity and quarantine. The Port of Abbot Point has existing quarantine procedures in place and these will be extended to accommodate for increased shipping volumes associated with the Project

<1 t

Sand blasting waste

Maintenance of machinery and infrastructure

Disposal Material may be disposed of at an approved landfill facility Unknown

General waste including putrescibles, some plastics

Offices, workshop,

Avoidance / minimise / disposal

Taken off site for disposal at licensed waste facility 100 t

General waste including putrescibles, some plastics

Vessels Disposal


20 t


Offices, workshops

Avoidance / minimise / recycle / disposal

Collect and store in a designated area for collection by a licensed waste contractor, to be recycled where commercially viable or disposed of at a licensed waste facility

10 t


Vessels Disposal / reuse

Wastes generated must be transported by a DAFF approved waste transporter or under DAFF supervision, and treated/disposed of by a DAFF approved waste disposal facility or in a manner approved by DAFF. Dunnage used as packing and other Biosecurity Risk Material on vessels may remain on vessels for departure from port

5 t

Sewage Offices, workshops

Treat / recycle / disposal

Sewage will be conveyed to an on-site sewage treatment plant for treatment. Following treatment, sewage will be pumped to a holding dam or tank and re-used on-site or used for irrigation. Biosolids will be transferred by a licensed contractor for disposal to Bowen Landfill

15 ML





Sewage Vessels Disposal


5 ML

Waste oil, oil filter, oily rags and containers

Workshop, vessels Recycled

Collected on-site and stored in a designated bunded facility. Transported off site by a licensed waste contractor to a facility licensed to accept regulated waste for either recycling or disposal

2 t

Oil from oily water

Workshop, contaminated stormwater

Recycled / disposal

Oil will be separated from the water and oil will be collected as per waste oil (above). The separated water will be directed to the site sediment dam for evaporation or possible reuse on-site for dust suppression

<2 t

Air filters, batteries Workshop Recycled

Stored in a designated area on-site until there are sufficient volumes to be collected by a licensed waste contractor for recycling off site

<2 t

Bilge water Vessels Dispose as quarantine waste


Unknown

Ballast water Vessels Disposal outside of 12 nm limit

All high risk ballast water tanks undergo a deep ocean exchange, outside the 12 nm limit, prior to arrival in Australian ports or waters. This also applies to any towed vessel with the capacity to hold ballast

Unknown

3.22.2.4 Decommissioning

Prior to decommissioning, a closure and rehabilitation plan will be prepared. The plan will assess the volume and types of waste anticipated to be generated through this final phase of the Project. The plan will be based on best practice management and will be formulated in line with the Waste Management Plan (WM Plan) and will identify the most appropriate measures to manage the remaining waste on the Project site. Site infrastructure will be decommissioned according to the intended post-Project land use. All efforts will be made to follow the waste hierarchy.

3.22.2.5 Waste Management Facilities

Wastes will be disposed to waste management facilities where options for reuse and recycle are considered unfeasible. Table 3-145 outlines the available waste management facilities in the WRC district, the distance of each facility to the Project site, their waste capacity and the type of waste



they can and cannot accept and process. Adani will ensure its licensed waste removal contractors will not adversely impact the operations of any existing waste management facilities.

Table 3-145 WRC Waste Management Facilities

Facility Location Distance to Port of Abbot Point

Capacity / year Waste Type

Kelsey Creek Road Landfill Proserpine 100 km TBC General, recyclables, green waste

Bowen Landfill Bowen 35 km TBC General, recyclables, green waste, construction materials

Depending on the type and quantity of waste requiring disposal, the WRC have identified the two waste management facilities within the region that may potentially be used. However, the high demand for waste disposal and the finite capacity of current waste management facilities may restrict the type and quantity of wastes that can be disposed at individual facilities. Therefore, waste will be appropriately sorted prior to leaving the Project area and the licensed contractor will be responsible for transporting it to a designated waste management facility. Discussions with WRC have been undertaken during EIS preparation and will continue to determine the location, capacity and impact the Project will have on their landfill facilities.

Of the waste management facilities tabulated above, the Bowen Landfill will be the most likely used due to proximity to the site.

