Second Look at Google Books Ryan James University of Hawaii at Manoa [email protected].
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Transcript of Second Look at Google Books Ryan James University of Hawaii at Manoa [email protected].
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Legibility
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Methodology
• 50 randomly selected books– Random.org– OED
• 2,500 pages examined for legibility errors– First fifty pages, excluding prefatory material
• Major errors = loss of information
• Minor errors = difficult to read information
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Summary of Results Legibility
Number of Books 50
Number of Pages 2500
Major Errors 15
% of Pages with Major Errors 0.6
Minor Errors 9
% of Pages with Minor Errors 0.36
% of Pages with both types of errors
0.96
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Major Error
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Minor Error
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Impact of Legibility Errors
• Loss of information
• Difficult to read information
• Frustrated Users
• OCR problems
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Metadata Errors
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Methodology
• 400 randomly selected records reviewed– Random.org– OED
• 1,600 metadata fields reviewed– <Author> <Title> <Publication Date>
<Publisher>
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Metadata Field Errors Found % of Errors
Publisher 83 41%
Author 48 24%
Publication Date 41 20%
Title 31 15%
Total 203 100%
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Errors per Book
• Expect around 1-12% error rate per traditional library catalog error rate
• Found 35.76% error rate (records having at least one error)
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Types of Errors
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Title Author Publisher Date
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Errors per Book
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
1 Error 2 Errors 3 Errors 4 Errors
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Example Search
• Author Edgar Allan Poe
• Works published before 1809
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Impact of Metadata Errors
• Errors in search results– results list order– advanced searching– Frustrated Users
• Problems integrating with other information systems
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Optical Character Recognition
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Ham. To be, or not to be, that is the question, Whether tis nobler in the minde to suffer
The flings and arrowes of outragious fortune, Or to take Armes against a sea of troubles, And by opposing, end them, to die to fleepe
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Impact of OCR Errors
• Keyword searching!
• Frustrated Users
• Frustrated Disabled Users– text-to-speech technology
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The Importance of Fleepe
• Cross-contamination of errors– errors in one Google product show up in other
Google products
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Ngram Viewer
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Final thoughts
• How significant are the errors found in Google Books?
• Is it useful to patrons?
• What role can Google Books play?
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James, R. (2010). An Assessment of the legibility of Google Books. Journal of Access Services, 7(4), 223-228.
pre-pub version: http://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/handle/10125/15358
Email: [email protected]