Section 3-End. Section 4-Preview Through the process of secularization, the sacred and the profane...
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Transcript of Section 3-End. Section 4-Preview Through the process of secularization, the sacred and the profane...
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Section 4-Preview
Through the process of secularization, the sacred and the profane tend to become intermixed. There has been a revival of religious fundamentalism in the United States. Religious faiths can be analyzed by the major social characteristics such as class and political tendencies.
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A. A
B. B
C. C
Section 4-Polling Question
0% 0%0%
Do you agree that there should be a separation of church and state?
A. Agree
B. Disagree
C. Not sure
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Section 4
The Development of Religion in America
• The idea of a separation between church and state is a cornerstone of American life as well as freedom of religious expression.
• However, religious persecution has still occurred.
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A. A
B. B
C. C
Section 4
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Which religious group came to America to search for religious freedom?
A. Puritans
B. Calvinists
C. Catholics
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Section 4
Secularization in the United States
• Secularization is the process of the sacred losing influence over society, or aspects of the sacred entering into the secular world of everyday life.
• Evidence is mixed concerning the relative importance of religion in the U.S. today.
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Figure 14.4
Percentage of Americans Saying Religion is Very Important in Their Lives: 1952–2005
Source: The Gallup Organization, Gallup polls on religion.
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Figure 14.5
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A. A
B. B
C. C
D. D
Section 4
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What percent of the United States is without a religious preference?
A. 3
B. 9
C. 15
D. 20
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Figure 14.6
Membership in Selected Religious Organizations in the United States
Source: World Almanac and Book of Facts, 2005.
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Section 4
Religious Preferences
• Americans in the early 2000s were largely Protestant (50%).
• Catholics constitute about 24% of the population.
• Jews constitute about 2% of the population.
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A. A
B. B
C. C
D. D
Section 4
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Which Protestant denomination is that largest?
A. Methodists
B. Episcopalian
C. Lutheran
D. Baptist
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• Interactive Map Religiosity in U.S.
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Section 4
Fundamentalism in America
• Fundamentalism is based on the desire to resist secularization and to adhere closely to traditional religious beliefs, rituals, and doctrines.
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Section 4
Fundamentalism in America (cont.)
• Two issues disturbed the early fundamentalists:
– The spread of secularism.
– The movement away from emphasis on the traditional message of Christianity toward an emphasis on social service.
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Section 4
Fundamentalism in America (cont.)
• Christian fundamentalists believe in:
– the literal truth of the Scriptures.
– being “born again.”
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Section 4
Fundamentalism in America (cont.)
– the responsibility of believers to give witness for God.
– the presence of Satan.
– the destruction of the world before the Messiah’s return.
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Section 4
Fundamentalism in America (cont.)
• Fundamentalism is strong today because:
– many Americans feel their world is out of control.
– the fundamentalist churches provide solace to people who don’t feel connected elsewhere.
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Section 4
Fundamentalism in America (cont.)
– they offer a more purely sacred environment.
– they can use the mass media to reach people.
American Church Membership Trends: 1990–1999
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Figure 14.7
American Church Membership Trends: 1990–1999
Source: Yearbook of American and Canadian Churches, 1999.
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A. A
B. B
C. C
D. D
Section 4
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Fundamentalism is found in which religions?
A. Roman Catholic
B. Judaism
C. Protestant denominations
D. All of the above
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Section 4
Religion, Class and Politics
• Religious affiliation is related to:
– social class
– upper versus lower class
– political beliefs
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A. A
B. B
C. C
D. D
Section 4
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Upperclasses display their religiosity by
A. Church membership
B. Church attendance
C. Observance of ritual
D. All of the above
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Section 4
Religion, Science, and Society
• Religion involves matters beyond human observation, while science is all about observation.
• Depending on the values and norms of the culture, society may favor religious or scientific explanations.
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Section 4
Religion, Science, and Society (cont.)
• Many debates have involved the school system.
• Today, some topics in science are closely tied to ethics, so the interface between science and religion is increasing.
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A. A
B. B
C. C
D. D
Section 4
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What state removed any questions about evolution from the state high school exit examination in 1999?
A. Vermont
B. Oklahoma
C. Oregon
D. Kansas
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Section 4-Key Terms
• secularization
• fundamentalism
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Snapshot
Public Charities
Source: National Center for Charitable Statistics, 2004.
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World View 1
Religions of the World
Adapted from The State of Religion Atlas, New York: Simon & Schuster, 1993.
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World View 2
Gender Inequality in Religion
Adapted from The State of Religion Atlas, New York: Simon & Schuster, 1993.
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Transparency 1A
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Transparency 1B
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Vocab12
secularization
process through which the sacred loses influence over society
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Vocab13
fundamentalism
the resistance of secularization and the rigid adherence to traditional religious beliefs, rituals, and doctrines