3.22.3 Potential Impacts

Potential impacts from waste generated by a coal terminal may include:

Water pollution (marine and wetland) caused by release or spills of solid or liquid waste either directly to receiving waters or indirectly via run-off from waste contaminated sites and/or berthed ships;

Land contamination caused by spills or inappropriate waste disposal to soil;

Groundwater contamination cause by spills of solid or liquid waste;

Littering due to unsuitable storage and containment measures for general waste;

Odour caused by inappropriate storage and/or treatment of putrescibles waste;

Increased vermin and potential spread of disease due to inappropriate storage of waste;

Increased declared pest animals (e.g. pigs, wild dogs etc) as a result of treatment and storage of putrescibles (in relation to waste streams and waste management as defined in Section 3.22.2 and Table 3-144);

Reduced visual amenity due to improper storage of waste;

Waste of raw materials;

Waste of embedded energy and greenhouse gas emissions;

Consumption of landfill space, for example Bowen and Kelsey Creek Landfills;

Importation of foreign pests and diseases via vessels; and



Risks to human health and safety through poor management of hazardous materials.

The mitigation and management methods proposed for this Project are based on minimising the potential environmental impacts associated with waste generation.

3.22.4 Mitigation Measures

3.22.4.1 Waste Management Hierarchy

These waste management principles are based on the Waste Management Hierarchy (Figure 3-111) presented in Part 3 of the EPP (Waste). The Waste Management Hierarchy is a framework for prioritising waste management practices to achieve the best possible environmental outcome.

The hierarchy includes:

Avoid waste by optimising methods used within the construction, operation and decommissioning phases (most preferred);

Reuse waste by identification of secondary sources that can utilise waste;

Recycle waste by identification of facilities that can recycle the particular waste stream;

Energy recovery from waste, e.g. creating energy from incineration; and

Disposal of waste at an appropriate facility (least preferred).

Figure 3-111 Waste Management Hierarchy (DERM 2011)

Waste Avoidance

Where possible, the consideration of alternative products, implementation of appropriate technology and procurement processes will be undertaken to avoid waste generation.

The Project will ensure the amount of materials brought on-site is minimised, which will not only benefit the waste management strategy, but also financially reduce costs associated with the Project. Where appropriate and practicable, the Project will purchase in bulk, which will add financial benefit, as well as reduce the amount of packaging waste.



Waste Reuse

The reuse of waste will be achieved through identifying opportunities on-site and subsequently identify market demands for waste items.

It is not expected the Project will generate significant waste streams that have market demand; however, investigations regarding waste reuse will be ongoing throughout the Project. In the event that waste with potential revenue is identified, materials will be recovered during the construction and operation phases of the Terminal.

Waste Recycling

Waste recycling will be used on-site wherever practicable. Opportunities for recycling will most likely occur through the generation of waste office paper, waste cardboard, used printer cartridges, timber pallets from packaging, and used plastic containers and glass bottles. Adani is committed to recycling as much waste material as possible and will continually revise their waste management and recycling strategy.

Regulated waste which can be recycled will be transported off-site by a licensed contractor to an appropriate recycling facility.

Waste Disposal

Waste disposal will only be undertaken where there is no other feasible option available. Adani will ensure all waste types are disposed of in accordance with the appropriate guidelines and methodologies outlined in the EP Act and EPP (Waste). Either licensed contractors or Adani will liaise with relevant waste transfer and landfill stations within the region to develop waste transfer and collection logistics plans to efficiently manage the amount of waste that is disposed of annually. Regulated waste that cannot be recycled will be transported off-site by a licensed contractor to an appropriate regulated waste facility.

3.22.4.2 Cleaner Production

Cleaner Production (CP) principles provide for the implementation of practices that increase efficiency and performance while reducing impacts to the environment and supporting the goals of sustainable development.

CP and eco-efficiency are practical and effective ways for more efficient use of the materials and energy employed, while minimising the generation of wastes and emissions. The Project’s waste management strategy will align with CP principles that ultimately aim to reduce the quantity of waste generated as a result of the Project. By reducing resource consumption and waste production, CP can decrease potential adverse impacts while reducing the cost of production.

Implementing CP requires an assessment (and subsequent re-assessment as the strategy is a living document) of inputs, production processes, and pollution/wastes from the production, consumption and disposal of products and services, and changes to these through good housekeeping practices, process changes, design changes or new technologies.

