Section 2 Introduction to Cells
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Transcript of Section 2 Introduction to Cells
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Section 2 Introduction to CellsChapter 4
Objectives
• Describe the three basic parts of a cell.
• Compare prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells.
![Page 2: Section 2 Introduction to Cells](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56812cf3550346895d91c231/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Section 2 Introduction to CellsChapter 4
Basic Parts of a Cell
• The three basic parts of a cell are the plasma membrane, the cytoplasm, and the nucleus.
» Pg 74 – Figure 4-6 shows surface of cell membrane and the diagram below is also shown
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Section 2 Introduction to CellsChapter 4
Basic Parts of a Cell, continued
• Plasma Membrane– The cell’s outer boundary, called the plasma
membrane (or the cell membrane), covers a cell’s surface and acts as a barrier between the inside and the outside of a cell.
» All materials enter or exit through the plasma membrane
![Page 4: Section 2 Introduction to Cells](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56812cf3550346895d91c231/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Section 2 Introduction to CellsChapter 4
Basic Parts of a Cell, continued
• Cytoplasm– The region of the cell that is within the plasma
membrane and that includes the fluid, the cytoskeleton, and all of the organelles except the nucleus is called the cytoplasm.
![Page 5: Section 2 Introduction to Cells](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56812cf3550346895d91c231/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Section 2 Introduction to CellsChapter 4
Basic Parts of a Cell, continued
• Nucleus– The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that
contains a cell’s DNA. » This is often called the control center of cells
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Section 2 Introduction to CellsChapter 4
Two Basic Types of Cells• Prokaryotes
– Prokaryote cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
– Prokaryotes are divided into domains Bacteria and Archaea
• These existed on Earth before Eukaryotes
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Section 2 Introduction to CellsChapter 4
Two Basic Types of Cells, continued
• Eukaryotes– Eukaryote cells have a nucleus and membrane-
bound organelles.» Eukaryotes cells are generally much larger than
prokaryotic cells
» Amoeba is an example of a Eukaryotic cell
» Ex. Pg 75, Figure 4-8 shows white blood cell (eukaryotic) attacking a much smaller bacteria cell (prokaryotic)
– Organelles are intracellular bodies that perform specific functions for the cell
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Prokaryote Two Cell Types EukaryoteNo nucleus Nucleus
No membrane- Many organellesbound organelles
Existed first Existed second
small large
Circular chromosome linear chromosome
Binary fission mitosis