Section 1: Early Steps to Reunion…
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Transcript of Section 1: Early Steps to Reunion…
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Section 1: Early Steps to Reunion…
Chapter 18: Reconstruction And Changing the South….
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What was Reconstruction…• Was the re-
building of the south physically, politically, socially and economically after the civil war.
• Postwar Problems:– North:– South:
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Issues After The War…• Reconstruction of the
South.• FREEDMEN:
– Men or Women who had been slaves
• Nearly 4,000,000 Men and Women were now Free and Living in the South.
• Most had no Land, Jobs, or Education.
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Conflicting Plans for Reconstruction…
• Some people wanted to punish the southerners severely for their act of treason (secession).
• Others wanted what was referred to as “an easy peace”…..
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Plans For Reconstruction…• 10 %
PLAN=Easy• WADE -
DAVIS BILL= Punitive.
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Ten Percent Plan…• Lincoln’s Plan for
Reconstruction. Amnesty: – Government Pardon.
# 1- A Southern State could reform it’s Government after 10 % of the State took an Oath of Loyalty to the United States.
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Ten Percent Plan…• #2: Once the
New State was Formed, it had to Abolish Slavery.
• #3: Once Completed, the New State could Elect Men to Congress.
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Wade-Davis Bill• Required the Majority
of White Men in each Southern State to Swear Loyalty to the Union, Instead of 10 %.
• Denied right to Vote or Hold Office for anyone who had volunteered to fight for the Confederacy.
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The Freedmen’s Bureau…
• Signed 1 month before Lee Surrendered.
• A Government agency to help Former Slaves.
• Gave Food and Clothing to them.
• It also tried to find Jobs for Freedmen.
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Ford’s Theater (April 14, 1865)
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The Assassin
John Wilkes Booth
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The Assassination
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WANTED~~!!
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Now He Belongs to the Ages!
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The Execution
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The New President…• Vice President:
Andrew Johnson .
• Tennessee.• Loyal to the
Union.
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Johnson’s Plan…• Majority of Voters
in each Southern State to pledge Loyalty to the United States.
• All had to Ratify the 13th Amendment.
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Congress Rebels…• Southern States all
met Johnson’s conditions.
• Approved their New State Governments in 1865.
• South Elected New Representatives to Congress.
• Republicans Outraged.
• Many of those elected held Office in the Confederacy.
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Section 2: Radical Reconstruction…
Chapter 18: Reconstruction…
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13th Amendment…• Abolition of
slavery.• Slavery is
finally against the Constitution.
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Black Codes…• Were an attempt
by the white southerners to deny African Americans their new freedom.
• Severely limited the rights of Freedmen.
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• African Americans could not:–Vote.–Own Guns.–Serve on
juries.
Black Codes…
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Black Codes…• African
Americans were able to legally marry and own some land.
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Radical Republicans…• People in
Congress who were opposed to Johnson.
• Radicals are people who want to make drastic changes in society.
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Radical Republicans…• 2 Goals: • # 1: Break the
power of the rich southern plantation owners.
• # 2: Give Freedmen the right to vote.
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Radical Reconstruction…• Reconstruction
policies put forward by the Republican Congress.
• Strict policy toward the south.
• 14th Amendment:– Blacks are citizens
• 15th Amendment:– Blacks may vote
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Republicans Impeach Johnson…
• Because Johnson opposed many of the Radical Republicans policies, they tried to have him removed from office.
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Impeach…• To bring
formal charges of wrongdoing against an elected official.
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Impeachment Process…• House of Reps.
can impeach a president for “high crimes and misdemeanors.”
• Senate tries the case.
• 2/3rds Majority must vote guilty.
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A New President…Election of 1868…