Applicable CP techniques can be implemented through:

Good housekeeping - changes in operational procedures and management allow for the elimination of waste and emission generation. Examples include spill prevention and improved instruction of workers and training; and



Closed loop recycling – recycling can occur through the reclamation from a production process that would otherwise be disposed of as waste and using it as an input in the same production process. This could take place through reuse as raw material, recovery of materials or other application.

Aspects of the Project that may contribute to CP outcomes include:

Continuing optimisation of the Project’s footprint to minimise the extent of clearing and grubbing activities;

Selecting durable plant and equipment throughout the Project lifecycle to minimise the purchase of new plant and equipment;

Selecting the most appropriate processes during operation and maintenance, such as the reuse of runoff for dust suppression, and the recycling of sewage within the water treatment plant for reuse or irrigation;

Recycling of materials such as glass, paper, cardboard and timber; and

Recycling of process wastewater from reuse throughout the Project.

3.22.5 Management Measures

A detailed Waste MP will be developed for the Project defining the objectives and measures for protecting and enhancing environmental values from impacts of waste. The management measures will be assessed against the waste hierarchy and describe how the measures will achieve the standards, set and detail objectives that will be monitored, audited and managed.

The purpose of the Waste MP will be to:

Comply with all relevant environmental legislation;

Implement waste control measures that avoid environmental harm to groundwater, surface water, soil, fauna, flora and the community;

Recycle waste materials where practicable;

Minimise the amount of waste created during the Project, including during construction;

Minimise the impacts of construction activities;

Minimise the storage volumes kept on-site;

Minimise impacts to human health

Specify that no quarantine facilities will be provided onshore as part of the Project. All ship waste will remain on-board and will be disposed of on the vessel’s visitation to the next port of call that can handle such waste;

Ensure and promote best practice for waste management for both on-site and off-site; and

Ensure there are systems in place to demonstrate compliance with environmental legislation with respect to waste, including regulated waste disposal.

The scope of the Waste MP will address the management of construction and operational wastes including storage, transport and disposal. The plan will address the principles of avoid, reuse, recover and disposal and include methods for waste management at each stage of the Project to



achieve the highest level possible on the waste management hierarchy and taking into consideration the Environmental Protection (Waste Management) Policy 2000. The Waste MP will also align with requirements under the Transport Operations (Marine Pollution) Regulation 2008 (refer to Section 3.16.1.2).

The WM Plan will be monitored on a regular basis via the Project site inspection and auditing requirements.

3.22.5.1 Waste Management

Construction Phase

Waste management during the two phases of construction (refer to Section 2 Project Details) will be undertaken by the Contractor using the services of a specialist waste management sub-contractor. Waste materials will be collected, segregated and stored close to the source where the waste is generated. The waste management processes employed will fully comply with the requirements of all relevant statutory legislation and the Project WM Plan.

Waste Segregation

Waste generated during the construction phase will generally be segregated into the following waste streams:

Recyclable/recoverable waste;

Metals;

Wood;

General waste including cement/concrete wastes and packaging;

Putrescibles waste; and

Hazardous Waste.

3.22.5.2 Waste Handling and Storage Facilities

Temporary on-site waste management facilities will be provided for the storage, treatment, disposal and preparation of wastes for transport during the construction phase of the Project. Facilities will include:

A temporary waste transfer station in the construction camp, with provision to store hazardous waste;

Facilities area and service yards within the construction camp, which will function as temporary ‘suburban’ waste transfer stations, with the provision to store hazardous waste;

Vacuum truck suction points for grease trap clearing; and

Vacuum truck suction points/pits for sewerage collection and removal.

These facilities will be in place until a permanent Waste Transfer Station is constructed and fully operational.



3.22.5.3 Operation Phase Waste Management

The principal waste management activity for the Project will include the storage and handling of generated wastes, prior to reuse, recycling or transport to appropriate facilities for responsible treatment and/or disposal.

Waste management during operations will be undertaken by the site operator using the services of a specialist waste management sub-contractor. Waste will be collected, segregated and stored close to the source where the waste is generated. Waste will be collected from the strategic locations in the site and accommodation facility areas by the operator and transferred to covered skip bins located at a waste transfer station.

Skip bins will be removed from the service yard by the waste management sub-contractor and transferred to an off-site waste management facility for further segregation, compaction and treatment as required prior to final disposal. The location(s) of the final disposal facilities are pending discussions with local authorities.

No quarantine facilities will be provded onshore as part of the Project. All ship waste will remain on-board and will be disposed of on the vessels visitation to the next port of call with such facilities, as is the case with the existing terminal. The waste management processes employed will fully comply with the requirements of all relevant statutory legislation and the WM Plan.

Waste segregation and waste handling and storage activities during the operational phase will be consistent with that described for the construction phase.

3.22.5.4 Spill Containment and Remediation

Hazardous materials will be stored in appropriate bunding in accordance with Australian Standard AS1940 and other relevant standards. Spill containment material and spill kits will be located in areas where liquid waste is stored and handled and training in spill response will be provided for all relevant employees. Further detail is described in Section 3.5 Contaminated Land and Land Disturbance.

3.22.5.5 Waste Tracking

The Environmental Protection (Waste Management) Regulation 2000 requires the tracking of “Trackable Wastes”, listed in Schedule 1. The predominant types of trackable waste produced by the Project will include:

Oil and water mixtures or emulsions, or hydrocarbons and water mixtures or emulsions;

Grease trap waste;

Sewage sludge and residues including night soil and septic tank sludge;

Spent sand blasting material; and

Tyres.

All identified trackable wastes are required to be accompanied by a Waste Transport Certificate and collected, transported and disposed of by a licensed waste contractor to collect and dispose of the waste utilising the appropriate EHP procedures.

A register will be developed and maintained for all wastes generated on-site. It will include the following details:



Source of waste;

Type of waste;

Quantity of waste;

Storage location and details;

Dates of collection;

Date of disposal / recycling; and

Name and details (including Environmental Authority (EA) details) of transporter and facility used to dispose the waste.

Further, conditions associated with the treatment, storage and transport of regulated waste will be outlined in the Project’s approved EA granted under the EP Act. Examples of these conditions include:

Training of all site personnel in procedures relating to waste:

- Minimisation

- Handling

- Storage

- Reuse

- Segregation

- Collection

- Disposal

Detailed management actions including chain of custody requirements and procedures will be reflected in the Project’s WM Plan.

3.22.5.6 Waste Auditing and Monitoring

To ensure the Project’s waste management strategy is continually updated and implemented, waste monitoring and auditing will be undertaken during the construction and operational phases of the Project. The objectives of auditing the waste management activities include:

Assessment of the actual wastes compared to predicted waste streams and quantities; and

Monitor potential impacts.

The methods used and frequency of these audits will be defined in the Project’s Waste MP and will be regularly reviewed as the Project progresses to ensure they are appropriate to Project staging.

3.22.5.7 Waste Reporting

The National Environment Protection Council (NEPC) sanctioned the first National Environment Protection Measures (NEPM) in the form of the National Pollutant Inventory (NPI). The NPI is an internet database designed to provide the community, industry and government with information on the types and amounts of toxic substances being emitted to the different components of the



environment being air, land and water. More than 4,000 industrial facilities now estimate and report annually on their emissions, with all data made available to the public (SEWPaC 2012).

The NPI is a collaborative program between the Australian, State and Territory Governments established under the NPI NEPM in 1998. The implementation of the NPI is the responsibility of each participating jurisdiction and in Queensland; the NPI is implemented under the EP Act. The purpose of the NPI, and thus the aims the Project should strive to achieve are as follows:

Maintain and improve air and water quality;

Minimise the environmental impacts associated with hazardous waste; and

Improve the sustainable use of resources.

The NPI determines and outlines the requirements of reporting. Specifically, how a project or facility will trigger obligations based on exceeding threshold limits of the 93 substances that have the potential to cause environmental harm as outlined in the NPI database. Throughout the phases of the Project, if the expansion activities exceed the thresholds outlined in the NPI, Adani and the Principal Contractor will be required to submit an emissions report. This report will include estimates of the Project’s emission levels for all construction activities and will need to be reported to the NPI annually. Table 3-146 identifies construction activities with the potential to generate emissions (SEWPaC 2012).

Table 3-146 Summary of potential emissions generating activities

Project Activity Key Emissions Generating Activities Emission Type

Development and operation of the Project Terminal

Removal of vegetation and topsoil for construction of infrastructure

Predominantly particulates and exhaust emissions. These include:

Carbon Monoxide (CO); Nitrous Oxide (N2O); Sulphur Dioxide (SO2): and Volatile Organic Compounds

(VOC).

Removing and placing extracted waste Transporting and dumping of the coal

Washing and workshop operations

3.22.5.8 Cumulative Waste Impacts

Despite an overall increase in waste compared to existing conditions, the increase in waste volume associated with the Project is predicted to be minor to moderate when compared to the total volume of waste disposed within the WRC Waste Management Facilities. At this stage of the planning process, it is estimated 240 tonnes of waste materials will be generated and disposed of during the construction phase of the Project, whereas approximately 102 tonnes of waste material is anticipated to be generated during the operational phase. This will be confirmed during the detailed design phase. Furthermore, Adani will negotiate with WRC waste stations in order to develop a sustainable and sufficient annual volume of waste (all types) that can be transported to each waste management site.

3.22.6 Commitments

Adani is committed to undertaking actions (e.g. minimise usage, recycling of materials) that will reduce potential impacts through a proactive rather than reactive approach to waste generation and minimisation. This will facilitate in reducing impacts to the surrounding environment.



3.22.6.1 Social Responsibility

Adani will carry out waste management in a manner that will have the most benefit to minimising impacts on local community resources. This includes:

Throughout the life of the Project, Adani will liaise with WRC and other relevant groups to determine existing capacities and accepted waste types of their landfills and where required assist with the planning of expansion and upgrade of landfills to ensure wastes generated from the Project can be accommodated;

When sourcing waste contractors preference will be given to local businesses employing sustainable waste management practices; and

Work with local businesses so that they can take advantage of opportunities for reuse and recycling.

3.22.6.2 Waste Management Plan (Waste MP)

Adani will prepare a comprehensive Waste MP, prior to construction of the Project, with procedures developed to:

Describe the management and control of construction and operational activities to ensure that all parties involved are aware of their environmental obligations in relation to waste management;

Ensure that all waste-related environmental aspects and impacts for each phase of the Project are addressed; and

Ensure that best management practice and mitigation measures are incorporated into all Project activities and consider sustainable management principles and opportunities where appropriate.

The Waste MP will include measures designed to comply with the relevant industry standards and will be designed in response to the predicted impacts with detailed design measures to address localised impacts where necessary. Mitigation measures may include change in work procedures and practices, physical interventions to separate or buffer specific areas from predicted impacts, physical relocation of affected parties for agreed periods of time.

The Waste MP will contain a program and procedure for ongoing monitoring for relevant aspects to identify the effectiveness of the control and mitigation measures, having regard to the requirements established in the Project Environmental Management Plans (construction and operation). Monitoring may include a range of activities including scientifically conducted measurements of specified parameters, visual inspections, recording of events and communication.

3.22.6.3 Regulated Waste Tracking

The Environmental Protection (Waste Management) Regulation 2000 requires the tracking of ‘Trackable Wastes” listed in Schedule 1. The predominant types of trackable waste produced by the Project include:

Oil and water mixtures or emulsions, or hydrocarbons and water mixtures or emulsions;

Spent sand blasting material;

Grease trap waste;



Sewage sludge and residues including night soil and septic tank sludge; and

Tyres.

All identified trackable wastes are required to be accompanied by a Waste Transport Certificate and there is a requirement for a licensed waste transporter to collect and dispose of waste utilising the appropriate EHP procedures.

A register will be developed and maintained for all wastes generated on-site. It will include the following details:

Source of waste;

Type of waste;

Quantity of waste;

Storage location and details;

Dates of collection;

Date of disposal/recycling; and

Name and details (including EA details) of transporter and facility used to dispose the waste.

The relevant EHP forms are to be completed in line with the requirement under the Environmental (Waste Management) Regulation 2000.

3.22.6.4 Waste Auditing and Monitoring

Waste streams, quantities and waste management practices will be audited during the construction, operational and decommissioning phases of the Project. The objectives of auditing the waste management activities include:

Assessment of the actual wastes compared to predicted waste streams and quantities;

Monitor potential impacts from wastes;

Review the waste transportation records to ensure compliance;

Identify improvement in waste management practices, including establishment of waste reduction targets, where possible; and

Monitor the implementation of the WM Plan.

Furthermore, regular inspections will be conducted of the designated site waste management areas to ensure the waste material is appropriately separated, stored and labelled.

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